Early brainstem hemorrhage progression:multi-sequence magnetic resonance imaging and histopathology

According to clinical statistics,the mortality of patients with early brainstem hemorrhage is high.In this study,we established rat models of brainstem hemorrhage by injecting type Ⅶ collagenase into the right basotegmental pontine and investigated the pathological changes of early brainstem hemorrhage using multi-sequence magnetic resonance imaging and histopathological methods.We found that brainstem hematoma gradually formed in the injured rats over the first 3 days and then reduced after 7 days.The edema that occurred was mainly of the vasogenic type.No complete myelin sheath structure was found around the focus of the brainstem hemorrhage.The integrity and continuity of nerve fibers gradually deteriorated over the first 7 days.Neuronal degeneration was mild in the first 3 days and then obviously aggravated on the 7^(th)day.Inflammatory cytokines,interleukin-1β,and tumor necrosis factorαappeared on the 1st day after intracerebral hemorrhage,reached peak levels on the 3^(rd)day,and decreased from the 7^(th)day.Our findings show the characteristics of the progression of early brainstem hemorrhage.

High mobility group-box 3 overexpression is associated with poor prognosis of resected gastric adenocarcinoma

AIM:To elucidate high mobility group-box 3(HMGB3) protein expression in gastric adenocarcinoma,its potential prognostic relevance,and possible mechanism of action.METHODS:Ninety-two patients with gastric adenocarcinomas surgically removed entered the study.HMGB3 expression was determined by immunohistochemistry through a tissue microarray procedure.The clinicopathologic characteristics of all patients were recorded,and regular follow-up was made for all patients.The inter-relationship of HMGB3 expression with histological and clinical factors was analyzed using nonparametric tests.Survival analysis was carried out by Kaplan-Meier(log-rank) and multivariate Cox(Forward LR) analyses between the group with overexpression of HMGB3 and the group with low or no HMGB3 ex-pression to determine the prognosis value of HMGB3 expression on overall survival.Further,HMGB3 expression was knocked down by small hairpin RNAs(shRNAs) in the human gastric cancer cell line BGC823 to observe its influence on cell biological characteristics.The MTT method was utilized to detect gastric cancer cell proliferation changes,and cell cycle distribution was analyzed by flow cytometry.RESULTS:Among 92 patients with gastric adenocarcinomas surgically removed in this study,high HMGB3 protein expression was detected in the gastric adenocarcinoma tissues vs peritumoral tissues(P < 0.001).Further correlation analysis with patients' clinical and histology variables revealed that HMGB3 overexpression was obviously associated with extensive wall penetration(P = 0.005),a positive nodal status(P = 0.004),and advanced tumor-node-metastasis(TNM) stage(P = 0.001).But there was no correlation between HMGB3 overexpression and the age and gender of the patient,tumor localization or histologic grade.Statistical Kaplan-Meier survival analysis disclosed significant differences in overall survival between the HMGB3 overexpression group and the HMGB3 no or low expression group(P = 0.006).The expected overall survival time was 31.00 ± 3.773 mo(95%CI = 23.605-38.395) for patients with HMGB3 overexpression and 49.074 ± 3.648 mo(95%CI = 41.925-57.311) for patients with HMGB3 no and low-level expression.Additionally,older age(P = 0.040),extensive wall penetration(P = 0.008),positive lymph node metastasis(P = 0.005),and advanced TNM tumor stage(P = 0.007) showed negative correlation with overall survival.Multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that HMGB3 overexpression was an independent variable with respect to age,gender,histologic grade,extent of wall penetration,lymph nodal metastasis,and TNM stage for patients with resectable gastric adenocarcinomas with poor prognosis(hazard ratio = 2.791,95%CI = 1.233-6.319,P = 0.019).In the gene function study,after HMGB3 was knocked down in the gastric cell line BGC823 by shRNA,the cell proliferation rate was reduced at 24 h,48 h and 72 h.Compared to BGC823 shRNA-negative control(NC) cells,the cell proliferation rate in cells that had HMGB3 shRNA transfected was significantly decreased(P < 0.01).Finally,cell cycle analysis by FACS showed that BGC823 cells that had HMGB3 knocked down were blocked in G1/G0 phase.The percentage of cells in G1/G0 phase in BGC823 cells with shRNA-NC and with shRNA-HMGB3 was 46.84% ± 1.7%,and 73.03% ± 3.51% respectively(P = 0.001),whereas G2/M cells percentage decreased from 26.51% ± 0.83% to 17.8% ± 2.26%.CONCLUSION:HMGB3 is likely to be a useful prognostic marker involved in gastric cancer disease onset and progression by regulating the cell cycle.

Cutaneous myiasis with eosinophilic pleural effusion:A case report

BACKGROUND Cutaneous myiasis is frequently observed;however,eosinophilic pleural effusion induced by this condition is rare.CASE SUMMARY We report the case of a 65-year-old female Tibetan patient from Qinghai Province,who presented to West China Hospital of Sichuan University around mid-November 2011 with a chief complaint of recurrent cough,occasional hemoptysis,and right chest pain.There was no past medical and surgical history of note,except for occasional dietary habit of eating raw meat.Clinical examination revealed a left lung collapse and diminished breathing sounds in her left lung,with moist rales heard in both lungs.Chest X-rays demonstrated a left hydropneumothorax and a right lung infection.Chest computed tomography revealed a left hydropneumothorax with partial compressive atelectasis and patchy consolidation on the right lung.Laboratory data revealed peripheral blood eosinophilia of 37.2%,with a white blood cell count of 10.4×109/L.Serum immunoglobulin E levels were elevated(1650 unit/mL).Serum parasite antibodies were negative except for cysticercosis immunoglobulin G.Bone marrow aspirates were hypercellular,with a marked increase in the number of mature eosinophils and eosinophilic myelocytes.An ultrasound-guided left-sided thoracentesis produced a yellow-cloudy exudative fluid.Failure to respond to antibiotic treatment during hospitalization for her symptoms and persistent blood eosinophilia led the team to start oral albendazole(400 mg/d)for presumed parasitic infestation for three consecutive days after the ninth day of hospitalization.Intermittent migratory stabbing pain and swelling sensation on both her upper arms and shoulders were reported;tender nodules and worm-like live organisms were observed in the responding sites 1 wk later.After the removal of the live organisms,they were subsequently identified as first stage hypodermal larvae by the Sichuan Institute of Parasites.The patient’s symptoms were relieved soon afterwards.Telephonic follow-up 1 mo later indicated that the blood eosinophilia and pleural effusion were resolved.CONCLUSION Eosinophilic pleural fluid can be present in a wide array of disorders.Myiasis should be an important consideration for the differential diagnosis when eosinophilic pleural effusion with blood eosinophilia is observed.

Influence of mouse nerve growth factor combined with hyperbaric oxygen on serum cytokines and cognitive function in patients with delayed encephalopathy after carbon monoxide poisoning

Objective:To study the influence of mouse nerve growth factor (mNGF) combined with hyperbaric oxygen on serum cytokines and cognitive function in patients with delayed encephalopathy after carbon monoxide poisoning (DEACMP).Methods: 218 patients with DEACMP who were treated in our hospital between June 2012 and September 2016 were chosen as research subjects and retrospectively divided into the control group (n=100) who underwent hyperbaric oxygen treatment and the observation group (n=118) who underwent mouse nerve growth factor combined with hyperbaric oxygen treatment. Serum contents of nerve injury indexes and inflammatory mediators were compared between two groups of patients and cognitive function was assessed.Results:Before treatment, differences in serum levels of nerve injury indexes and inflammatory mediators, total MMSE score and each dimension score were not statistically significant between two groups of patients. After treatment, serum contents of nerve injury indexes creatine kinase-BB (CK-BB), neuron-specific enolase (NSE), S-100β protein (S-100β) and lactate (Lac) in observation group were lower than those in control group;serum contents of inflammatory mediators interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10), interleukin-18 (IL-18), hypersensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) were lower than those in control group;total MMSE score and each dimension score were higher than those of control group.Conclusion:mNGF combined with hyperbaric oxygen treatment of DEACMP is helpful to reduce the nerve injury and systemic inflammatory response, and improve the cognitive function.

The study on the shrink-fit multi-ring flywheel with fall-off function

Structural integrity of the flywheel of reactor coolant pump is important for safe operation of a nuclear power plant. A shrink-fit multi-ring flywheel is designed with a fall-off function, i.e., it will separate from the shaft at a designed fall-off rotation speed, which is determined by the assembly process and the gravity. However, the two factors are ignored in the analytical method based on the Lame's equation. In this work, we conducted fall-off experiments to analyze the two factors and used the experimental data to verify the validity of the analytical method and the finite element method(FEM). The results show that FEM performs better than the analytical method in designing the falloff function of the flywheel, though FEM cannot successfully predict the strain variation with the rotational speed.

Effects of hyperbaric oxygen preconditioning on the postoperative oxidative stress activation in patients with TKA and THA restrictive transfusion

Objective:To study the effects of hyperbaric oxygen preconditioning on the postoperative oxidative stress activation in patients with total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and total hip arthroplasty (THA) restrictive transfusion.Methods: Patients who underwent THA and TKA and received restrictive transfusion in the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University and Bazhou People's Hospital of Korla between June 2014 and December 2017 were selected and divided into HBOPC group and control group according to the application of preoperative hyperbaric oxygen preconditioning or not. The contents of oxidative stress indexes in serum as well as the expression intensity of oxidative stress molecules and immune molecules in peripheral blood were determined before surgery and 24 h after surgery.Results:Compared with those of same group before surgery, serum COR, NE, AT-II, MDA and ROS contents as well as peripheral blood JNK, Akt, FoxO3a, Nrf2, ARE, Foxp3 and GATA-3 expression intensity of both groups significantly increased whereas peripheral blood CD3, CD4 and T-bet expression intensity significantly decreased, and serum COR, NE, AT-II, MDA and ROS contents as well as peripheral blood JNK, Akt, FoxO3a, Nrf2, ARE, Foxp3 and GATA-3 expression intensity of HBOPC group after surgery were lower than those of control group whereas peripheral blood CD3, CD4 and T-bet expression intensity were higher than those of control group.Conclusion: Hyperbaric oxygen preconditioning can improve the postoperative oxidative stress response activation and immune response disorder in patients with TKA and THA restrictive transfusion.

Corrosion behavior of a novel Mg-13Li-X alloy with different grain sizes by rapid solidification rate

As degradable biomaterials,the higher degradation rate of Mg-Li alloys in the physiological environment is the main challenge for the implant applications.In order to try and overcome this limitation,the present work was dedicated to studying the corrosion behavior of a novel Mg-13Li-X alloy fabricated by a rapid solidification process(RSP).The special Mg-13Li-X alloy was immersed in Hank’s balanced salt solution(HBSS),and the influence of immersion time on corrosion rate was analyzed.X-ray diffraction(XRD)and scanning electron microscopy(SEM),complemented with electrochemical techniques such as potentiodynamic polarization curves and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy,were applied.Microstructural characterization indicates that the mean grain sizes of RSP Mg-13Li-X alloy are 4.2,8.2 and 12.7μm with the solidification rate decreasing.By contrast,the conventional as-cast Mg-13Li-X alloy has an average grain size of about 150μm.The results of electrochemical test indicate that the sample with 4.2μm in grain size has the most positive corrosion potential(E_(corr))of−1.354 V and the minimum corrosion current(I_(corr))of 5.830×10^(−7)A·cm^(−2)after immersion for 2 h in HBSS.Therefore,the finest grain size can improve the polarization resistance of the alloy,reduce its corrosion current density and increase its corrosion resistance.However,because the weak layer of the corrosion product which consists of Mg(OH)_(2) does not afford strong protection,the corrosion resistance becomes worse after immersion for longer periods.

HAM:a deep collaborative ranking method incorporating textual information

The recommendation task with a textual corpus aims to model customer preferences from both user feedback and item textual descriptions.It is highly desirable to explore a very deep neural network to capture the complicated nonlinear preferences.However,training a deeper recommender is not as effortless as simply adding layers.A deeper recommender suffers from the gradient vanishing/exploding issue and cannot be easily trained by gradient-based methods.Moreover,textual descriptions probably contain noisy word sequences.Directly extracting feature vectors from them can harm the recommender’s performance.To overcome these difficulties,we propose a new recommendation method named the HighwAy reco Mmender(HAM).HAM explores a highway mechanism to make gradient-based training methods stable.A multi-head attention mechanism is devised to automatically denoise textual information.Moreover,a block coordinate descent method is devised to train a deep neural recommender.Empirical studies show that the proposed method outperforms state-of-the-art methods significantly in terms of accuracy.