目的:使用贝叶斯网络Meta分析方法评价非手术干预措施对阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停(OSA)病人血压的影响。方法:系统检索PubMed、the Cochrane Library、EMbase、Web of Science、中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)、中国知网、万方数据库7个中英文...目的:使用贝叶斯网络Meta分析方法评价非手术干预措施对阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停(OSA)病人血压的影响。方法:系统检索PubMed、the Cochrane Library、EMbase、Web of Science、中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)、中国知网、万方数据库7个中英文数据库,检索自建库至2021年12月31日所有关于非手术干预措施对OSA病人血压影响的随机对照试验。使用Cochrane风险评估量表对纳入文献进行质量评价,应用Stata15.0进行网状关系图形绘制,Gemtc13.4进行统计分析。结果:共纳入文献19篇,涉及7种单项干预措施、1种联合干预措施和安慰对照。网状Meta分析结果显示,在降低舒张压方面,生活方式+持续气道正压通气>持续气道正压通气>下颌推进装置>安慰对照>口腔矫正器=针灸>吸气肌锻炼>体位保持器>减肥疗法,持续气道正压通气相比体位保持器组和安慰对照组对降低舒张压效果较好,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在降低收缩压方面,体位保持器>生活方式+持续气道正压通气>持续气道正压通气>下颌推进装置>安慰对照>口腔矫正器>针灸>减肥疗法>气道肌肉锻炼。体位保持器较安慰对照效果好,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其他干预措施之间差异无统计学意义。结论:现有证据表明,持续气道正压通气呼吸模式单独干预或联合生活方式干预对降低OSA病人舒张压和收缩压的效果较稳定。展开更多
Chinese domestic legislation on the judicial applicability of international treaties has been unsettled,especially under the Civil Code,which is silent on this issue.However,previous studies have depicted an image of ...Chinese domestic legislation on the judicial applicability of international treaties has been unsettled,especially under the Civil Code,which is silent on this issue.However,previous studies have depicted an image of a“pro-CISG”attitude in Chinese legal practice,which is distinguished from the tendency to circumvent the CISG in other jurisdictions such as the U.S.This contradictory phenomenon,namely the absence of guiding norms versus the embracement of the CISG in judicial practice,is rarely discussed,especially within the context of civil codification and recent external economic challenges.To verify this paradox,a manually collected dataset of 223 court decisions from 2013 to 2023 identifies some basic characteristics of the CISG judicial applicability in China,including the application rate,legal reasoning paths,citation frequencies of specific provisions,and some qualitative observations about the judicial behaviors in the international sales dispute resolution.The main finding is that Chinese courts have been applying the CISG at an obviously higher rate,compared with both their foreign counterparts and the general rate of applying foreign law in the international civil and commercial litigations in China.To explain this gap between“law in book”and“law in action,”the context of Chinese judicial practice should be considered.Despite the vagueness of domestic legislation,the judicial policy promotion,the innovative guiding cases system,the legal transplantation,and other factors may contribute to the“pro-CISG”attitude.As for the future promotion of CISG in the Chinese style of international commercial dispute resolution,these factors may coordinate with the legislative improvements.展开更多
文摘目的:使用贝叶斯网络Meta分析方法评价非手术干预措施对阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停(OSA)病人血压的影响。方法:系统检索PubMed、the Cochrane Library、EMbase、Web of Science、中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)、中国知网、万方数据库7个中英文数据库,检索自建库至2021年12月31日所有关于非手术干预措施对OSA病人血压影响的随机对照试验。使用Cochrane风险评估量表对纳入文献进行质量评价,应用Stata15.0进行网状关系图形绘制,Gemtc13.4进行统计分析。结果:共纳入文献19篇,涉及7种单项干预措施、1种联合干预措施和安慰对照。网状Meta分析结果显示,在降低舒张压方面,生活方式+持续气道正压通气>持续气道正压通气>下颌推进装置>安慰对照>口腔矫正器=针灸>吸气肌锻炼>体位保持器>减肥疗法,持续气道正压通气相比体位保持器组和安慰对照组对降低舒张压效果较好,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在降低收缩压方面,体位保持器>生活方式+持续气道正压通气>持续气道正压通气>下颌推进装置>安慰对照>口腔矫正器>针灸>减肥疗法>气道肌肉锻炼。体位保持器较安慰对照效果好,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其他干预措施之间差异无统计学意义。结论:现有证据表明,持续气道正压通气呼吸模式单独干预或联合生活方式干预对降低OSA病人舒张压和收缩压的效果较稳定。
文摘Chinese domestic legislation on the judicial applicability of international treaties has been unsettled,especially under the Civil Code,which is silent on this issue.However,previous studies have depicted an image of a“pro-CISG”attitude in Chinese legal practice,which is distinguished from the tendency to circumvent the CISG in other jurisdictions such as the U.S.This contradictory phenomenon,namely the absence of guiding norms versus the embracement of the CISG in judicial practice,is rarely discussed,especially within the context of civil codification and recent external economic challenges.To verify this paradox,a manually collected dataset of 223 court decisions from 2013 to 2023 identifies some basic characteristics of the CISG judicial applicability in China,including the application rate,legal reasoning paths,citation frequencies of specific provisions,and some qualitative observations about the judicial behaviors in the international sales dispute resolution.The main finding is that Chinese courts have been applying the CISG at an obviously higher rate,compared with both their foreign counterparts and the general rate of applying foreign law in the international civil and commercial litigations in China.To explain this gap between“law in book”and“law in action,”the context of Chinese judicial practice should be considered.Despite the vagueness of domestic legislation,the judicial policy promotion,the innovative guiding cases system,the legal transplantation,and other factors may contribute to the“pro-CISG”attitude.As for the future promotion of CISG in the Chinese style of international commercial dispute resolution,these factors may coordinate with the legislative improvements.
