A number of internal signals are required for seed germination.However,the precise signalling responses in the initial imbibition of seed germination are not yet fully understood in rice.In this study,the RNA sequenci...A number of internal signals are required for seed germination.However,the precise signalling responses in the initial imbibition of seed germination are not yet fully understood in rice.In this study,the RNA sequencing(RNA-Seq)approach was conducted in 8 h imbibed seeds to understand the signalling responses in the initial imbibition of rice seed germination.A total of 563 differentially expressed genes(DEGs)with at least 4-fold change were identified in 8 h imbibed seeds compared to dry seeds.MapMan analysis revealed that the majority of signalling response-related DEGs were hormone-and transcription factor-related genes,in which the largest number of DEGs belong to the AP2-domain-containing regulators,and their expressions were significantly induced in the initial imbibition of seed germination in rice.Moreover,at least five AP2-domain-containing transcription factor OsDREBs were identified in the initial imbibition of rice seed germination,and the expressions of 251 DEGs were putatively regulated by OsDREBs through the dehydration-responsive element(DRE)cis-element assay.It suggested that the OsDREBs might play important roles in the regulation of initial seed imbibition in rice.The identified genes provide a valuable resource to study the signalling regulation of seed germination in the future.展开更多
Guizhou Province, located in the southwestern China, is an important mercury (Hg) production center. High levels of Hg were found in local environmental and biomass samples. The neurobiological disruptions induced in ...Guizhou Province, located in the southwestern China, is an important mercury (Hg) production center. High levels of Hg were found in local environmental and biomass samples. The neurobiological disruptions induced in brains of rats fed with Hg polluted rice collected from two experimental plots in Guizhou Province were studied. The plots are close to the Hg mine of Wanshang area and a chemical plant (where Hg is used as a catalyst for the pro-duction of acetaldehyde) of Qingzhen area. Rats were fed for 30 d before toxicological end points were tested. The results showed that the accumulations of Hg in rat’s brain of Qingzhen chemical plant group and Wanshang mine group were significantly higher than those of Shanghai group (con-trol group) (P<0.01). The neural transmitters, including ace-tylcholine (Ach), acetylcholine enzyme (AchE), nitric oxide and nitricoxide synthase (NOS), in rat’s brain were signifi-cantly affected. Oxidative stress was observed in the expo-sure groups. The expression levels of the immediately early gene (IEG), c-fos and c-FOS proteins were induced by the Hg polluted rice. It was noted that the IEG (c-fos) participated in the neurotoxic process induced by the Hg polluted rice. IEG response to Hg might be dependent on interactions between neural transmitter and oxidative damage. c-fos could be used as an effective index of detecting and assessing the neurotox-icity of Hg. The results suggested that it should be alert to mental health problem in human beings eating Hg-polluted food. More efforts are necessary to protect the local ecosys-tem and human health in the Hg polluted areas such as Wangshan and Qingzhen in Guizhou Province of China.展开更多
Organoarsenics are widely used as growth promoters in poultry industry,resulting in arsenic(As)accumulation in poultry litter.A greenhouse pot study was implemented to investigate the fate of arsenic originated from p...Organoarsenics are widely used as growth promoters in poultry industry,resulting in arsenic(As)accumulation in poultry litter.A greenhouse pot study was implemented to investigate the fate of arsenic originated from poultry litter and their effects on the growth of Brassica napus(oilseed rape),and assess their potential health risks.Five poultry litter application rates(0,5%,10%,20%and 40%)were used,dividing into two groups:one for soil incubation(SI)and the other for plant cultivation(PC).Experimental results indicated that the total arsenic for composted poultry litter was(10.94±0.23)mg/kg,As(V)and As(III)decreased while methylated arsenic increased after 21 d in SI and PC treatments.Seed germination rates were negatively correlated with monomethylarsenic acid(MMA,R2=0.63,p<0.05).The length and biomass of roots and shoots were significantly inhibited by poultry litter,but plant length of 5%treatments was slightly stimulated.Within an average weekly intake of 0.5 kg Brassica napuss,the risk quotient(RQ)values induced from roots nearly all surpassed the acceptable limit(1),were two orders magnitude higher than shoots.According to the potential risk to order,child exhibited the highest risk,adolescent ranked secondly,and adult exhibited the lowest risk.Hence,people should better avoid intake Brassica napus roots to reduce arsenic potential risk.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Plan (Grant No. 2018YFD0100901)the Guangdong Province Key Research and Development Program (Grant No. 2018B020202012)+1 种基金the Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding (Grant No. GPKLPMB201903)the Major Scientific Research Projects of General Colleges and Universities of Guangdong Province (Grant No. 2017KTSCX024)
文摘A number of internal signals are required for seed germination.However,the precise signalling responses in the initial imbibition of seed germination are not yet fully understood in rice.In this study,the RNA sequencing(RNA-Seq)approach was conducted in 8 h imbibed seeds to understand the signalling responses in the initial imbibition of rice seed germination.A total of 563 differentially expressed genes(DEGs)with at least 4-fold change were identified in 8 h imbibed seeds compared to dry seeds.MapMan analysis revealed that the majority of signalling response-related DEGs were hormone-and transcription factor-related genes,in which the largest number of DEGs belong to the AP2-domain-containing regulators,and their expressions were significantly induced in the initial imbibition of seed germination in rice.Moreover,at least five AP2-domain-containing transcription factor OsDREBs were identified in the initial imbibition of rice seed germination,and the expressions of 251 DEGs were putatively regulated by OsDREBs through the dehydration-responsive element(DRE)cis-element assay.It suggested that the OsDREBs might play important roles in the regulation of initial seed imbibition in rice.The identified genes provide a valuable resource to study the signalling regulation of seed germination in the future.
基金supported by the Key and Innova tion Projects of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.KZCX3-SW-437)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.20177013).
文摘Guizhou Province, located in the southwestern China, is an important mercury (Hg) production center. High levels of Hg were found in local environmental and biomass samples. The neurobiological disruptions induced in brains of rats fed with Hg polluted rice collected from two experimental plots in Guizhou Province were studied. The plots are close to the Hg mine of Wanshang area and a chemical plant (where Hg is used as a catalyst for the pro-duction of acetaldehyde) of Qingzhen area. Rats were fed for 30 d before toxicological end points were tested. The results showed that the accumulations of Hg in rat’s brain of Qingzhen chemical plant group and Wanshang mine group were significantly higher than those of Shanghai group (con-trol group) (P<0.01). The neural transmitters, including ace-tylcholine (Ach), acetylcholine enzyme (AchE), nitric oxide and nitricoxide synthase (NOS), in rat’s brain were signifi-cantly affected. Oxidative stress was observed in the expo-sure groups. The expression levels of the immediately early gene (IEG), c-fos and c-FOS proteins were induced by the Hg polluted rice. It was noted that the IEG (c-fos) participated in the neurotoxic process induced by the Hg polluted rice. IEG response to Hg might be dependent on interactions between neural transmitter and oxidative damage. c-fos could be used as an effective index of detecting and assessing the neurotox-icity of Hg. The results suggested that it should be alert to mental health problem in human beings eating Hg-polluted food. More efforts are necessary to protect the local ecosys-tem and human health in the Hg polluted areas such as Wangshan and Qingzhen in Guizhou Province of China.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21177087)the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(2012AA101405).
文摘Organoarsenics are widely used as growth promoters in poultry industry,resulting in arsenic(As)accumulation in poultry litter.A greenhouse pot study was implemented to investigate the fate of arsenic originated from poultry litter and their effects on the growth of Brassica napus(oilseed rape),and assess their potential health risks.Five poultry litter application rates(0,5%,10%,20%and 40%)were used,dividing into two groups:one for soil incubation(SI)and the other for plant cultivation(PC).Experimental results indicated that the total arsenic for composted poultry litter was(10.94±0.23)mg/kg,As(V)and As(III)decreased while methylated arsenic increased after 21 d in SI and PC treatments.Seed germination rates were negatively correlated with monomethylarsenic acid(MMA,R2=0.63,p<0.05).The length and biomass of roots and shoots were significantly inhibited by poultry litter,but plant length of 5%treatments was slightly stimulated.Within an average weekly intake of 0.5 kg Brassica napuss,the risk quotient(RQ)values induced from roots nearly all surpassed the acceptable limit(1),were two orders magnitude higher than shoots.According to the potential risk to order,child exhibited the highest risk,adolescent ranked secondly,and adult exhibited the lowest risk.Hence,people should better avoid intake Brassica napus roots to reduce arsenic potential risk.
