Grain weight is one of the key components of wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)yield.Genetic manipulation of grain weight is an efficient approach for improving yield potential in breeding programs.A recombinant inbred line(...Grain weight is one of the key components of wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)yield.Genetic manipulation of grain weight is an efficient approach for improving yield potential in breeding programs.A recombinant inbred line(RIL)population derived from a cross between W7268 and Chuanyu 12(CY12)was employed to detect quantitative trait loci(QTLs)for thousand-grain weight(TGW),grain length(GL),grain width(GW),and the ratio of grain length to width(GLW)in six environments.Seven major QTLs,QGl.cib-2D,QGw.cib-2D,QGw.cib-3B,QGw.cib-4B.1,QGlw.cib-2D.1,QTgw.cib-2D.1 and QTgw.cib-3B.1,were consistently identified in at least four environments and the best linear unbiased estimation(BLUE)datasets,and they explained 2.61 to 34.85%of the phenotypic variance.Significant interactions were detected between the two major TGW QTLs and three major GW loci.In addition,QTgw.cib-3B.1 and QGw.cib-3B were co-located,and the improved TGW at this locus was contributed by GW.Unlike other loci,QTgw.cib-3B.1/QGw.cib-3B had no effect on grain number per spike(GNS).They were further validated in advanced lines using Kompetitive Allele Specific PCR(KASP)markers,and a comparison analysis indicated that QTgw.cib-3B.1/QGw.cib-3B is likely a novel locus.Six haplotypes were identified in the region of this QTL and their distribution frequencies varied between the landraces and cultivars.According to gene annotation,spatial expression patterns,ortholog analysis and sequence variation,the candidate gene of QTgw.cib-3B.1/QGw.cib-3B was predicted.Collectively,the major QTLs and KASP markers reported here provide valuable information for elucidating the genetic architecture of grain weight and for molecular marker-assisted breeding in grain yield improvement.展开更多
Grain size and weight are key components of wheat yield.Exploitation of major underlying quantitative trait loci(QTL)can improve yield potential in wheat breeding.A recombinant inbred line(RIL)population was construct...Grain size and weight are key components of wheat yield.Exploitation of major underlying quantitative trait loci(QTL)can improve yield potential in wheat breeding.A recombinant inbred line(RIL)population was constructed to detect QTL for thousand-grain weight(TGW),grain length(GL)and grain width(GW)across eight environments.Genomic regions associated with grain size and grain weight were identified on chromosomes 4A and 6A using bulked segregant exome sequencing(BSE-Seq)analysis.After constructing genetic maps,six major QTL detected in at least four individual environments and in best linear unbiased estimator(BLUE)datasets,explained 7.50%-23.45%of the phenotypic variation.Except for QGl.cib-4A,the other five QTL were co-located in two regions,namely QTgw/Gw.cib-4A and QTgw/Gw/Gl.cib-6A.Interactions of these QTL were analyzed.Unlike QTgw/Gw/Gl.cib-6A,QTgw/Gw.cib-4A and QGl.cib-4A had no effect on grain number per spike(GNS).The QTL were validated in a second cross using Kompetitive Allele Specific PCR(KASP)markers.Since QTgw/Gw.cib-4A was probably a novel locus,it and the KASP markers reported here can be used in wheat breeding.TraesCS4A03G0191200 was predicted to be potential candidate gene for QTgw/Gw.cib-4A based on the sequence differences,spatiotemporal expression patterns,gene annotation and haplotype analysis.Our findings will be useful for fine mapping and for marker-assisted selection in wheat grain yield improvement.展开更多
目的观察吸入噻托溴铵粉吸入剂治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病与阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停(COPD-OSAHS)重叠综合征患者的肺功能、血气分析的变化,了解其临床意义。方法采用随机对照研究69例COPD-OSAHS重叠综合征患者,将患者分为治疗组(入组44例,完成36...目的观察吸入噻托溴铵粉吸入剂治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病与阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停(COPD-OSAHS)重叠综合征患者的肺功能、血气分析的变化,了解其临床意义。方法采用随机对照研究69例COPD-OSAHS重叠综合征患者,将患者分为治疗组(入组44例,完成36例)及对照组(入组39例,完成33例)。治疗组在常规治疗基础上加用噻托溴铵吸入剂(每天1粒,规格:每粒18μg),对照组使用常规治疗。总观察时间12周,观察治疗后患者PaO_2、PaCO_2、FEV1%pre、FEV1/FVC有无差异。结果治疗后治疗组PaO_2(10.05±1.15) k Pa、PaCO_2(5.85±0.90) k Pa、FEV1%pre(52.73±6.72)%、FEV1/FVC(56.52±4.27)%及对照组PaO_2(9.26±1.14) kPa、PaCO_2(5.98±1.00) k Pa、FEV1%pre (48. 12±6. 45)%、FEV1/FVC(54. 29±8.18)%与治疗前比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);比较两组各项指标治疗前后的差值,其差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论吸入噻托溴铵可以改善COPD-OSAHS重叠综合征患者的低氧血症、二氧化碳潴留、高碳酸血症以及肺功能。展开更多
The purpose of this study was to identify the consistency of invasive dynamic blood pressure (BP) monitoring between the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) and the common carotid artery (CCA). METHODS: Eight male Spragu...The purpose of this study was to identify the consistency of invasive dynamic blood pressure (BP) monitoring between the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) and the common carotid artery (CCA). METHODS: Eight male Sprague-Dawley rats were cannulated in SMA and CCA simultaneously for BP monitoring, respectively. The abdominal aorta was prepared for the induction of BP change through clamping/de-clamping by a microvascular clip. The dynamic BP monitoring was performed by a polygraph system. Systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and mean arterial pressure (MAP) values would be recorded during different time periods: the baseline (T1), the increasing period after clamping (T2), the platform period during clamping (T3), the decreasing period after de-clamping (T4), and the final platform period (T5). Three trials were performed on each rat with 15-minute intervals between consecutive monitoring. RESULTS: Systolic BP showed no significant differences between SMA and CCA. However, significant difference was found in diastolic blood pressure except at T5 (P=0.534). Mean arterial pressure of two arteries were signi cantly different only at T1 (P=0.015). The strength of association was significantly high between BP measurements through SMA and CCA (P<0.001). The Bland- Altman analyses showed that mean bias of MAP changed no more than 5 mmHg and standard deviation less than 8 mmHg during T2 and T4, respectively. CONCLUSION: The study indicates SMA might be an alternative site for invasive BP monitoring during abdominal aorta occlusion and release, especially in cerebrovascular-related research.展开更多
设计一种测量助焊剂高温下分解压力的装置,模拟药芯焊锡丝中助焊剂在焊接温度下封闭环境中所产生的变化,探究了加入不同松香和有机酸对助焊剂高温下分解产生压力的影响,采用扩展率实验,对以不同松香作为载体助焊剂的活性和焊后残留进行...设计一种测量助焊剂高温下分解压力的装置,模拟药芯焊锡丝中助焊剂在焊接温度下封闭环境中所产生的变化,探究了加入不同松香和有机酸对助焊剂高温下分解产生压力的影响,采用扩展率实验,对以不同松香作为载体助焊剂的活性和焊后残留进行研究。结果表明含有改性松香的助焊剂分解产生压力比普通松香小,其中氢化松香甘油酯的加入对助焊剂分解压力减小最有利,最终压力为16 k Pa。实验中比较的三种有机酸活性剂,含有高沸点辛二酸的助焊剂分解压力最低为17 k Pa,扩展率实验显示改性松香残留较少,扩展率与无色氢化松香相近。文中设计了三种分解蒸汽压值不同的助焊剂,并灌芯拉丝制成锡丝后进行飞溅率测试,结果表明分解蒸汽压值较低,所制锡丝的飞溅率也较低,消泡剂的加入对减少助焊剂的飞溅率有显著作用,三款助焊剂的分解蒸汽压值最高分别为34、27和26 k Pa,锡丝的飞溅率分别为0.67%,0.32%,0.30%。展开更多
基金supported by the Major Program of National Agricultural Science and Technology of China(NK20220607)the West Light Foundation of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(2022XBZG_XBQNXZ_A_001)the Sichuan Science and Technology Program,China(2022ZDZX0014)。
文摘Grain weight is one of the key components of wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)yield.Genetic manipulation of grain weight is an efficient approach for improving yield potential in breeding programs.A recombinant inbred line(RIL)population derived from a cross between W7268 and Chuanyu 12(CY12)was employed to detect quantitative trait loci(QTLs)for thousand-grain weight(TGW),grain length(GL),grain width(GW),and the ratio of grain length to width(GLW)in six environments.Seven major QTLs,QGl.cib-2D,QGw.cib-2D,QGw.cib-3B,QGw.cib-4B.1,QGlw.cib-2D.1,QTgw.cib-2D.1 and QTgw.cib-3B.1,were consistently identified in at least four environments and the best linear unbiased estimation(BLUE)datasets,and they explained 2.61 to 34.85%of the phenotypic variance.Significant interactions were detected between the two major TGW QTLs and three major GW loci.In addition,QTgw.cib-3B.1 and QGw.cib-3B were co-located,and the improved TGW at this locus was contributed by GW.Unlike other loci,QTgw.cib-3B.1/QGw.cib-3B had no effect on grain number per spike(GNS).They were further validated in advanced lines using Kompetitive Allele Specific PCR(KASP)markers,and a comparison analysis indicated that QTgw.cib-3B.1/QGw.cib-3B is likely a novel locus.Six haplotypes were identified in the region of this QTL and their distribution frequencies varied between the landraces and cultivars.According to gene annotation,spatial expression patterns,ortholog analysis and sequence variation,the candidate gene of QTgw.cib-3B.1/QGw.cib-3B was predicted.Collectively,the major QTLs and KASP markers reported here provide valuable information for elucidating the genetic architecture of grain weight and for molecular marker-assisted breeding in grain yield improvement.
基金supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA24030402)Sichuan Science and Technology Program.
文摘Grain size and weight are key components of wheat yield.Exploitation of major underlying quantitative trait loci(QTL)can improve yield potential in wheat breeding.A recombinant inbred line(RIL)population was constructed to detect QTL for thousand-grain weight(TGW),grain length(GL)and grain width(GW)across eight environments.Genomic regions associated with grain size and grain weight were identified on chromosomes 4A and 6A using bulked segregant exome sequencing(BSE-Seq)analysis.After constructing genetic maps,six major QTL detected in at least four individual environments and in best linear unbiased estimator(BLUE)datasets,explained 7.50%-23.45%of the phenotypic variation.Except for QGl.cib-4A,the other five QTL were co-located in two regions,namely QTgw/Gw.cib-4A and QTgw/Gw/Gl.cib-6A.Interactions of these QTL were analyzed.Unlike QTgw/Gw/Gl.cib-6A,QTgw/Gw.cib-4A and QGl.cib-4A had no effect on grain number per spike(GNS).The QTL were validated in a second cross using Kompetitive Allele Specific PCR(KASP)markers.Since QTgw/Gw.cib-4A was probably a novel locus,it and the KASP markers reported here can be used in wheat breeding.TraesCS4A03G0191200 was predicted to be potential candidate gene for QTgw/Gw.cib-4A based on the sequence differences,spatiotemporal expression patterns,gene annotation and haplotype analysis.Our findings will be useful for fine mapping and for marker-assisted selection in wheat grain yield improvement.
文摘目的观察吸入噻托溴铵粉吸入剂治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病与阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停(COPD-OSAHS)重叠综合征患者的肺功能、血气分析的变化,了解其临床意义。方法采用随机对照研究69例COPD-OSAHS重叠综合征患者,将患者分为治疗组(入组44例,完成36例)及对照组(入组39例,完成33例)。治疗组在常规治疗基础上加用噻托溴铵吸入剂(每天1粒,规格:每粒18μg),对照组使用常规治疗。总观察时间12周,观察治疗后患者PaO_2、PaCO_2、FEV1%pre、FEV1/FVC有无差异。结果治疗后治疗组PaO_2(10.05±1.15) k Pa、PaCO_2(5.85±0.90) k Pa、FEV1%pre(52.73±6.72)%、FEV1/FVC(56.52±4.27)%及对照组PaO_2(9.26±1.14) kPa、PaCO_2(5.98±1.00) k Pa、FEV1%pre (48. 12±6. 45)%、FEV1/FVC(54. 29±8.18)%与治疗前比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);比较两组各项指标治疗前后的差值,其差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论吸入噻托溴铵可以改善COPD-OSAHS重叠综合征患者的低氧血症、二氧化碳潴留、高碳酸血症以及肺功能。
基金supported by Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University Science,Technology and Innovation Seed Fund,Project(cxpy2017039)
文摘The purpose of this study was to identify the consistency of invasive dynamic blood pressure (BP) monitoring between the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) and the common carotid artery (CCA). METHODS: Eight male Sprague-Dawley rats were cannulated in SMA and CCA simultaneously for BP monitoring, respectively. The abdominal aorta was prepared for the induction of BP change through clamping/de-clamping by a microvascular clip. The dynamic BP monitoring was performed by a polygraph system. Systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and mean arterial pressure (MAP) values would be recorded during different time periods: the baseline (T1), the increasing period after clamping (T2), the platform period during clamping (T3), the decreasing period after de-clamping (T4), and the final platform period (T5). Three trials were performed on each rat with 15-minute intervals between consecutive monitoring. RESULTS: Systolic BP showed no significant differences between SMA and CCA. However, significant difference was found in diastolic blood pressure except at T5 (P=0.534). Mean arterial pressure of two arteries were signi cantly different only at T1 (P=0.015). The strength of association was significantly high between BP measurements through SMA and CCA (P<0.001). The Bland- Altman analyses showed that mean bias of MAP changed no more than 5 mmHg and standard deviation less than 8 mmHg during T2 and T4, respectively. CONCLUSION: The study indicates SMA might be an alternative site for invasive BP monitoring during abdominal aorta occlusion and release, especially in cerebrovascular-related research.
文摘设计一种测量助焊剂高温下分解压力的装置,模拟药芯焊锡丝中助焊剂在焊接温度下封闭环境中所产生的变化,探究了加入不同松香和有机酸对助焊剂高温下分解产生压力的影响,采用扩展率实验,对以不同松香作为载体助焊剂的活性和焊后残留进行研究。结果表明含有改性松香的助焊剂分解产生压力比普通松香小,其中氢化松香甘油酯的加入对助焊剂分解压力减小最有利,最终压力为16 k Pa。实验中比较的三种有机酸活性剂,含有高沸点辛二酸的助焊剂分解压力最低为17 k Pa,扩展率实验显示改性松香残留较少,扩展率与无色氢化松香相近。文中设计了三种分解蒸汽压值不同的助焊剂,并灌芯拉丝制成锡丝后进行飞溅率测试,结果表明分解蒸汽压值较低,所制锡丝的飞溅率也较低,消泡剂的加入对减少助焊剂的飞溅率有显著作用,三款助焊剂的分解蒸汽压值最高分别为34、27和26 k Pa,锡丝的飞溅率分别为0.67%,0.32%,0.30%。
