基于模式病毒评价商品化消毒剂对非洲猪瘟病毒的消杀效果

为了解常用商品化消毒剂对非洲猪瘟病毒(ASFV)的消杀效果,为其消毒剂的筛选提供参考。该研究利用伪狂犬病毒(pseudorabies virus,PRV)与ASFV病毒理化特征的相似性,以PRV作为替代标识毒株,建立了消毒剂细胞评价模型,于体外检测了3种市售消毒剂对生长在BHK-21细胞中PRV的灭活效果。分别从3类消毒剂的不同方面对消毒剂抗病毒作用的影响进行消杀效果的评估。研究显示,有效含量为0.125 g·L^(-1)的戊二醛癸甲溴铵溶液,以及有效含量为0.5 g·L^(-1)的过氧乙酸溶液和二氯异氰脲酸钠,在室温作用30 min,均可有效灭活PRV。其中,过氧乙酸综合评价最优;戊二醛癸甲溴铵性价比最高,但所需消杀时间较长,受低温影响比较严重。该研究可为养殖场防控ASFV的感染提供消毒剂筛选的理论依据,并对ASFV的消毒标准提供参考。

慢病毒介导的稳定表达鸭干扰素-γ细胞株的构建

干扰素-γ是一种具有抗病毒活性和免疫调节能力的细胞因子之一。为了建立稳定表达鸭干扰素-γ(duIFN-γ)的细胞系,本研究优化并合成了duIFN-γ基因,插入到慢病毒表达载体plenti-GIII-CMV-GFP-2A-Puro,获得重组质粒plenti-IFN,将plenti-IFN与辅助质粒共转染包装细胞293T,筛选出了携带duIFN-γ基因的重组慢病毒rlenti-IFN,将该病毒感染中国仓鼠卵巢(Chinese hamster ovary, CHO)细胞,利用有限稀释法和抗性加压筛选法,筛选出了30个具有嘌呤霉素抗性基因的单克隆细胞系。利用RT-qPCR荧光定量法对这些单克隆细胞的duIFN-γ mRNA水平进行检测,筛选出了duIFN-γ mRNA水平最高的1个单克隆细胞,对其进行扩大培养,获得了1株稳定细胞系。Western blot检测结果表明,duIFN-γ稳定表达于该细胞系中。本研究获得了1株稳定表达duIFN-γ蛋白的细胞系,该研究为开展duIFN-γ生物学功能研究、建立duIFN-γ检测方法及生产廉价鸭(禽)用干扰素奠定了基础。

构造型水库诱发地震震级预测与探讨

国内外大量水库发生过不同震级的水库诱发地震,给社会经济环境和生态环境等都造成了不同程度的损失,自20世纪70年代以来,国内学者从不同角度对水库诱发地震的诱发原因和预测方法展开了研究。在前人研究的基础上,对水库诱发地震基本特征和诱发主要因素进行了分析、研究,探索性提出了构造水库地震影响因素的隶属函数,该构造函数综合考虑了对水库规模、构造类型、构造活动性、地层岩性等因素对水库诱发地震的影响,并构建了新的水库诱发地震数学模型对国内外100多座水库诱发地震震例进行计算。经对比分析,发现采用本模型计算的水库诱发地震震级与各水库实际地震震级相接近,可见利用该数学模型预测水库诱发地震震级是基本可行的,希望能为构造型水库诱发地震预测与防治提供一点启示;此外,还发现地震动参数对水库诱发地震的震级贡献相对较大,但水库规模对震级贡献相对较小,特别是水深超过20 m时,水库规模导致的震级差异不明显。

黄芪多糖的生物学功能及其在畜禽生产中的应用研究进展

随着健康养殖的发展,天然植物提取物作为新型饲料添加剂的原料已成共识。黄芪多糖作为黄芪的主要活性物质之一,主要由葡萄糖(Glc)、甘露糖(Man)、阿拉伯糖(Ara)、半乳糖(Gal)、果糖(Fru)、鼠李糖(Rha)、葡萄糖醛酸(GlcA)和半乳糖醛酸(GalA)等组成,具有抗氧化、抗炎、保肝护肝、抗肿瘤、免疫调节、菌群调节、保肾护肾、抗骨质疏松、抗病毒、改善胰岛素抵抗等多种生物学功能,且在猪、牛、羊、兔、鸡、鸭等畜禽生产中具有广阔的应用前景。本文对黄芪种类与多糖组成以及黄芪多糖的提取制备、生物学功能及其在畜禽生产中的应用进行了综述,并针对黄芪多糖在畜禽生产中应用方面做出展望,以期为新型畜禽饲料添加剂的研究和应用提供可行性参考。

树鼩角膜基质永生化细胞系的构建及其在病毒感染性方面的研究

目的建立树鼩永生化角膜基质细胞(corneal stromal cells,CSCs)系,并探讨其在病毒感染中的应用。方法利用组织块贴壁培养法分离培养树鼩原代CSCs,将携带SV40T基因的慢病毒转染细胞后,再挑取单克隆进行传代培养,传至50代以上进行形态学观察并与40代细胞形态进行比较,波形蛋白(vimentin)和SV40T基因免疫荧光鉴定、核型鉴定、细胞增殖曲线测定。用单纯疱疹病毒1型(herpes simplex virus-1,HSV-1)(McKrae株)、寨卡病毒(Zika virus,ZIKV)(GZ01株)、登革病毒Ⅱ型以及甲型流感病毒H1N1(PR8株)在该细胞上进行病毒感染实验。结果传至50代以上的树鼩永生化CSCs呈梭形,细胞形态结构与40代相比仍较好。vimentin和SV40T基因免疫荧光表达阳性。增殖曲线结果显示:细胞生长旺盛,第4~5天时处于对数生长期。原代细胞核型的染色体数稳定为62条,而永生化细胞第21、56代突变为64条且保持稳定。病毒感染实验显示:树鼩永生化CSCs对HSV-1(McKrae株)、ZIKV(GZ01株)、登革病毒Ⅱ型以及H1N1(PR8株)病毒敏感,产生较高感染滴度,分别为1.32×105、5.62×106、2.69×107、7.76×104CCID50/mL。结论成功建立了树鼩永生化CSCs细胞系,提示该细胞系可用于单纯疱疹病毒、寨卡病毒、登革病毒和甲型流感病毒感染眼角膜疾病的作用机制及抗病毒药物的研究。

数据中心用太阳能与热泵互补转轮除湿蒸发冷却系统性能研究

针对数据中心蒸发冷却技术受限于环境湿球温度的问题,文章构建了一种太阳能与热泵互补转轮除湿蒸发冷却系统,该系统利用光伏组件发电余热提供的热能,与热泵系统互补驱动转轮除湿再生。系统根据室外气象条件可实现新风、蒸发冷却和除湿+蒸发冷却3种运行模式。应用TRNSYS软件模拟上海、广州和昆明3个典型地区数据中心的系统热力、电力及能耗特性。结果表明:在上海、广州和昆明地区典型日除湿+蒸发冷却模式下,转轮除湿预处理分别使空气湿球温度平均降低了10.9,11.6,10.3℃。在上海、广州和昆明地区典型月系统平均COP值分别为4.9,5.1,3.6,最大瞬时COP达到12.1,11.4,8.1。

The evolution of robotics:research and application progress of dental implant robotic systems

The use of robots to augment human capabilities and assist in work has long been an aspiration.Robotics has been developing since the 1960s when the first industrial robot was introduced.As technology has advanced,robotic-assisted surgery has shown numerous advantages,including more precision,efficiency,minimal invasiveness,and safety than is possible with conventional techniques,which are research hotspots and cutting-edge trends.This article reviewed the history of medical robot development and seminal research papers about current research progress.Taking the autonomous dental implant robotic system as an example,the advantages and prospects of medical robotic systems would be discussed which would provide a reference for future research.

某涂布设备微振动控制基础结构的优化设计

针对电子厂房内涂布设备结构楼板的微振动控制问题,提出了设备安置处楼板动刚度精细化控制方法。首先,对已建厂房内涂布设备所在基础楼板的振动速度响应及动刚度进行实测分析,确定设备满足其容许振动标准条件下的楼板需求动刚度;其次,建立楼板结构动力有限元模型,研究模型结构尺寸与动刚度计算值的差异;最后,通过计算获得满足涂布设备容许振动标准的楼板结构设计尺寸,并进行了工程验证。研究结果表明,涂布设备运行状态下1/3倍频程最大振动速度幅值对应的中心频率点为40 Hz或50 Hz,且在35.5~44.7 Hz频率范围对楼板需求动刚度要求最高。

Imbalance of Circulating Follicular Regulatory and Follicular Helper T Cell Subpopulations Is Associated with Disease Progression and Serum CYFRA 21-1 Levels in Patients with Non-small Cell Lung Cancer

Objective This study aimed to investigate the changes of follicular helper T(TFH)and follicular regulatory T(TFR)cell subpopulations in patients with non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)and their significance.Methods Peripheral blood was collected from 58 NSCLC patients at different stages and 38 healthy controls.Flow cytometry was used to detect TFH cell subpopulation based on programmed death 1(PD-1)and inducible co-stimulator(ICOS),and TFR cell subpopulation based on cluster determinant 45RA(CD45RA)and forkhead box protein P3(FoxP3).The levels of interleukin-10(IL-10),interleukin-17a(IL-17a),interleukin-21(IL-21),and transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β)in the plasma were measured,and changes in circulating B cell subsets and plasma IgG levels were also analyzed.The correlation between serum cytokeratin fragment antigen 21-1(CYFRA 21-1)levels and TFH,TFR,or B cell subpopulations was further explored.Results The TFR/TFH ratio increased significantly in NSCLC patients.The CD45RA^(+)FoxP3^(int) TFR subsets were increased,with their proportions increasing in stages Ⅱ to Ⅲ and decreasing in stage IV.PD-1^(+)ICOS+TFH cells showed a downward trend with increasing stages.Plasma IL-21 and TGF-β concentrations were increased in NSCLC patients compared with healthy controls.Plasmablasts,plasma IgG levels,and CD45RA^(+)FoxP3^(int) TFR cells showed similar trends.TFH numbers and plasmablasts were positively correlated with CYFRA 21-1 in stages Ⅰ-Ⅲ and negatively correlated with CYFRA 21-1 in stage IV.Conclusion Circulating TFH and TFR cell subpopulations and plasmablasts dynamically change in different stages of NSCLC,which is associated with serum CYFRA 21-1 levels and reflects disease progression.

Fully automatic AI segmentation of oral surgery-related tissues based on cone beam computed tomography images

Accurate segmentation of oral surgery-related tissues from cone beam computed tomography(CBCT)images can significantly accelerate treatment planning and improve surgical accuracy.In this paper,we propose a fully automated tissue segmentation system for dental implant surgery.Specifically,we propose an image preprocessing method based on data distribution histograms,which can adaptively process CBCT images with different parameters.Based on this,we use the bone segmentation network to obtain the segmentation results of alveolar bone,teeth,and maxillary sinus.We use the tooth and mandibular regions as the ROI regions of tooth segmentation and mandibular nerve tube segmentation to achieve the corresponding tasks.The tooth segmentation results can obtain the order information of the dentition.The corresponding experimental results show that our method can achieve higher segmentation accuracy and efficiency compared to existing methods.Its average Dice scores on the tooth,alveolar bone,maxillary sinus,and mandibular canal segmentation tasks were 96.5%,95.4%,93.6%,and 94.8%,respectively.These results demonstrate that it can accelerate the development of digital dentistry.

套算法评定中速型黄羽肉鸡发酵菌渣代谢能及营养物质代谢率

试验旨在评定发酵菌渣在中速型黄羽肉鸡上的饲用价值。选取体重(2.04±0.14)kg的60日龄健康雄性黄羽肉鸡(土皇6号)45只,随机分为3组。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,A、B组分别饲喂以20%、30%发酵菌渣替代基础饲粮(微量元素预混料及维生素预混料除外)构成的待测饲粮。试验结束时测定平均日采食量、能量代谢、营养代谢指标。试验期13 d。结果显示:A、B组黄羽肉鸡平均日采食量显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。发酵菌渣替代比例A、B组不同,经套算法计算得出的钙、磷及粗纤维代谢率存在显著差异(P<0.05),代谢能及其他营养物质代谢率差异不显著(P>0.05)。A、B组发酵菌渣的表观(真)代谢能分别为4.87、5.21 MJ/kg(5.01、5.39 MJ/kg),氮校正表观(真)代谢能为4.77、5.14 MJ/kg(4.92、5.32 MJ/kg),总能代谢率为32.88%、33.77%,氮代谢率为22.86%、18.31%;干物质的表观(真)代谢率为24.24%、22.67%(26.37%、24.55%)、粗蛋白为22.86%、18.31%(31.91%、27.45%)、粗脂肪为58.39%、48.92%(59.02%、49.58%)、中性洗涤纤维为19.20%、25.44%(18.99%、25.44%)、酸性洗涤纤维为62.67%、58.51%(62.38%、58.48%)。由此得出,待测原料替代比例可能会影响套算法计算出的钙、磷及粗纤维的代谢率;但代谢能及其他营养物质代谢率可作为发酵菌渣在黄羽肉鸡上应用的参考数据。

中药大黄鼻饲、吴茱萸膏穴位贴敷联合中医穴位按摩在食管癌根治术后的应用

目的:探讨中药大黄鼻饲、吴茱萸膏穴位贴敷联合中医穴位按摩在食管癌根治术后的应用。方法:采取随机数字表法将江西省肿瘤医院2022年5月—2023年12月收治的接受食管癌根治术治疗的患者135例分为三组,各45例,三组患者均采取食管癌术后常规干预,对照组采取中药大黄鼻饲液营养管内治疗,观察A组在对照组基础上加用吴茱萸膏穴位贴敷治疗,观察B组在观察A组基础上增加中医穴位按摩治疗。对比三组术后胃肠道反应发生率、术后肠鸣音恢复时间、术后首次排气时间、首次排便时间、胃肠道持续时间及患者满意度。结果:观察B组与对照组、观察A组相比,胃肠道反应发生率较低,术后肠鸣音恢复时间、术后首次排气时间、首次排便时间均较短,对术后恢复情况的满意度较高(P<0.05);观察A组与对照组相比,胃肠道反应发生率较低,对术后恢复情况的满意度较高,术后肠鸣音恢复时间、术后首次排气时间、首次排便时间及胃肠道持续时间均较短,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:在常规干预基础上增加中药大黄、吴茱萸膏穴位贴敷联合中医穴位按摩应用在食管癌术后,能够在一定程度上降低胃肠道反应发生风险,围手术期指标表现较好,患者满意度较高。

我国香蕉主产区可持续发展能力评价研究

作为世界四大水果之一的香蕉,其可持续发展对农业增效、农民增收具有重要作用和意义。基于广东省、海南省、云南省3个香蕉主产区(以下简称三省)的632份实地调研数据,围绕人力资本、经济、资源、社会4个维度构建香蕉产业可持续发展综合评价指标体系,运用熵值法对香蕉产业的可持续发展水平进行评价。结果表明,三省的香蕉产业可持续发展能力整体偏低,地区间存在差距,云南省香蕉产业可持续发展能力最高,海南省香蕉产业可持续发展能力最弱。从4个维度来看,资源维度对香蕉主产区影响最大,社会维度对香蕉主产区影响最低。针对结果提出:加强专业种植知识培训,提升农户自身种植技术;加大政府政策资金支持,发挥企业农户带动作用;加强产业基础设施建设,健全产业金融服务体系;加快香蕉产业绿色发展,增加绿色农副产品供给。

黑麋峰抽水蓄能电站水泵水轮机改造前后性能对比

黑麋峰抽水蓄能电站4号机组为引进国外技术、国内生产制造的典型水泵水轮发电机组。在运行过程中,始终存在水轮机工况并网难、甩负荷过程中机组存在强烈压力脉动等问题。经过多轮水力优化,4号机组转轮由原来的9叶片结构改为6+6长短叶片结构,为我国自主研发且国内外首次应用的全新转轮。本文通过对改造前后机组各方面性能的对比,对黑麋峰全新4号机组运行稳定性能进行总结,以期为今后我国抽水蓄能电站机组的改造工作提供参考和借鉴。

Rbm8a regulates neurogenesis and reduces Alzheimer's disease-associated pathology in the dentate gyrus of 5×FAD mice

Alzheimer’s disease is a prevalent and debilitating neurodegenerative condition that profoundly affects a patient’s daily functioning with progressive cognitive decline,which can be partly attributed to impaired hippocampal neurogenesis.Neurogenesis in the hippocampal dentate gyrus is likely to persist throughout life but declines with aging,especially in Alzheimer’s disease.Recent evidence indicated that RNA-binding protein 8A(Rbm8a)promotes the proliferation of neural progenitor cells,with lower expression levels observed in Alzheimer’s disease patients compared with healthy people.This study investigated the hypothesis that Rbm8a overexpression may enhance neurogenesis by promoting the proliferation of neural progenitor cells to improve memory impairment in Alzheimer’s disease.Therefore,Rbm8a overexpression was induced in the dentate gyrus of 5×FAD mice to validate this hypothesis.Elevated Rbm8a levels in the dentate gyrus triggered neurogenesis and abated pathological phenotypes(such as plaque formation,gliosis reaction,and dystrophic neurites),leading to ameliorated memory performance in 5×FAD mice.RNA sequencing data further substantiated these findings,showing the enrichment of differentially expressed genes involved in biological processes including neurogenesis,cell proliferation,and amyloid protein formation.In conclusion,overexpressing Rbm8a in the dentate gyrus of 5×FAD mouse brains improved cognitive function by ameliorating amyloid-beta-associated pathological phenotypes and enhancing neurogenesis.

Better use of experience from other reservoirs for accurate production forecasting by learn-to-learn method

To assess whether a development strategy will be profitable enough,production forecasting is a crucial and difficult step in the process.The development history of other reservoirs in the same class tends to be studied to make predictions accurate.However,the permeability field,well patterns,and development regime must all be similar for two reservoirs to be considered in the same class.This results in very few available experiences from other reservoirs even though there is a lot of historical information on numerous reservoirs because it is difficult to find such similar reservoirs.This paper proposes a learn-to-learn method,which can better utilize a vast amount of historical data from various reservoirs.Intuitively,the proposed method first learns how to learn samples before directly learning rules in samples.Technically,by utilizing gradients from networks with independent parameters and copied structure in each class of reservoirs,the proposed network obtains the optimal shared initial parameters which are regarded as transferable information across different classes.Based on that,the network is able to predict future production indices for the target reservoir by only training with very limited samples collected from reservoirs in the same class.Two cases further demonstrate its superiority in accuracy to other widely-used network methods.

Application of deep learning methods combined with physical background in wide field of view imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes

The High Altitude Detection of Astronomical Radiation(HADAR)experiment,which was constructed in Tibet,China,combines the wide-angle advantages of traditional EAS array detectors with the high-sensitivity advantages of focused Cherenkov detectors.Its objective is to observe transient sources such as gamma-ray bursts and the counterparts of gravitational waves.This study aims to utilize the latest AI technology to enhance the sensitivity of HADAR experiments.Training datasets and models with distinctive creativity were constructed by incorporating the relevant physical theories for various applications.These models can determine the type,energy,and direction of the incident particles after careful design.We obtained a background identification accuracy of 98.6%,a relative energy reconstruction error of 10.0%,and an angular resolution of 0.22°in a test dataset at 10 TeV.These findings demonstrate the significant potential for enhancing the precision and dependability of detector data analysis in astrophysical research.By using deep learning techniques,the HADAR experiment’s observational sensitivity to the Crab Nebula has surpassed that of MAGIC and H.E.S.S.at energies below 0.5 TeV and remains competitive with conventional narrow-field Cherenkov telescopes at higher energies.In addition,our experiment offers a new approach for dealing with strongly connected,scattered data.

难治性鼻出血的临床分析

目的探讨难治性鼻出血的出血部位、临床特点、治疗方法及疗效。方法回顾性分析因难治性鼻出血入院治疗的127例患者的临床资料,分析常见的出血部位、临床特点、疗效等。结果127例患者中不同年龄段(P=0.000)、是否合并高血压2、3级(P=0.030)、是否长期口服抗凝药(P=0.000)患者出血部位差异具有统计学意义。入组患者中,二次止血成功患者14例。二次止血患者中,高血压2、3级患者与高血压1级和不合并高血压患者一次治愈率差异有统计学意义(P=0.000)。结论难治性鼻出血患者中男性患者多于女性,常见出血部位与年龄,高血压2、3级及长期口服抗凝药有关,鼻内镜下电凝止血是首选治疗方法,血压高低与电凝止血治愈率有关,血压控制不佳患者需同时积极控制血压。

“互联网+医疗”模式在肺癌术后肺康复患者的应用效果研究

目的探讨“互联网+医疗”模式在肺癌术后肺康复患者的应用效果。方法选取笔者医院2022年6月至2023年1月接受择期肺癌手术治疗的87例肺癌患者,按随机数字表法分为对照组44例与观察组43例;对照组行常规干预,观察组行基于“互联网+医疗”模式干预;对比两组肺功能指标[用力肺活量(forced vital capacity,FVC)、第1秒用力肺活量(first second forced vital capacity,FEV1)、呼吸流量(respiratory flow,PEF)]、心肺耐力水平[6min步行试验(6min walking test,6MWT)]、呼吸劳累感及生活质量[世界卫生组织生存质量测定简表(World Health Organization quality of life,WHOQOL-BREF)]。结果干预6个月,研究组FVC、FEV1、PEF、6MWT距离、WHOQOL-BREE评分均较对照组高,呼吸疲劳感评分较对照组低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论肺癌术后康复患者采用“互联网+医疗”模式干预可改善肺功能,提高心肺耐力,减轻呼吸疲劳感,提升生活质量。

低层错能镍基单晶高温合金压缩行为和变形组织的温度相关性

在室温至1000℃的范围内,研究温度对一种低层错能镍基单晶高温合金压缩行为和变形组织的影响。研究结果表明,压缩行为和变形组织均表现出温度相关性。室温下该合金具有较高屈服强度,600℃时屈服强度有所下降;随后,随着温度的升高,屈服强度持续增加,并在800℃时达到最大值;在800℃以上时,屈服强度迅速降低。通过透射电子显微镜观察揭示合金变形机制。位错缠结和位错对塞积是室温下屈服强度较高的主要原因。在600℃时,变形机制从反相畴界切割向堆垛层错切割转变,这导致屈服强度略有下降。在800℃时,变形机制以堆垛层错切割为主,而Lomer-Cottrell锁和不同方向堆垛层错之间的反应导致最大的屈服强度。在900℃及以上时,虽然仍存在一些层错,但主要变形机制为位错绕过机制。最后,讨论变形机制和压缩行为的温度依赖性。