Chemical cleaning and disinfection are crucial steps for eliminating infection in root canal treatment. However, irrigant selection or irrigation procedures are far from clear. The vapor lock effect in the apical regi...Chemical cleaning and disinfection are crucial steps for eliminating infection in root canal treatment. However, irrigant selection or irrigation procedures are far from clear. The vapor lock effect in the apical region has yet to be solved, impeding irrigation efficacy and resulting in residual infections and compromised treatment outcomes.展开更多
DNA-nanotechnology-based nano-architecture scaffolds based on circular strands were designed in the form of DNA-nanowires(DNA-NWs) as a polymer of DNA-triangles. Circularizing a scaffold strand(84-NT) was the critical...DNA-nanotechnology-based nano-architecture scaffolds based on circular strands were designed in the form of DNA-nanowires(DNA-NWs) as a polymer of DNA-triangles. Circularizing a scaffold strand(84-NT) was the critical step followed by annealing with various staple strands to make stiff DNAtriangles. Atomic force microcopy(AFM), native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(PAGE), UVanalysis, MTT-assay, flow cytometry, and confocal imaging were performed to assess the formulated DNA-NWs and cisplatin(CPT) loading. The AFM and confocal microscopy images revealed a uniform shape and size distribution of the DNA-NWs, with lengths ranging from 2 to 4 mm and diameters ranging from 150 to 300 nm. One sharp band at the top of the lane(500 bp level) with the loss of electrophoretic mobility during the PAGE(native) gel analysis revealed the successful fabrication of DNA-NWs. The loading efficiency of CPT ranged from 66.85% to 97.35%. MTT and flow cytometry results showed biocompatibility of the blank DNA-NWs even at 95% concentration compared with the CPT-loaded DNANWs. The CPT-loaded DNA-NWs exhibited enhanced apoptosis(22%) compared to the apoptosis(7%)induced by the blank DNA-NWs. The release of CPT from the DNA-NWs was sustained at < 75% for 6 h in the presence of serum, demonstrating suitability for systemic applications. The IC_(50) of CPT@DNA-NWs was reduced to 12.8 nM CPT, as compared with the free CPT solution exhibiting an IC_(50) of 51.2 n M.Confocal imaging revealed the targetability, surface binding, and slow internalization of the DNA-NWs in the scavenger-receptor-rich cancer cell line(HepG2) compared with the control cell line.展开更多
The authors regret to inform that Figs.4,6,and 7 in the original article were wrongly selected.The corrected figures appear below:The authors would like to apologize for any inconvenience caused.
Human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs), with the potential for multi-directional differentiation and reproduction, are the target cells of orthodontic tooth movement. The aim of this study was to examine the effect...Human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs), with the potential for multi-directional differentiation and reproduction, are the target cells of orthodontic tooth movement. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of mechanical tension force and lipopolysaccharides (LPS) on hPDLCs and whether they induce proliferative and differentiated characters in vitro. Tension force was applied to hPDLCs stimulated with and without LPS for 24 hrs. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was carried out to analyze the mRNA expression of Cyclin 2 (CCND2), WNT1 inducible signaling pathway protein 1 (WISP1), runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for statistical analysis. Significant differences were indicated by P < 0.05. The results showed that tension force promoted the mRNA expression of both the proliferation-related genes (CCND2 and WISP1) and differentiation-related genes (RUNX2 and ALP), and that both were enhanced by the simulation of LPS. In addition, the relative expression ratios CCND2/RUNX2 and CCND2/ALP both increased significantly after the application of tension, and this effect was further enhanced by LPS. All results indicated that with the assessed level of mechanical force loading, tension could promote both the proliferation and differentiation of hPDLCs, which could be enhanced by LPS, and that proliferation is promoted to a greater extent than differentiation. These findings may be valuable for understanding the importance of the application of suitable mechanical force in periodontal remodeling, especially in the process of orthodontic tooth movement with inflammation.展开更多
The resonator integrated optic gyros(RIOGs) based on the Sagnac effect have gained extensive attention in navigation and guidance systems due to their predominant advantages: high theoretical accuracy and simple in...The resonator integrated optic gyros(RIOGs) based on the Sagnac effect have gained extensive attention in navigation and guidance systems due to their predominant advantages: high theoretical accuracy and simple integration. However, the problems of losing lock and low lock-in accuracy are the bottlenecks, which restrict the development of digital RIOGs. Therefore, a multilevel laser frequency lock-in technique has been proposed in this Letter to address these problems. The experimental results show that lock-in accuracy can be improved one order higher and without losing lock in a variable temperature environment. Then, a digital miniaturized RIOG prototype(18 cm × 18 cm × 20 cm) has been produced, and long-term(1 h) bias stability of 26.6 deg/h is successfully demonstrated.展开更多
Among the most important sensors of extracellular danger signals, purinergic receptors have been demonstrated to play crucial roles in host defense against infection. However, the function of P2 receptors in viral inf...Among the most important sensors of extracellular danger signals, purinergic receptors have been demonstrated to play crucial roles in host defense against infection. However, the function of P2 receptors in viral infection has been little explored. Here we demonstrated that P2Y13 and its ligand ADP play an important role in protecting hosts from viral infections. First, we demonstrate that P2Y13, as a typical interferon-stimulated gene, is induced together with extracellular ADP during viral infection. Most importantly, extracellular ADP restricts the replication of different kinds of viruses, including vesicular stomatitis virus, Newcastle disease virus, herpes simplex virus 1, and murine leukemia virus. This kind of protection is dependent on P2Y13 but not P2Y1 or P2Y12, which are also considered as receptors for ADP. Furthermore, cyclic adenosine monophosphate and EPAC1 are downregu-lated by extracellular ADP through the P2Y13-coupled Gi alpha subunit. Accordingly, inhibition or deletion of EPAC1 significantly eliminates ADP/P2Y13-mediated antiviral activities. Taken together, our results show that P2Y13 and ADP play pivotal roles in the clearance of invaded virus and have the potential as antiviral targets.展开更多
SIRT6 belongs to class III sirtuin family with NAD+-dependent histone deacetylase activities and controls multiple processes including aging,metabolism and inflammation.In recent years,increasing studies showed tumor ...SIRT6 belongs to class III sirtuin family with NAD+-dependent histone deacetylase activities and controls multiple processes including aging,metabolism and inflammation.In recent years,increasing studies showed tumor suppressor role of SIRT6 in HCC development.We established a two-stage DEN followed CC14 induced liver carcinogenesis in the hepatic-specific SIRT6 HKO mice models and found that hepatic S1RT6 deficit significantly promotes liver injury and liver cancer through inhibition of the ERK1/2 pathway.SIRT6 was compensatory up-regulated in mice tumor tissues and human HCC cells and overexpressed SIRT6 inhibits tumor growth both in vitro and in vivo.Taken together,we provide a useful mouse model for delineating the molecular pathways involved in chronic liver diseases and primary liver cancer and suggest that SIRT6 can be a promising target for HCC therapies.展开更多
文摘Chemical cleaning and disinfection are crucial steps for eliminating infection in root canal treatment. However, irrigant selection or irrigation procedures are far from clear. The vapor lock effect in the apical region has yet to be solved, impeding irrigation efficacy and resulting in residual infections and compromised treatment outcomes.
基金the State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Chinathe State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, China, for support。
文摘DNA-nanotechnology-based nano-architecture scaffolds based on circular strands were designed in the form of DNA-nanowires(DNA-NWs) as a polymer of DNA-triangles. Circularizing a scaffold strand(84-NT) was the critical step followed by annealing with various staple strands to make stiff DNAtriangles. Atomic force microcopy(AFM), native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(PAGE), UVanalysis, MTT-assay, flow cytometry, and confocal imaging were performed to assess the formulated DNA-NWs and cisplatin(CPT) loading. The AFM and confocal microscopy images revealed a uniform shape and size distribution of the DNA-NWs, with lengths ranging from 2 to 4 mm and diameters ranging from 150 to 300 nm. One sharp band at the top of the lane(500 bp level) with the loss of electrophoretic mobility during the PAGE(native) gel analysis revealed the successful fabrication of DNA-NWs. The loading efficiency of CPT ranged from 66.85% to 97.35%. MTT and flow cytometry results showed biocompatibility of the blank DNA-NWs even at 95% concentration compared with the CPT-loaded DNANWs. The CPT-loaded DNA-NWs exhibited enhanced apoptosis(22%) compared to the apoptosis(7%)induced by the blank DNA-NWs. The release of CPT from the DNA-NWs was sustained at < 75% for 6 h in the presence of serum, demonstrating suitability for systemic applications. The IC_(50) of CPT@DNA-NWs was reduced to 12.8 nM CPT, as compared with the free CPT solution exhibiting an IC_(50) of 51.2 n M.Confocal imaging revealed the targetability, surface binding, and slow internalization of the DNA-NWs in the scavenger-receptor-rich cancer cell line(HepG2) compared with the control cell line.
文摘The authors regret to inform that Figs.4,6,and 7 in the original article were wrongly selected.The corrected figures appear below:The authors would like to apologize for any inconvenience caused.
文摘Human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs), with the potential for multi-directional differentiation and reproduction, are the target cells of orthodontic tooth movement. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of mechanical tension force and lipopolysaccharides (LPS) on hPDLCs and whether they induce proliferative and differentiated characters in vitro. Tension force was applied to hPDLCs stimulated with and without LPS for 24 hrs. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was carried out to analyze the mRNA expression of Cyclin 2 (CCND2), WNT1 inducible signaling pathway protein 1 (WISP1), runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for statistical analysis. Significant differences were indicated by P < 0.05. The results showed that tension force promoted the mRNA expression of both the proliferation-related genes (CCND2 and WISP1) and differentiation-related genes (RUNX2 and ALP), and that both were enhanced by the simulation of LPS. In addition, the relative expression ratios CCND2/RUNX2 and CCND2/ALP both increased significantly after the application of tension, and this effect was further enhanced by LPS. All results indicated that with the assessed level of mechanical force loading, tension could promote both the proliferation and differentiation of hPDLCs, which could be enhanced by LPS, and that proliferation is promoted to a greater extent than differentiation. These findings may be valuable for understanding the importance of the application of suitable mechanical force in periodontal remodeling, especially in the process of orthodontic tooth movement with inflammation.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51635011,61640601,61571406,and 51727808)the Outstanding Youth Talents Program of Shanxi Province(No.2016002)+1 种基金the Science and Technology on Electronic Test&Measurement Laboratory(No.11010311)the Shanxi "1331 KSC"
文摘The resonator integrated optic gyros(RIOGs) based on the Sagnac effect have gained extensive attention in navigation and guidance systems due to their predominant advantages: high theoretical accuracy and simple integration. However, the problems of losing lock and low lock-in accuracy are the bottlenecks, which restrict the development of digital RIOGs. Therefore, a multilevel laser frequency lock-in technique has been proposed in this Letter to address these problems. The experimental results show that lock-in accuracy can be improved one order higher and without losing lock in a variable temperature environment. Then, a digital miniaturized RIOG prototype(18 cm × 18 cm × 20 cm) has been produced, and long-term(1 h) bias stability of 26.6 deg/h is successfully demonstrated.
基金the National Key R&D Program of China (2018YFA0507000 to B.D.)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31570896 and 31770969 to B.D., 81672811 to M.Q.)+2 种基金Joint Research Institute for Science and Society (JoRISS)(14JORISS01 to B.D.)Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (15JC14O15OO to B.D.)Innovation Program of Shanghai Municipal Educati on Commissi on (2017-01- 07-00-05-E00011 to A/LL.).
文摘Among the most important sensors of extracellular danger signals, purinergic receptors have been demonstrated to play crucial roles in host defense against infection. However, the function of P2 receptors in viral infection has been little explored. Here we demonstrated that P2Y13 and its ligand ADP play an important role in protecting hosts from viral infections. First, we demonstrate that P2Y13, as a typical interferon-stimulated gene, is induced together with extracellular ADP during viral infection. Most importantly, extracellular ADP restricts the replication of different kinds of viruses, including vesicular stomatitis virus, Newcastle disease virus, herpes simplex virus 1, and murine leukemia virus. This kind of protection is dependent on P2Y13 but not P2Y1 or P2Y12, which are also considered as receptors for ADP. Furthermore, cyclic adenosine monophosphate and EPAC1 are downregu-lated by extracellular ADP through the P2Y13-coupled Gi alpha subunit. Accordingly, inhibition or deletion of EPAC1 significantly eliminates ADP/P2Y13-mediated antiviral activities. Taken together, our results show that P2Y13 and ADP play pivotal roles in the clearance of invaded virus and have the potential as antiviral targets.
基金This study was supported grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81902803,81972233)the Overseas Young Talents Project of China,"Innovative and Entrepreneurial Team"(No.(2018)2015)+2 种基金Science and Technology Grant(No.BE2019758)the Natural Science Foundation(No.BK20190657)of Jiangsu Province,Southeast University-Nanjing Medical University Cooperative Research Project(No.2242018K3DN33)Fund of Nanjing Medical University and the China Scholarship Council(No.201906090247).
文摘SIRT6 belongs to class III sirtuin family with NAD+-dependent histone deacetylase activities and controls multiple processes including aging,metabolism and inflammation.In recent years,increasing studies showed tumor suppressor role of SIRT6 in HCC development.We established a two-stage DEN followed CC14 induced liver carcinogenesis in the hepatic-specific SIRT6 HKO mice models and found that hepatic S1RT6 deficit significantly promotes liver injury and liver cancer through inhibition of the ERK1/2 pathway.SIRT6 was compensatory up-regulated in mice tumor tissues and human HCC cells and overexpressed SIRT6 inhibits tumor growth both in vitro and in vivo.Taken together,we provide a useful mouse model for delineating the molecular pathways involved in chronic liver diseases and primary liver cancer and suggest that SIRT6 can be a promising target for HCC therapies.