The solidification paths of Al-Zn-Mg alloys in the Al-rich corner were investigated. The thermodynamic data for the calculation are obtained by direct coupling with the CALPHAD software Thermo-Calc via its TQ6-interfa...The solidification paths of Al-Zn-Mg alloys in the Al-rich corner were investigated. The thermodynamic data for the calculation are obtained by direct coupling with the CALPHAD software Thermo-Calc via its TQ6-interface and the COST2 database. The influences of the initial compositions and the extent of solid back diffusion on the solidification path were numerically investigated by sample calculation of the ternary Al-Zn-Mg alloys. The calculation results of solidification paths of the selected alloys: Al-Zn-3 Mg(in wt.%), Al-5 Zn-10 Mg, Al-2.5Zn-15Mg, Al-10Zn-20.5 Mg, Al-8Zn-25 Mg, were: L→(L+α-Al), L→(L+α-Al)→(L+α-Al+TAU), L→(L+α-Al)→(L+α-Al+Al Mg_β), L→(L+α-Al)→(L+α-Al+TAU)→(L+α-Al+TAU+Al Mg_β), L→(L+α-Al)→(L+α-Al+Al Mg_β)→(L+α-Al+TAU+Al Mg_β), respectively. The results show that the initial compositions and the extent of solid back diffusion have a great influence on solidification path, and the amounts of eutectic phase increase with the decrease of the solid back diffusion coefficient. The equilibrium solute partition coefficients for Zn and Mg in alloys are also calculated and their influence on micro-segregation in the primary solidification of Al-5Zn-10 Mg alloy is analyzed.展开更多
Background:Sjögren’s syndrome(SS)is an autoimmune disorder characterized by sicca syndrome and/or systemic manifestations.The treatment is still challenging.This study aimed to explore the therapeutic role and m...Background:Sjögren’s syndrome(SS)is an autoimmune disorder characterized by sicca syndrome and/or systemic manifestations.The treatment is still challenging.This study aimed to explore the therapeutic role and mechanism of exosomes obtained from the supernatant of stem cells derived from human exfoliated deciduous teeth(SHED-exos)in sialadenitis caused by SS.Methods:SHED-exos were administered to the submandibular glands(SMGs)of 14-week-old non-obese diabetic(NOD)mice,an animal model of the clinical phase of SS,by local injection or intraductal infusion.The saliva flow rate was measured after pilocarpine intraperitoneal injection in 21-week-old NOD mice.Protein expression was examined by western blot analysis.Exosomal microRNA(miRNAs)were identified by microarray analysis.Paracellular permeability was evaluated by transepithelial electrical resistance measurement.Results:SHED-exos were injected into the SMG of NOD mice and increased saliva secretion.The injected SHED-exos were taken up by glandular epithelial cells,and further increased paracellular permeability mediated by zonula occluden-1(ZO-1).A total of 180 exosomal miRNAs were identified from SHED-exos,and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis suggested that the phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase(PI3K)/protein kinase B(Akt)pathway might play an important role.SHED-exos treatment down-regulated phospho-Akt(p-Akt)/Akt,phospho-glycogen synthase kinase 3b(p-GSK-3b)/GSK-3b,and Slug expressions and up-regulated ZO-1 expression in SMGs and SMG-C6 cells.Both the increased ZO-1 expression and paracellular permeability induced by SHED-exos were abolished by insulin-like growth factor 1,a PI3K agonist.Slug bound to the ZO-1 promoter and suppressed its expression.For safer and more effective clinical application,SHED-exos were intraductally infused into the SMGs of NOD mice,and saliva secretion was increased and accompanied by decreased levels of p-Akt/Akt,p-GSK-3b/GSK-3b,and Slug and increased ZO-1 expression.Conclusion:Local application of SHED-exos in SMGs can ameliorate Sjögren syndrome-induced hyposalivation by increasing the paracellular permeability of glandular epithelial cells through Akt/GSK-3b/Slug pathway-mediated ZO-1 expression.展开更多
Tricho-dento-osseous(TDO)syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant disease resulting from distal-less homeobox 3(DLX3)mutation.1,2 Accumulative bone density in alveolar bone is a clinically favorable phenotype for TDO pat...Tricho-dento-osseous(TDO)syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant disease resulting from distal-less homeobox 3(DLX3)mutation.1,2 Accumulative bone density in alveolar bone is a clinically favorable phenotype for TDO patients.However,the limited number of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs)in TDO patients restricts their application.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51604161 and 51604162)the Opening fund of Hubei Key Laboratory of Hydroelectric Machinery Design&Maintenance(2017KJX12)
文摘The solidification paths of Al-Zn-Mg alloys in the Al-rich corner were investigated. The thermodynamic data for the calculation are obtained by direct coupling with the CALPHAD software Thermo-Calc via its TQ6-interface and the COST2 database. The influences of the initial compositions and the extent of solid back diffusion on the solidification path were numerically investigated by sample calculation of the ternary Al-Zn-Mg alloys. The calculation results of solidification paths of the selected alloys: Al-Zn-3 Mg(in wt.%), Al-5 Zn-10 Mg, Al-2.5Zn-15Mg, Al-10Zn-20.5 Mg, Al-8Zn-25 Mg, were: L→(L+α-Al), L→(L+α-Al)→(L+α-Al+TAU), L→(L+α-Al)→(L+α-Al+Al Mg_β), L→(L+α-Al)→(L+α-Al+TAU)→(L+α-Al+TAU+Al Mg_β), L→(L+α-Al)→(L+α-Al+Al Mg_β)→(L+α-Al+TAU+Al Mg_β), respectively. The results show that the initial compositions and the extent of solid back diffusion have a great influence on solidification path, and the amounts of eutectic phase increase with the decrease of the solid back diffusion coefficient. The equilibrium solute partition coefficients for Zn and Mg in alloys are also calculated and their influence on micro-segregation in the primary solidification of Al-5Zn-10 Mg alloy is analyzed.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.81974151 and 81771088)Peking University-Tason Stomatology Development Fund.
文摘Background:Sjögren’s syndrome(SS)is an autoimmune disorder characterized by sicca syndrome and/or systemic manifestations.The treatment is still challenging.This study aimed to explore the therapeutic role and mechanism of exosomes obtained from the supernatant of stem cells derived from human exfoliated deciduous teeth(SHED-exos)in sialadenitis caused by SS.Methods:SHED-exos were administered to the submandibular glands(SMGs)of 14-week-old non-obese diabetic(NOD)mice,an animal model of the clinical phase of SS,by local injection or intraductal infusion.The saliva flow rate was measured after pilocarpine intraperitoneal injection in 21-week-old NOD mice.Protein expression was examined by western blot analysis.Exosomal microRNA(miRNAs)were identified by microarray analysis.Paracellular permeability was evaluated by transepithelial electrical resistance measurement.Results:SHED-exos were injected into the SMG of NOD mice and increased saliva secretion.The injected SHED-exos were taken up by glandular epithelial cells,and further increased paracellular permeability mediated by zonula occluden-1(ZO-1).A total of 180 exosomal miRNAs were identified from SHED-exos,and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis suggested that the phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase(PI3K)/protein kinase B(Akt)pathway might play an important role.SHED-exos treatment down-regulated phospho-Akt(p-Akt)/Akt,phospho-glycogen synthase kinase 3b(p-GSK-3b)/GSK-3b,and Slug expressions and up-regulated ZO-1 expression in SMGs and SMG-C6 cells.Both the increased ZO-1 expression and paracellular permeability induced by SHED-exos were abolished by insulin-like growth factor 1,a PI3K agonist.Slug bound to the ZO-1 promoter and suppressed its expression.For safer and more effective clinical application,SHED-exos were intraductally infused into the SMGs of NOD mice,and saliva secretion was increased and accompanied by decreased levels of p-Akt/Akt,p-GSK-3b/GSK-3b,and Slug and increased ZO-1 expression.Conclusion:Local application of SHED-exos in SMGs can ameliorate Sjögren syndrome-induced hyposalivation by increasing the paracellular permeability of glandular epithelial cells through Akt/GSK-3b/Slug pathway-mediated ZO-1 expression.
基金supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China(No.81970920,81900983)the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality,China(No.7232218)the Shanghai Science and Technology Committee Youth Sailing Program(China)(No.19YF1442500).
文摘Tricho-dento-osseous(TDO)syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant disease resulting from distal-less homeobox 3(DLX3)mutation.1,2 Accumulative bone density in alveolar bone is a clinically favorable phenotype for TDO patients.However,the limited number of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs)in TDO patients restricts their application.
