Resolving the Pension Payment Crisis:Effect of the Central Adjustment System

The central adjustment system is the first step of the national coordination of basic pension,which can alleviate the pension payment crisis in some provinces.This paper establishes an actuarial model,measures the financial status of the central adjustment fund,and simulates the impact of the central adjustment system on the sustainability and subsidies of the basic pension funds in each province(municipality).The results show that:(1)Before the central adjustment fund system,the first accumulated deficit of basic pension occured earier in central region than that in casterm and westerm region.(2)Afer the implementation of the central adjustment system,the basic pension funds in 19 provinces(municipalities)experienced a decline in the scale of the first accumulated deficit,and the time of the first accumulated deficit in Sichuan and Liaoning was postponed.(3)Increasing the:handover ratio of the central adjustment system will enhance the adjustment effect.(4)The adjustment effect of the central adjustment system is positively ffected by the effect of the delayed retirement policy.(5)Under the current handover and appropriation method of central adjustment system,a higher contribution rate means more fund revenue for areas with a higher proportion of retirees.The central adjustment system is conducive to the sustainability of the pension fund in West China and other areas with underdeveloped market economy,but the actual efect depends on the retirement age,the subscription rate,the wage level and so on.When strengthening pension fund adjustment,the govermment should take into account the current operation status of pension funds to ensure both fairness and fficiency.

Triple-layered core-shell fiber dressings with enduring platelet conservation and sustained growth factor release abilities for chronic wound healing

Platelet-rich plasma(PRP)is one of the most popular biomaterials in regenerative medicine.However,the difficulties encountered in its preservation,and the requirement for on-demand preparation severely limit its application.In addition,its rapid degradation in the wound microenvironment makes the sustained release of growth factors impossible and finally reduces the therapeutic effect on chronic wounds.Here,a multifunctional dressing based on triple-layered core-shell fibers for loading and enduring preservation of PRP was developed using a one-step coaxial bioprinting technique combined with freeze-drying.The platelets were effectively dispersed and immobilized in the core layer of the fiber,leading to a sustained release of growth factors from the PRP.The rate of release can be controlled by adjusting the triple-layered core-shell structure.Simultaneously,the triple-layered core-shell structure can reduce the deactivation of PRP during freezing and storage.The experimental findings suggest that PRP exhibits sustained activity,facilitating the process of wound healing even after a storage period of 180 days.Furthermore,the protective mechanism of PRP by the triple-layered core-shell fiber was investigated,and the conditions for freeze-drying and storage were optimized,further enhancing the long-term storability of PRP.As a result,the multifunctional core-shell fiber dressings developed in this study offer a novel approach for sustained growth factor release and the enduring preservation of active PRP.