AlLi-LDH中Al-O八面体环吸附锂的机制

采用共沉淀法合成铝锂层状双氢氧化物(AlLi-LDH)并进行提锂试验。AlLi-LDH的空间群为P32或C2/m,微观形貌呈直径为5~10μm的规则球形。AlLi-LDH吸附Li^(+)后,空间群转化为P32。当Li^(+)浓度为95.4 mg/L时,1 h后锂吸附量为8.98 mg/g;吸附48 h后,吸附量增加到16.50 mg/g;根据二级吸附模型预测Li^(+)吸附总量为17.57 mg/g。当Mg^(2+)/Li^(+)的质量比为1067时,Mg^(2+)/Li^(+)分离系数为29536。空间群为P32时,Li-O的相互作用强度变弱,且相互作用属于静电效应。具有P32空间基团的AlLi-LDH更容易吸附和解吸Li^(+)。

Achieving a superior Na storage performance of Fe-based Prussian blue cathode by coating perylene tetracarboxylic dianhydride amine

Fe-based Prussian blue(Fe-PB)cathode material shows great application potential in sodium(Na)-ion batteries due to its high theoretical capacity,long cycle life,low cost,and simple preparation process.However,the crystalline water and vacancies of Fe-PB lattice,the low electrical conductivity,and the dissolution of metal ions lead to limited capacity and poor cycling stability.In this work,a perylene tetracarboxylic dianhydride amine(PTCDA)coating layer is successfully fabricated on the surface of Fe-PB by a liquid-phase method.The aminated PTCDA(PTCA)coating not only increases the specific surface area and electronic conductivity but also effectively reduces the crystalline water and vacancies,which avoids the erosion of Fe-PB by electrolyte.Consequently,the PTCA layer reduces the charge transfer resistance,enhances the Na-ion diffusion coefficient,and improves the structure stability.The PTCA-coated Fe-PB exhibits superior Na storage performance with a first discharge capacity of 145.2 mAh g^(−1) at 100 mA g^(−1).Long cycling tests exhibit minimal capacity decay of 0.027%per cycle over 1000 cycles at 1 A g^(−1).Therefore,this PTCA coating strategy has shown promising competence in enhancing the electrochemical performance of Fe-PB,which can potentially serve as a universal electrode coating strategy for Na-ion batteries.

Primary myelofibrosis with concurrent CALR and MPL mutations:A case report

BACKGROUND Primary myelofibrosis(PMF)is a myeloproliferative neoplasm(MPN)characterized by recurrent mutations in the JAK2,CALR,and MPL genes.The CALR and MPL co-mutation is very rare.To our knowledge,no more than five cases have been reported.Here,we report a case of PMF in which a CALR and MPL co-mutation was detected by next-generation sequencing(NGS)technology,and a literature review was performed.CASE SUMMARY A 73-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital in 2018 due to abdominal distension.The patient had splenomegaly,lymphadenopathy,leukopenia,anemia,and immature granulocytes in peripheral blood.There were dacrocytes and atypical megakaryocytes in bone marrow,and megakaryocytic proliferation was very active,accompanied by reticulin fibrosis grade 2.By NGS analysis of the bone marrow sample,we detected mutations in CALR,MPL,and PIK3RI,while JAK2 V617F and BCR-ABL were negative.Therefore,the patient was diagnosed with PMF and received oral ruxolitinib.However,the spleen and hematologic responses were poor.We review the literature,analyze previous reports of the mutation sites in our patient and differences between our patient and other reported cases of co-mutated CALR and MPL genes,and discuss the reason why the CALR and MPL co-mutations are rare and possible mechanisms and their impact on the prognosis of patients.CONCLUSION CALR and MPL mutations can be concurrent in MPN,but they are rare.The use of NGS may help to identify more patients with co-mutated CALR and MPL genes.This will help to further explore the mechanism and its impact on these patients to develop appropriate treatment strategies.

Renal and perinephric abscesses in West China Hospital:10-year retrospective-descriptive study

AIM: To elucidate the clinical, radiological and laboratory profiles of renal abscess(RA) and perinephric abscess(PNA), along with related treatment and outcome.METHODS: Ninety-eight patients diagnosed with RA or PNA using the primary discharge diagnoses identified from the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems Tenth Edition(ICD-10) codes(RA: N15.101, PNA: N15.102) between September 2004 and December 2014 in West China Hospital were selected. Medical records including patients' characteristics, symptoms and signs, high-risk factors, radiological features, causative microorganisms and antibiotic-resistance profiles, treatment approaches, and clinical outcomes were collected and analyzed. RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 46.49 years with a male to female ratio of 41:57. Lumbar pain(76.5%) and fever(53.1%) were the most common symptoms. Other symptoms and signs included chills(28.6%), anorexia and vomiting(25.5%), lethargy(10.2%), abdominal pain(11.2%), flank mass(12.2%), flank fistula(2.0%), gross hematuria(7.1%), frequency(14.3%), dysuria(9.2%), pyuria(5.1%) and weight loss(1.0%). Painful percussion of the costovertebral angle(87.8%) was the most common physical finding. The main predisposing factors were lithiasis(48.0%), diabetes mellitus(33.7%) followed by history of urological surgery(16.3%), urinary tract infections(14.3%), renal function impairment(13.3%), liver cirrhosis(2.0%), neurogenic bladder(1.0%), renal cyst(1.0%), hydronephrosis(1.0%), chronic hepatitis B(1.0%), post-discectomy(1.0%) and post-colectomy(1.0%). Ultrasound(US) and computed tomography were the most valuable diagnostic tools and US was recommended as the initial diagnostic imaging choice. Escherichia coli(51.4%), Staphylococcus aureus(10.0%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae(8.6%) were the main causative microorganisms. Intravenous antibiotictherapy was necessary while intervention including surgical and nonsurgical approaches were reserved for larger abscesses, multiple abscesses, PNAs and nonresponders. CONCLUSION: Heightened alertness, prompt diagnosis, and especially proper antibiotics in conjunction with interventional approaches allow a promising clinical outcome of renal and perinephric abscesses.

Mechanism of Li^(+)/Na^(+)separation by crown ether and butyrate acid root

Lithium is critical for economic growth since it is the primary component of batteries.Na^(+)is one of the main impurity ions in solution during the separation and enrichment of Li^(+).According to the size-matching effect between the cavities of crown ethers and Li+,crown ethers can selectively adsorb Li^(+).Herein,1,8-dihydroxyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethylbenzo-14-crown-4 was synthesized and used to extract lithium from a Li^(+)/Na^(+)mixed solution.Density functional theory(DFT)was used to explore the properties of complexes with M062X.The results show that the interactions between crown ethers and metal ions are due to electrostatic attraction.Hydroxyl functional groups can synergistically extract Li^(+)/Na^(+)from solutions with the oxygen atom in the crown ether ring.The stability of the complex is also enhanced by van der Waals interactions between the butyrate acid root and crown ether.1,8-dihydroxyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethylbenzo-14-crown-4 has a stronger interaction with lithium butyrate than with sodium butyrate for most conformations.The adsorption selectivity for Li+is proportional to the number of ether oxygen atoms that interact with Li^(+).The Li^(+)extraction efficiency increases from 3.93%to 20.93%in lithium hydroxide solution with the presence of butyrate acid root.When the butyrate acid root is added to the mixed Li^(+)/Na^(+)solution,the Li^(+)extraction efficiency increases from 6.54%to 31.20%,while the Li^(+)/Na^(+)separation coefficient decreases from33.25 to 1.32.

Oleuropein Improves Long Term Potentiation at Perforant Path-dentate Gyrus Synapses in vivo

Objective To investigate the effect of oleuropein （OE） on long term potentiation （LTP） at hippocampal perforant path-dentate gyrus synapses in vivo. Methods An outer guide cannula, a monopolar recording electrode, and a bipolar stimulating electrode were implanted in the skull and extracellular recording technique was used to record the population spike in the dentate gyrus of anesthetized rats. Results Oleuropein significantly increased the basal synaptic transmission and the amplitude of population spike was increased from （11 7.6 ＋ 2.3）% to （134.9 _＋ 3.7）% after administration with OE. OE also accelerated LTP induction and maintenance, the population spike amplitude after high frequency stimulation was increased from （167.2 ± 12.8）% to （225.5 ± 15.5）% and the maintenance phase of LTP was from （182.1 ± 15.1）% to （210.5 ± 9.0）% respectively after administration with OE. Conclusion Present study showed that OE significantly improved different stages of LTP, which could be the molecular mechanism of its efficacy on attenuating AD-like pathology and delaying cognitive decline. OE can be a promising drug for AD and dementia.

Arginine metabolism: a potential target in pancreatic cancer therapy

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an extremely malignant disease, which has an extremely low survival rate of <9% in the United States. As a new hallmark of cancer, metabolism reprogramming exerts crucial impacts on PDAC development and progression. Notably, arginine metabolism is altered in PDAC cells and participates in vital signaling pathways. In addition, arginine and its metabolites including polyamine, creatine, agmatine, and nitric oxide regulate the proliferation, growth, autophagy, apoptosis, and metastasis of cancer cells. Due to the loss of argininosuccinate synthetase 1 (ASS1) expression, the key enzyme in arginine biosynthesis, arginine deprivation is regarded as a potential strategy for PDAC therapy. However, drug resistance develops during arginine depletion treatment, along with the re-expression of ASS1, metabolic dysfunction, and the appearance of anti-drug antibody. Additionally, arginase 1 exerts crucial roles in myeloid-derived suppressor cells, indicating its potential targeting by cancer immunotherapy. In this review, we introduce arginine metabolism and its impacts on PDAC cells. Also, we discuss the role of arginine metabolism in arginine deprivation therapy and immunotherapy for cancer.