Generation of super-resolved optical needle and multifocal array using graphene oxide metalenses

Ultrathin flat metalenses have emerged as promising alternatives to conventional diffractive lenses,offering new possibilities for myriads of miniaturization and interfacial applications.Graphene-based materials can achieve both phase and amplitude modulations simultaneously at a single position due to the modification of the complex refractive index and thickness by laser conversion from graphene oxide into graphene like materials.In this work,we develop graphene oxide metalenses to precisely control phase and amplitude modulations and to achieve a holistic and systematic lens design based on a graphene-based material system.We experimentally validate our strategies via demonstrations of two graphene oxide metalenses:one with an ultra-long(~16λ)optical needle,and the other with axial multifocal spots,at the wavelength of 632.8 nm with a 200 nm thin film.Our proposed graphene oxide metalenses unfold unprecedented opportunities for accurately designing graphene-based ultrathin integratable devices for broad applications.

Mie series for electromagnetic scattering of chiral metamaterials sphere

The electromagnetic scattering of chiral metamaterials is simulated with the Mie series method.Based on the spherical harmonics vector function in chiral metamaterials,the electromagnetic fields inside and outside of chiral metamaterials sphere are expanded.By applying the continuous boundary condition between the chiral metamaterials and surrounding medium,and the transformation from linearly to circularly polarized electric field components,the co-polarized and cross-polarized bistatic radar cross scattering（RCS） of chiral metamaterials sphere are given.How to overcome the instability of chiral metamaterials sphere of Mie series formula is discussed.The electromagnetic scattering of chiral metamaterials,normal media and metamaterials are compared.The numerical results show that the existence of chirality ξ of chiral metamaterials can decrease the bistatic RCS compared with the same size as normal media sphere.

Breaking the symmetry of polarizers

In recent years, the properties of parity-time(PT) symmetric system are revealed to realize plenty of counterintuitive phenomena[1]. In particular, encircling the exceptional point(EP) in a PT symmetric system for asymmetric mode switching has caught people’s eyes because of its potential in the design of chiral devices.