Monogenic gene therapy for glaucoma and optic nerve injury

The prevalence of glaucoma, the second leading cause of global blindness, is increasing due to aging populations. In glaucoma, degeneration of the optic nerve and retinal ganglion cells(RGCs) causes visual field defects and eventual blindness.

Asking one mechanism in glial cells during neuroinflammation

Multiple sclerosis(MS),which is characterized by inflammatory demyelination in the central nervous system(CNS),is the most common neurological disease in the young adult population.Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis(EAE),an animal model of MS,is often used in preclinical studies.Accumulating data indicate that in addition to immune cells such as T cells and dendritic cells,CNS resident microglia and astrocytes play important roles in demyelinating neuroinflammation(Healy et al.,2022).In particular,microglia are key immune-competent cells that can respond to environmental changes.Conditional depletion of transforming growth factor-β-activated kinase 1,a mitogen-associated protein kinase kinase kinase,in microglia is reported to reduce CNS inflammation and diminish axonal and myelin damage significantly.This suggests that elucidating the mechanisms of microglia-specific responses during pathologies may help in the development of treatments that reduce EAE/MS disease severity(Goldmann et al.,2013).

曲线长椅

这款由Lincoln Kayiwa所设计的JOKI长椅不只是有性感的弧度，同时也完全符合人体工学。长椅材质为桦木板，“JOKI”是芬兰语中河流的意思，也是Kayiwa的灵感来源。JOKI长凳的外形，充满女性身体的曲线美，但这种设计并非是为了外形，而是从功能性出发。