Lower urinary tract diseases are emotionally and finan- cially burdensome to the individual and society.Current treatments are ineffective or symptomatic.Conversely,stem cells(SCs)are regenerative and may offer long-t...Lower urinary tract diseases are emotionally and finan- cially burdensome to the individual and society.Current treatments are ineffective or symptomatic.Conversely,stem cells(SCs)are regenerative and may offer long-term solutions.Among the different types of SCs,bone marrow SCs(BMSCs)and skeletal muscle-derived SCs(SkMSCs) have received the most attention in pre-clinical and clinical trial studies concerning the lower urinary tract.In particu- lar,clinical trials with SkMSCs for stress urinary inconti- nence have demonstrated impressive efficacy.However,both SkMSCs and BMSCs are difficult to obtain in quantity and therefore neither is optimal for the eventual imple- mentation of SC therapy.On the other hand,adipose tissue-derived SCs(ADSCs)can be easily and abundantly obtained from"discarded"adipose tissue.Moreover,in several head-on comparison studies,ADSCs have demon- strated equal or superior therapeutic potential compared to BMSCs.Therefore,across several different medical dis- ciplines,including urology,ADSC research is gaining wide attention.For the regeneration of bladder tissues,possible differentiation of ADSCs into bladder smooth muscle and epithelial cells has been demonstrated.For the treatment of bladder diseases,specifically hyperlipidemia and associ- ated overactive bladder,ADSCs have also demonstrated efficacy.For the treatment of urethral sphincter dysfunc- tion associated with birth trauma and hormonal deficiency,ADSC therapy was also beneficial.Finally,ADSCs were able to restore erectile function in various types of erectile dysfunction(ED),including those associated with diabe- tes,hyperlipidemia,and nerve injuries.Thus,ADSCs have demonstrated remarkable therapeutic potentials for the lower urinary tract.展开更多
AIM: To test whether intra-articular injection of porcine adipose-derived stem cells(ADSCs) can treat canine osteoarthritis(OA).METHODS: To enroll in this study dogs must have stifle joint OA that had lasted ≥ 3 mo a...AIM: To test whether intra-articular injection of porcine adipose-derived stem cells(ADSCs) can treat canine osteoarthritis(OA).METHODS: To enroll in this study dogs must have stifle joint OA that had lasted ≥ 3 mo and been treated with OA medication without significant improvement. Three dogs fulfilled these criteria and were thus subjects for ADSCs treatment. ADSCs were isolated from abdominal adipose tissue of a 2-mo-old female Yorkshire pig. Their stem cell marker expression was examined by immunofluorescence staining. For treatment, 5 million ADSCs were injected into the diseased joint of each dog. In the next 48 h, the patient was observed for signs of inflammatory and allergic reactions. Thepatient was then discharged to the owner and, at 2, 6, and 12 wk, followed up with orthopedic assessment, owner questionnaire, X-ray imaging, and force-plate gait analysis.RESULTS: Porcine ADSCs expressed mesenchymal stem cell markers CD90 and CD105. Injection of porcine ADSCs into canine stifle joints did not cause any inflammatory or allergic reactions. Orthopedic evaluation found improvements in two dogs, particularly at the longest time point. Owners' evaluation found increased capacity and decreased pain in all three dogs' activities such as walking and running. Radiographic evaluation did not find statistically significant differences before and after treatment. Force-plate analysis found significant improvements in all three dogs after treatment.CONCLUSION: Xenotransplantation of ADSCs for the treatment of OA is feasible. Further studies are needed to validate this novel treatment modality, which can then be implemented for the routine treatment of OA in veterinary medicine.展开更多
文摘Lower urinary tract diseases are emotionally and finan- cially burdensome to the individual and society.Current treatments are ineffective or symptomatic.Conversely,stem cells(SCs)are regenerative and may offer long-term solutions.Among the different types of SCs,bone marrow SCs(BMSCs)and skeletal muscle-derived SCs(SkMSCs) have received the most attention in pre-clinical and clinical trial studies concerning the lower urinary tract.In particu- lar,clinical trials with SkMSCs for stress urinary inconti- nence have demonstrated impressive efficacy.However,both SkMSCs and BMSCs are difficult to obtain in quantity and therefore neither is optimal for the eventual imple- mentation of SC therapy.On the other hand,adipose tissue-derived SCs(ADSCs)can be easily and abundantly obtained from"discarded"adipose tissue.Moreover,in several head-on comparison studies,ADSCs have demon- strated equal or superior therapeutic potential compared to BMSCs.Therefore,across several different medical dis- ciplines,including urology,ADSC research is gaining wide attention.For the regeneration of bladder tissues,possible differentiation of ADSCs into bladder smooth muscle and epithelial cells has been demonstrated.For the treatment of bladder diseases,specifically hyperlipidemia and associ- ated overactive bladder,ADSCs have also demonstrated efficacy.For the treatment of urethral sphincter dysfunc- tion associated with birth trauma and hormonal deficiency,ADSC therapy was also beneficial.Finally,ADSCs were able to restore erectile function in various types of erectile dysfunction(ED),including those associated with diabe- tes,hyperlipidemia,and nerve injuries.Thus,ADSCs have demonstrated remarkable therapeutic potentials for the lower urinary tract.
文摘AIM: To test whether intra-articular injection of porcine adipose-derived stem cells(ADSCs) can treat canine osteoarthritis(OA).METHODS: To enroll in this study dogs must have stifle joint OA that had lasted ≥ 3 mo and been treated with OA medication without significant improvement. Three dogs fulfilled these criteria and were thus subjects for ADSCs treatment. ADSCs were isolated from abdominal adipose tissue of a 2-mo-old female Yorkshire pig. Their stem cell marker expression was examined by immunofluorescence staining. For treatment, 5 million ADSCs were injected into the diseased joint of each dog. In the next 48 h, the patient was observed for signs of inflammatory and allergic reactions. Thepatient was then discharged to the owner and, at 2, 6, and 12 wk, followed up with orthopedic assessment, owner questionnaire, X-ray imaging, and force-plate gait analysis.RESULTS: Porcine ADSCs expressed mesenchymal stem cell markers CD90 and CD105. Injection of porcine ADSCs into canine stifle joints did not cause any inflammatory or allergic reactions. Orthopedic evaluation found improvements in two dogs, particularly at the longest time point. Owners' evaluation found increased capacity and decreased pain in all three dogs' activities such as walking and running. Radiographic evaluation did not find statistically significant differences before and after treatment. Force-plate analysis found significant improvements in all three dogs after treatment.CONCLUSION: Xenotransplantation of ADSCs for the treatment of OA is feasible. Further studies are needed to validate this novel treatment modality, which can then be implemented for the routine treatment of OA in veterinary medicine.
