Peripheral CD4^(+)CD8^(+) double positive T cells:A potential marker to evaluate renal impairment susceptibility during systemic lupus erythematosus

Lupus nephritis(LN) has a high incidence in systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE) patients, but there is a lack of sensitive predictive markers. The purpose of the study was to investigate the association between the CD4^(+)CD8^(+)double positive T(DPT) lymphocytes and LN. The study included patients with SLE without renal impairment(SLE-NRI), LN, nephritic syndrome(NS), or nephritis. Peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets were analyzed by flow cytometry. Biochemical measurements were performed with peripheral blood in accordance with the recommendations proposed by the National Center for Clinical Laboratories. The proportions of DPT cells in the LN group were significantly higher than that in the SLE-NRI group(t=4.012, P<0.001), NS group(t=3.240,P=0.001), and nephritis group(t=2.57, P=0.011). In the LN group, the risk of renal impairment increased significantly in a DPT cells proportion-dependent manner. The risk of LN was 5.136 times(95% confidence interval, 2.115–12.473) higher in cases with a high proportion of DPT cells than those whose proportion of DPT cells within the normal range. These findings indicated that the proportion of DPT cells could be a potential marker to evaluate LN susceptibility, and the interference of NS and nephritis could be effectively excluded when assessing the risk of renal impairment during SLE with DPT cell proportion.

Effects of Different Fumigant Preservatives on Antioxidant Capacity of‘Kyoho’Grapes

With‘Kyoho’grapes as the experimental material,the effects of different concentrations of chlorine dioxide(5,10 and 15 mg/L)and ozone(30,60and 90 mg/m^(3))fumigation on the contents of total phenols,proanthocyanidins and malondialdehyde(MDA)and the activity of polyphenol oxidase(PPO),peroxidase(POD),catalase(CAT)and superoxide dismutase(SOD)in the grapes during low temperature storage were compared and analyzed,hoping to provide reference for the storage and preservation of‘Kyoho’grapes after harvest.The results showed that compared with the control,certain concentrations of fumigant preservatives inhibited the degradation of total phenols and proanthocyanidins in‘Kyoho’grapes to varying degrees,maintained better cell membrane integrity,and inhibited the increase of MDA content and PPO activity,and in the later stage,more stable POD and higher activity of CAT and SOD were maintained.Comprehensive analysis showed that among the six fumigation treatments,10 mg/L ClO_(2)and 60 mg/m^(3)O_(3)could delay the aging process of grapes and maintain better antioxidant capacity and storage quality.

Defect-induced deposition of manganese oxides on hierarchical carbon nanocages for high-performance lithium-oxygen batteries

The cathode of lithium-oxygen(Li-O_(2))batteries should have large space for high Li_(2)O_(2) uptake and superior electrocatalytic activity to oxygen evolution/reduction for long lifespan.Herein,a high-performance MnO_(x)/hCNC cathode was constructed by the defect-induced deposition of manganese oxide(MnOx)nanoparticles on hierarchical carbon nanocages(hCNC).The corresponding Li-O2 battery(MnOx/hCNC@Li-O_(2))exhibited excellent electrocatalytic activity with the low overpotential of 0.73-0.99 V in the current density range of 0.1-1.0 A·g^(-1).The full discharge capacity and cycling life of MnO_(x)/hCNC@Li-O_(2) were increased by~86.7%and~91%,respectively,compared with the hCNC@Li-O_(2) counterpart.The superior performance of MnO_(x)/hCNC cathode was ascribed to(i)the highly dispersed MnO_(x) nanoparticles for boosting the reversibility of oxygen evolution/reduction reactions,(ii)the interconnecting pore structure for increasing Li_(2)O_(2) accommodation and facilitating charge/mass transfer,and(iii)the concealed surface defects of hCNC for suppressing side reactions.This study demonstrated an effective strategy to improve the performance of Li-O_(2) batteries by constructing cathodes with highly dispersed catalytic sites and hierarchical porous structure.