Hepatitis E virus(HEV),responsible for widespread viral hepatitis,infects approximately 2.3 billion individuals globally,with a significant mortality burden in Asia.The virus,primarily transmitted through contaminated...Hepatitis E virus(HEV),responsible for widespread viral hepatitis,infects approximately 2.3 billion individuals globally,with a significant mortality burden in Asia.The virus,primarily transmitted through contaminated water and undercooked meat,is often underdiagnosed,particularly in immunocompromised patients.Current HEV treatments,while effective,are limited by adverse effects,necessitating research into safer alternatives.Moreover,HEV’s extrahepatic manifestations,impacting the nervous and renal systems,remain poorly understood.This study underscores the imperative for enhanced HEV research,improved diagnostic methods,and more effective treatments,coupled with increased public health awareness and preventive strategies.展开更多
Objective:An increasing number of studies indicate that autophagy plays an important role in the pathogenesis of spinal cord injury,and that regulating autophagy can enhance recovery from spinal cord injury.However,th...Objective:An increasing number of studies indicate that autophagy plays an important role in the pathogenesis of spinal cord injury,and that regulating autophagy can enhance recovery from spinal cord injury.However,the effect of regulating autophagy and whether autophagy is detrimental or beneficial after spinal cord injury remain unclear.Therefore,in this study we evaluated the effects of autophagy regulation on spinal cord injury in rats by direct and indirect comparison,in an effort to provide a basis for further research.Data source:Relevant literature published from inception to February 1,2018 were included by searching Wanfang,CNKI,Web of Science,MEDLINE(OvidSP),PubMed and Google Scholar in English and Chinese.The keywords included"autophagy","spinal cord injury",and"rat".Data selection:The literature included in vivo experimental studies on autophagy regulation in the treatment of spinal cord injury(including intervention pre-and post-spinal cord injury).Meta-analyses were conducted at different time points to compare the therapeutic effects of promoting or inhibiting autophagy,and subgroup analyses were also conducted.Outcome measure:Basso,Beattie,and Bresnahan scores.Results:Of the 622 studies,33 studies of median quality were included in the analyses.Basso,Beattie,and Bresnahan scores were higher at 1 day(MD=1.80,95%CI:0.81-2.79,P=0.0004),3 days(MD=0.92,95%CI:0.72-1.13,P<0.00001),1 week(MD=2.39,95%CI:1.85-2.92,P<0.00001),2 weeks(MD=3.26,95%CI:2.40-4.13,P<0.00001),3 weeks(MD=3.13,95%CI:2.51-3.75,P<0.00001)and 4 weeks(MD=3.18,95%CI:2.43-3.92,P<0.00001)after spinal cord injury with upregulation of autophagy compared with the control group(drug solvent control,such as saline group).Basso,Beattie,and Bresnahan scores were higher at 1 day(MD=6.48,95%CI:5.83-7.13,P<0.00001),2 weeks(MD=2.43,95%CI:0.79-4.07,P=0.004),3 weeks(MD=2.96,95%CI:0.09-5.84,P=0.04)and 4 weeks(MD=4.41,95%CI:1.08-7.75,P=0.01)after spinal cord injury with downregulation of autophagy compared with the control group.Indirect comparison of upregulation and downregulation of autophagy showed no differences in Basso,Beattie,and Bresnahan scores at 1 day(MD=-4.68,95%CI:-5.840 to-3.496,P=0.94644),3 days(MD=-0.28,95%CI:-2.231-1.671,P=0.99448),1 week(MD=1.83,95%CI:0.0076-3.584,P=0.94588),2 weeks(MD=0.81,95%CI:-0.850-2.470,P=0.93055),3 weeks(MD=0.17,95%Cl:-2.771-3.111,P=0.99546)or 4 weeks(MD=-1.23,95%Cl:-4.647-2.187,P=0.98264)compared with the control group.Conclusion:Regulation of autophagy improves neurological function,whether it is upregulated or downregulated.There was no difference between upregulation and downregulation of autophagy in the treatment of spinal cord injury.The variability in results among the studies may be associated with differences in research methods,the lack of clearly defined autophagy characteristics after spinal cord injury,and the limited autophagy monitoring techniques.Thus,methods should be standardized,and the dynamic regulation of autophagy should be examined in future studies.展开更多
The design of exhaust hood is a typical high dimensional,expensive computational and black box problem.Multi-Point Search based Efficient Global Optimization(MSEGO)is proposed to solve this problem.MSEGO is used for t...The design of exhaust hood is a typical high dimensional,expensive computational and black box problem.Multi-Point Search based Efficient Global Optimization(MSEGO)is proposed to solve this problem.MSEGO is used for the aerodynamic performance optimization of a low exhaust hood with non-axisymmetric outer flow guider.After optimization,the static pressure coefficient of the exhaust hood increases by 284.54%,and the aerodynamic performance analysis explains the reason of the improvement.Further,the analysis of variance(ANOVA)as the data mining technique is used to extract information of design space and analyze the influence of variables on the performance.Though aerodynamic performance analysis and data mining,it indicates that non-axisymmetric outer flow guider and the width of outer hood has a significant effect on the aerodynamic performance.Thereby,design lessons are derived and accumulated for the optimization of similar designs.展开更多
Three alternating conjugated polymers,namely PFTP,PCz TP,and PSi TP,which combine a thieno[3,4-b]pyrazine(TP)unit with different benzene-based donor units such as 9,9-dioctylfluorene,9-heptadecyl-9H-carbazole and 5,5-...Three alternating conjugated polymers,namely PFTP,PCz TP,and PSi TP,which combine a thieno[3,4-b]pyrazine(TP)unit with different benzene-based donor units such as 9,9-dioctylfluorene,9-heptadecyl-9H-carbazole and 5,5-dioctyl-5H-dibenzo[b,d]silole,were synthesized in good yield(>85%)and high molecular weight up to Mn=5.82×10^(4) via direct arylation polymerization(DAr P).All the resultant polymers exhibit moderate bandgap of about 1.80 e V and strong deep red/near-infrared emitting in the solid state.Among them,the PSi TP-based electroluminescence(EL)devices with an architecture of ITO/PEDOT:PSS/PTAA/emitting layer/TPBi/Li F/Al give the best performance with a maximum luminance of 2543 cd/m^(2) at 478 m A/cm^(2).This work expands the application scope of high-performance conjugated polymers which can be synthesized by DAr P.展开更多
Highly regioregular, head-to-tail coupled poly（3-octylesterthiophene） was synthesized by the Pd-catalysed oxidative C--H/C--H coupling polycondensation. The regioregularity of polymer products was confirmed by the 1...Highly regioregular, head-to-tail coupled poly（3-octylesterthiophene） was synthesized by the Pd-catalysed oxidative C--H/C--H coupling polycondensation. The regioregularity of polymer products was confirmed by the 1H-NMR technique. Furthermore, the effects of various reaction factors including polymerization temperature, solvents and catalysts etc. on the yield, molecular weight and structural regioregularity of the resultant polymers were systematically studied. The optical, electrochemical and crystallization properties of the resultant P3OET with different HT regioregularities in solution and film state were studied by UV-Vis and fluorescent spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry and X-ray diffraction （XRD）, resepectively.展开更多
Deepwater oilfields will become main sources of the world's oil and gas production.It is characterized with high technology,huge investment,long duration,high risk and high profit.It is a huge system project,inclu...Deepwater oilfields will become main sources of the world's oil and gas production.It is characterized with high technology,huge investment,long duration,high risk and high profit.It is a huge system project,including exploration and appraising,field development plan(FDP)design,implementation,reservoir management and optimization.Actually,limited data,international environment and oil price will cause much uncertainty for FDP design and production management.Any unreasonable decision will cause huge loss.Thus,risk foreseeing and mitigation strategies become more important.This paper takes AKPO and EGINA as examples to analyze the main uncertainties,proposes mitigation strategies,and provides valuable experiences for the other deepwater oilfields development.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82272396and the Youth Medical Talent of Jiangsu Province,No.QNRC2016475.
文摘Hepatitis E virus(HEV),responsible for widespread viral hepatitis,infects approximately 2.3 billion individuals globally,with a significant mortality burden in Asia.The virus,primarily transmitted through contaminated water and undercooked meat,is often underdiagnosed,particularly in immunocompromised patients.Current HEV treatments,while effective,are limited by adverse effects,necessitating research into safer alternatives.Moreover,HEV’s extrahepatic manifestations,impacting the nervous and renal systems,remain poorly understood.This study underscores the imperative for enhanced HEV research,improved diagnostic methods,and more effective treatments,coupled with increased public health awareness and preventive strategies.
基金supported by the Beijing Excellent Talent Training Foundation of China,No.2017000021469G215(to DZhang)the Natural Science Foundation of Capital Medical University of China,No.PYZ2018081(to DZhang)the Youth Science Foundation of Beijing Tiantan Hospital of China,No.2016-YQN-14(to DZhang)
文摘Objective:An increasing number of studies indicate that autophagy plays an important role in the pathogenesis of spinal cord injury,and that regulating autophagy can enhance recovery from spinal cord injury.However,the effect of regulating autophagy and whether autophagy is detrimental or beneficial after spinal cord injury remain unclear.Therefore,in this study we evaluated the effects of autophagy regulation on spinal cord injury in rats by direct and indirect comparison,in an effort to provide a basis for further research.Data source:Relevant literature published from inception to February 1,2018 were included by searching Wanfang,CNKI,Web of Science,MEDLINE(OvidSP),PubMed and Google Scholar in English and Chinese.The keywords included"autophagy","spinal cord injury",and"rat".Data selection:The literature included in vivo experimental studies on autophagy regulation in the treatment of spinal cord injury(including intervention pre-and post-spinal cord injury).Meta-analyses were conducted at different time points to compare the therapeutic effects of promoting or inhibiting autophagy,and subgroup analyses were also conducted.Outcome measure:Basso,Beattie,and Bresnahan scores.Results:Of the 622 studies,33 studies of median quality were included in the analyses.Basso,Beattie,and Bresnahan scores were higher at 1 day(MD=1.80,95%CI:0.81-2.79,P=0.0004),3 days(MD=0.92,95%CI:0.72-1.13,P<0.00001),1 week(MD=2.39,95%CI:1.85-2.92,P<0.00001),2 weeks(MD=3.26,95%CI:2.40-4.13,P<0.00001),3 weeks(MD=3.13,95%CI:2.51-3.75,P<0.00001)and 4 weeks(MD=3.18,95%CI:2.43-3.92,P<0.00001)after spinal cord injury with upregulation of autophagy compared with the control group(drug solvent control,such as saline group).Basso,Beattie,and Bresnahan scores were higher at 1 day(MD=6.48,95%CI:5.83-7.13,P<0.00001),2 weeks(MD=2.43,95%CI:0.79-4.07,P=0.004),3 weeks(MD=2.96,95%CI:0.09-5.84,P=0.04)and 4 weeks(MD=4.41,95%CI:1.08-7.75,P=0.01)after spinal cord injury with downregulation of autophagy compared with the control group.Indirect comparison of upregulation and downregulation of autophagy showed no differences in Basso,Beattie,and Bresnahan scores at 1 day(MD=-4.68,95%CI:-5.840 to-3.496,P=0.94644),3 days(MD=-0.28,95%CI:-2.231-1.671,P=0.99448),1 week(MD=1.83,95%CI:0.0076-3.584,P=0.94588),2 weeks(MD=0.81,95%CI:-0.850-2.470,P=0.93055),3 weeks(MD=0.17,95%Cl:-2.771-3.111,P=0.99546)or 4 weeks(MD=-1.23,95%Cl:-4.647-2.187,P=0.98264)compared with the control group.Conclusion:Regulation of autophagy improves neurological function,whether it is upregulated or downregulated.There was no difference between upregulation and downregulation of autophagy in the treatment of spinal cord injury.The variability in results among the studies may be associated with differences in research methods,the lack of clearly defined autophagy characteristics after spinal cord injury,and the limited autophagy monitoring techniques.Thus,methods should be standardized,and the dynamic regulation of autophagy should be examined in future studies.
文摘The design of exhaust hood is a typical high dimensional,expensive computational and black box problem.Multi-Point Search based Efficient Global Optimization(MSEGO)is proposed to solve this problem.MSEGO is used for the aerodynamic performance optimization of a low exhaust hood with non-axisymmetric outer flow guider.After optimization,the static pressure coefficient of the exhaust hood increases by 284.54%,and the aerodynamic performance analysis explains the reason of the improvement.Further,the analysis of variance(ANOVA)as the data mining technique is used to extract information of design space and analyze the influence of variables on the performance.Though aerodynamic performance analysis and data mining,it indicates that non-axisymmetric outer flow guider and the width of outer hood has a significant effect on the aerodynamic performance.Thereby,design lessons are derived and accumulated for the optimization of similar designs.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21604063 and 52173010)the Program for Prominent Young College Teachers of Tianjin Educational Committee。
文摘Three alternating conjugated polymers,namely PFTP,PCz TP,and PSi TP,which combine a thieno[3,4-b]pyrazine(TP)unit with different benzene-based donor units such as 9,9-dioctylfluorene,9-heptadecyl-9H-carbazole and 5,5-dioctyl-5H-dibenzo[b,d]silole,were synthesized in good yield(>85%)and high molecular weight up to Mn=5.82×10^(4) via direct arylation polymerization(DAr P).All the resultant polymers exhibit moderate bandgap of about 1.80 e V and strong deep red/near-infrared emitting in the solid state.Among them,the PSi TP-based electroluminescence(EL)devices with an architecture of ITO/PEDOT:PSS/PTAA/emitting layer/TPBi/Li F/Al give the best performance with a maximum luminance of 2543 cd/m^(2) at 478 m A/cm^(2).This work expands the application scope of high-performance conjugated polymers which can be synthesized by DAr P.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21604063 and 51373122)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2016M591392)
文摘Highly regioregular, head-to-tail coupled poly（3-octylesterthiophene） was synthesized by the Pd-catalysed oxidative C--H/C--H coupling polycondensation. The regioregularity of polymer products was confirmed by the 1H-NMR technique. Furthermore, the effects of various reaction factors including polymerization temperature, solvents and catalysts etc. on the yield, molecular weight and structural regioregularity of the resultant polymers were systematically studied. The optical, electrochemical and crystallization properties of the resultant P3OET with different HT regioregularities in solution and film state were studied by UV-Vis and fluorescent spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry and X-ray diffraction （XRD）, resepectively.
文摘Deepwater oilfields will become main sources of the world's oil and gas production.It is characterized with high technology,huge investment,long duration,high risk and high profit.It is a huge system project,including exploration and appraising,field development plan(FDP)design,implementation,reservoir management and optimization.Actually,limited data,international environment and oil price will cause much uncertainty for FDP design and production management.Any unreasonable decision will cause huge loss.Thus,risk foreseeing and mitigation strategies become more important.This paper takes AKPO and EGINA as examples to analyze the main uncertainties,proposes mitigation strategies,and provides valuable experiences for the other deepwater oilfields development.
