董监高网络如何改变企业的创新行为?——兼论董监高在企业创新行为中的侧重差异

企业网络有助于信息和资源在企业之间传播和共享,而信息和资源又是企业进行创新行为的重要因素。因此,本文试图从企业网络的视角出发,探究企业网络对我国上市公司创新行为的影响。进一步地,本文通过划分董监高分别构成的企业网络,探究上市公司中不同成员的信息对创新活动的侧重。实证结果显示,随着全体董监高网络的增大,上市公司的创新投入会增加,创新对于现金的依赖程度及风险厌恶程度也会提高,创新迎合行为则会减少,但是上市公司不会模仿网络中其他公司的创新投入。通过划分公司不同成员构成的网络,本文发现不同成员对创新行为的不同方面存在侧重:董事网络增加会显著促进上市公司的研发强度,并提高创新效率;独立董事的网络会使上市公司对创新风险的态度更激进,同时提升创新对公司业绩的促进作用;高管网络越大,上市公司的研发强度越大,但是研发的风险偏好更保守;监事网络对创新行为均没有显著影响。本文的研究不仅证明了企业网络会改变企业的创新行为,还首次通过企业网络的划分,实证证明了公司不同成员在创新活动上存在侧重差异。

Mesh-like vertical structures enable both high areal capacity and excellent rate capability

In order to balance electrochemical kinetics with loading level for achieving efficient energy storage with high areal capacity and good rate capability simultaneously for wearable electronics,herein,2 D meshlike vertical structures(NiCo_2 S_4@Ni(OH)_2) with a high mass loading of 2.17 mg cm^(-2) and combined merits of both 1 D nanowires and 2 D nanosheets are designed for fabricating flexible hybrid supercapacitors.Particularly,the seamlessly interconnected NiCo_2 S_4 core not only provides high capacity of 287.5 μAh cm^(-2) but also functions as conductive skeleton for fast electron transport;Ni(OH)_2 sheath occupying the voids in NiCo_2 S_4 meshes contributes extra capacity of 248.4 μAh cm^(-2);the holey features guarantee rapid ion diffusion along and across NiCO_2 S_4@Ni(OH)_2 meshes.The resultant flexible electrode exhibits a high areal capacity of 535.9 μAh cm^(-2)(246.9 mAh g^(-1)) at 3 mA cm^(-2) and outstanding rate performance with 84.7% retention at 30 mA cm^(-2),suggesting efficient utilization of both NiCo_2 S_4 and Ni(OH)_2 with specific capacities approaching to their theoretical values.The flexible solid-state hybrid device based on NiCo_2 S_4@Ni(OH)_2 cathode and Fe_2 O_3 anode delivers a high energy density of 315 μWh cm^(-2) at the power density of 2.14 mW cm^(-2) with excellent electrochemical cycling stability.

Transcriptome Profiling of Flower Development Reveals Key Genes Mediating Yellow Formation in Tree Peony

Tree peony cultivars with yellow flowers are rare and valuable,but the molecular mechanism of pigment accumulation is not clear.In this study,the petal transcriptome of three developmental stages were sequenced to determine the differentially expressed genes(DEGs)regulating yellow flowers color.The results showed that 10,842 and 12,022 DEGs were screened in stage 1 vs.stage 2 and in stage 2 vs.stage 3,respectively.Through analysis of flavonoid structural genes(FSGs),we found that the transcription level of DFR was very low in the three developmental stages.In a small group of cultivars,the DFR transcription level of red flowers was 862 times higher than that of yellow flowers.These data suggested that the flavonoid pathway is interrupted in the later stage due to the low transcriptional level of DFR,which limits the biosynthesis of anthocyanins in yellow flowers.The transcription levels of F3’H and FLS were upregulated from stage 1 to stage 2,while those of CHI and FLS were downregulated from stage 2 to stage 3.In addition,67 MYBs and 44 bHLHs showed similar transcription profiles with different members of FSGs.The results deepen our understanding of the molecular mechanism of yellow pigment accumulation in tree peony.

Taming heat with tiny pressure

Heat is almost everywhere.Unlike electricity,which can be easily manipulated,the current ability to control heat is still highly limited owing to spontaneous thermal dissipation imposed by the second law of thermodynamics.Optical illumination and pressure have been used to switch endothermic/exothermic responses of materials via phase transitions;however,these strategies are less cost-effective and unscalable.Here,we spectroscopically demonstrate the glassy crystal state of 2-amino-2-methyl-1,3-propanediol(AMP)to realize an affordable,easily manageable approach for thermal energy recycling.The supercooled state of AMP is so sensitive to pressure that even several megapascals can induce crystallization to the ordered crystal,resulting in a substantial temperature increase of 48 K within 20 s.Furthermore,we demonstrate a proof-of-concept device capable of programable heating with an extremely high work-to-heat conversion effi-ciency of383.Such delicate and efficient tuning of heat may remarkably facilitate rational utilization of waste heat.

Risk SNP-induced lncRNA-SLCCl drives colorectal cancer through activating glycolysis signaling

Long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs)play key roles in colorectal carcinogenesis.Here,we aimed to identify the risk SNP-induced lncRNAs and to investigate their roles in colorectal carcinogenesis.First,we identified rs6695584 as the causative SNP in 1 q41 locus.The A>G mutation of rs6695584 created a protein-binding motif of BATF,altered the enhancer activity,and subsequently activated IncSLCCl expression.Further validation in two independent CRC cohorts confirmed the upregulation of IncSLCCl in CRC tissues,and revealed that increased IncSLCCl expression was associated with poor survival in CRC patients.Mechanistically,lncRNA-SLCCl interacted with AHR and transcriptionally activated HK2 expression,the crucial enzyme in glucose metabolism,thereby driving the glycolysis pathway and accelerating CRC tumor growth.The functional assays revealed that IncSLCCl induced glycolysis activation and tumor growth in CRC mediated by HK2.In addition,HK2 was upregulated in colorectal cancer tissues and positively correlated with IncSLCCl expression and patient survival.Taken together,our findings reveal a risk SNP-mediated oncogene lncRNA-SLCCl promotes CRC through activating the glycolysis pathway.

Recent Advances in Molybdenum-Based Materials for Lithium-Sulfur Batteries

Lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries as power supply systems possessing a theoretical energy density of as high as 2600 Wh kg−1 are considered promising alternatives toward the currently used lithium-ion batteries(LIBs).However,the insulation characteristic and huge volume change of sulfur,the generation of dissolvable lithium polysulfides(LiPSs)during charge/discharge,and the uncontrollable dendrite formation of Li metal anodes render Li-S batteries serious cycling issues with rapid capacity decay.To address these challenges,extensive efforts are devoted to designing cathode/anode hosts and/or modifying separators by incorporating functional materials with the features of improved conductivity,lithiophilic,physical/chemical capture ability toward LiPSs,and/or efficient catalytic conversion of LiPSs.Among all candidates,molybdenum-based(Mo-based)materials are highly preferred for their tunable crystal structure,adjustable composition,variable valence of Mo centers,and strong interactions with soluble LiPSs.Herein,the latest advances in design and application of Mo-based materials for Li-S batteries are comprehensively reviewed,covering molybdenum oxides,molybdenum dichalcogenides,molybdenum nitrides,molybdenum carbides,molybdenum phosphides,and molybdenum metal.In the end,the existing challenges in this research field are elaborately discussed.

耦合酸气提浓的脱硫脱碳工艺

针对高碳硫比的酸性天然气的净化,提出了一种耦合酸气提浓的脱硫脱碳新工艺.以某高碳硫比原料气为例,采用PROMAX和AMSIM模拟软件进行工艺模拟和参数分析.结果表明,二级闪蒸压力为300 k Pa、闪蒸温度为118℃时,闪蒸气量和二次吸收塔顶的尾气量均较大,再生后的酸气浓度较高,能耗比常规工艺低.该工艺在满足产品质量要求的同时能将再生后的酸气浓度由20.65vol%提升至30.16vol%,提高了天然气处理单元操作的稳定性,降低了一次性投资和操作运行成本.

A facile grinding approach to embed red phosphorus in N,P-codoped hierarchical porous carbon for superior lithium storage

Despite red phosphorous(P)-based anodes hold great promise for advanced lithium-ion batteries due to their high theoretical capacity, their practical application is hindered by poor electronic conductivity and drastic volume changes during charge-discharge processes. In order to tackle these issues, herein, a facile grinding method was developed to embed sub-micro-and nano-sized red P particles in N,P-codoped hierarchical porous carbon(NPHPC). Such a unique structure enables P@NPHPC long-cyclic stability(1120 mAh g^-1 after 100 cycles at 100 mA g^-1) and superior rate performance(248 mA h g^-1 at 6400 mA g^-1). It is believed that our method holds great potential in scalable synthesis of P@carbon composites for future practical applications.

The Jahn-Teller Effect for Amorphization of Molybdenum Trioxide towards High-Performance Fiber Supercapacitor

Amorphous pseudocapacitive nanomaterials are highly desired in energy storage applications for their disordered crystal structures,fast electrochemical dynamics,and outstanding cyclic stability,yet hardly achievable using the state-of-the-art synthetic strategies.Herein,for the first time,high capacitive fiber electrodes embedded with nanosized amorphous molybdenum trioxide(A-MoO_(3)-x)featuring an average particle diameter of~20 nm and rich oxygen vacancies are obtained via a top-down method usingα-MoO_(3)bulk belts as the precursors.The Jahn-Teller distortion in MoO_(6)octahedra due to the doubly degenerate ground state of Mo5+,which can be continuously strengthened by oxygen vacancies,triggers the phase transformation ofα-MoO_(3)bulk belts(up to 30μm long and 500 nm wide).The optimized fibrous electrode exhibits among the highest volumetric performance with a specific capacitance(CV)of 921.5 F cm^(-3)under 0.3 A cm^(-3),endowing the fiber-based weaveable supercapacitor superior CV and EV(energy density)of 107.0 F cm^(-3)and 9.5 mWh cm^(-3),respectively,together with excellent cyclic stability,mechanical robustness,and rate capability.This work demonstrates a promising strategy for synthesizing nanosized amorphous materials in a scalable,cost-effective,and controllable manner.