多功能智慧灯杆的造价指标体系研究

从多功能智慧灯在城市道路中使用的位置及其综合内容出发,对多功能智慧灯进行分类研究。通过市场询价及设备费用估算方法得出不同杆体类型的费用区间,并提出城市道路相交路口及城市道路路段造价指标体系研究。分析表明,多功能智慧灯杆单杆费用高于普通杆体,但从长远来看是节约的。造价指标体系可快速、合理地估算出多功能智慧灯杆路口、路段乃至片区内的工程费用。

玻璃体切割手术致眼静脉空气栓塞的研究现状及进展

眼静脉空气栓塞(OVAE)是玻璃体切割手术中一种罕见的致命并发症。因手术部位靠近心脏且位于心脏上方,OVAE可能是所有手术中引起静脉空气栓塞(VAE)最严重的。随着玻璃体切割手术的发展,免缝合状态的灌注套管可出现向外滑动,使得灌注气体进入脉络膜上腔,导致涡静脉撕裂。玻璃体腔气体灌注时,外伤及脉络膜黑色素瘤手术导致的脉络膜血管伤口暴露于气体中,这使得加压气体可能通过撕裂的涡静脉或异常的脉络膜静脉开口进入循环系统导致OVAE。目前OVAE的定义、发病机制、临床表现及防治措施在不断完善,但多数玻璃体视网膜外科医生和麻醉医师仍不了解该医源性并发症。提高对OVAE的认识将有助于早期发现该并发症,进而做出及时处理,同时制定有效的预防策略。通过临床和实验室研究相结合,可不断优化OVAE防治原则。充分认识OVAE的发病机理和临床特点,关注OVAE继发性病变的特征以及重视多学科间的合作有助于OVAE应急处理和预防措施的建立和完善。

Benthodytes palauta,a new species of deep-sea holothuroid(Elasipodida:Psychropotidae)from the western Pacific Ocean

A new species of Psychropotidae holothuroid,Benthodytes palauta sp.nov.,was collected from the Kyushu-Palau Ridge at a depth of 2666 m.This new species is characterized by a leathery body wall,red-violet skin,five pairs of dorsal papillae,nineteen pairs of tube feet,and a narrow brim.The internal organs include one Polian vesicle,two tufts of gonads,and no respiratory trees.Ventral ossicles are large and spinous,with crosses of four arms with central bipartite apophyses.Papillae ossicles are crosses with four arms with bipartite apophyses.The dorsal ossicles were few and large,and cross-shaped with four arms and central bipartite apophyses.Tentacle ossicles were large and rod-shaped or slender rods.Gonad ossicles were primary crosses of four arms and brim ossicles were cross-shaped with spines.The phylogenetic analyses of this species support that B.palauta sp.nov.belongs to Benthodytes.Furthermore,the paraphyletic relationships were confirmed;however,a revision of the genus Benthodytes is needed to resolve its phylogenetic relationship.

Numerical simulation of fluid-thermal-structural coupling characteristics of stratospheric non-rigid airship

The voluminous stratospheric non-rigid airship is very sensitive to the external thermal environment.The temperature change of internal gas caused by the variation in the external ther-mal environment and wind speed will lead to a change in the shape and buoyancy of the airship,thereby affecting its flight control.The traditional static analysis method is difficult to accurately reflect this fuid-thermal-structural coupling process.In this paper,the iterative analysis method was established for the fluid-thermal-structural coupling effect of stratospheric non-rigid airship based on the models of fluid,thermal,and structural deformation.Considering the load such as the internal thermal effect and external flow field of the airship,the simulation of the thermo-induced structural deformation effect was conducted using Fluent and Abaqus software.The influ-ence of local time and external wind speed on the structural deformation,volume,and equilibrium altitude of the airship was analyzed.The results demonstrate that,at low wind speed,the influence of aerodynamic pressure on the deformation of the airship is negligible.However,a great amount of heat is carried away by the wind,then the structural deformation caused by internal and external pressure difference is alleviated and the equilibrium altitude of the airship change obviously.This can serve as a guideline for the design and flight test of the long-endurance stratospheric non-rigid airship.

自体视网膜神经上皮层移植术治疗难治性高度近视黄斑裂孔性视网膜脱离的效果

目的:观察自体视网膜神经上皮层移植术在难治性高度近视黄斑裂孔性视网膜脱离(MHRD)患者中的治疗效果。方法:回顾性临床研究。连续纳入2021年5月至2023年3月就诊于武汉艾格眼科医院的难治性高度近视MHRD患者5例(5眼)。5眼均由同一位医师主刀,手术方式为自体视网膜神经上皮层移植及硅油填充术,术后3个月行硅油取出术。硅油取出术后随访至少6个月。记录患眼自体视网膜移植术前和术后9个月的最佳矫正视力(BCVA)。根据术后光学相干断层扫描(OCT)评估患眼视网膜复位及黄斑裂孔闭合情况;根据术后眼底荧光素血管造影(FFA)和光学相干断层扫描血管成像(OCTA)评估黄斑区视网膜移植片的血供情况。记录并分析患眼术中及术后的并发症。结果:纳入的患者中,男4例(4眼),女1例(1眼),年龄49~71岁,眼轴长度29.86~34.66 mm。术后9个月的BCVA与术前相比,1眼BCVA无改变,其余4眼均较术前有不同程度的提高。术后9个月5眼黄斑区OCT示视网膜均复位,黄斑裂孔均闭合。术后9个月的FFA和OCTA示5眼移植片存活,但未见视网膜浅层新生的毛细血管网络。术中及术后均无并发症。结论:自体视网膜神经上皮层移植术能有效治疗难治性高度近视MHRD,且术中及术后随访期间未见并发症。

Measurement of heterogeneous uptake of NO2 on inorganic particles, sea water and urban grime

Heterogeneous reactions of NO2 on different surfaces play an important role in atmospheric NOxremoval and HONO formation,having profound impacts on photochemistry in polluted urban areas.Previous studies have suggested that the NO2 uptake on the ground or aerosol surfaces could be a dominant source for elevated HONO during the daytime.However,the uptake behavior of NO2 varies with different surfaces,and different uptake coefficients were used or derived in different studies.To obtain a more holistic picture of heterogeneous NO2 uptake on different surfaces,a series of laboratory experiments using different flow tube reactors was conducted,and the NO2 uptake coefficients(γ)were determined on inorganic particles,sea water and urban grime.The results showed that heterogeneous reactions on those surfaces were generally weak in dark conditions,with the measuredγvaried from<10-8 to 3.2×10-7 under different humidity.A photo-enhanced uptake of NO2 on urban grime was observed,with the obvious formation of HONO and NO from the heterogeneous reaction.The photo-enhancedγwas measured to be 1.9×10-6 at 5%relative humidity(RH)and 5.8×10-6 at 70%RH on urban grime,showing a positive RH dependence for both NO2 uptake and HONO formation.The results demonstrate an important role of urban grime in the daytime NO2-to-HONO conversion,and could be helpful to explain the unknown daytime HONO source in the polluted urban area.

Enhanced utilization efficiency of peroxymonosulfate via water vortex-driven piezo-activation for removing organic contaminants from water

The efficient activation and utilization of peroxymonosulfate(PMS)in PMS-based advanced oxidation processes is a high-priority target for the removal of organic contaminants.This work introduces a water vortex-driven piezoelectric effect from few-odd-layered MoS_(2)into the PMS activation to remove benzotriazole(BTR)and other organic contaminants from the water.Approximately 91.1%of BTR can be removed by the MoS_(2)piezo-activated PMS process with a reaction rate constant of 0.428 min
1,which is 2.09 times faster than the sum of the individual MoS_(2),water vortex,and piezocatalysis rates.Meanwhile,the PMS utilization efficiency reached 0.0147 in the water vortex-driven piezo-activation system,which is 3.97 times that of the sum from the vortex/PMS and MoS_(2)/PMS systems.These results demonstrate that the presence of MoS_(2)under a water vortex can trigger a piezoelectric potential and generate abundant free electrons to activate PMS to generate various active species for degradation of organic contaminants.

试飞员选拔年龄和飞行时间及人格特征调查

目的探讨试飞员选拔的年龄和飞行时间及人格特征,为制订试飞员选拔技术规范提供理论基础。方法随机抽取36名试飞大队试飞员,从中选取飞行时间≥2500 h的30名试飞员进行访谈,对访谈资料编码整理,形成试飞员选拔的年龄及飞行时间。36名试飞员完成卡特尔16人格因素测验(Cattell’’s 16 Personality Factor,16PF)和明尼苏达多相人格测验(Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory,MMPI)评估,按照年龄分为30~39岁组和40~49岁组,比较不同年龄组试飞员16PF和MMPI得分。结果歼击机试飞员选拔年龄适用条件为30~35岁,飞行时间为1000 h以上;轰炸机及运输机试飞员选拔年龄适用条件为30~35岁,无飞行时间限制;两类试飞员选拔均应符合高性能战斗机飞行员体格要求。MMPI得分中,30~39岁组试飞员的校正量表得分显著高于40~49岁组(U=97.50,P=0.040),精神分裂量表得分则显著低于40~49岁组(U=95.50,P=0.035),其他人格特征量表得分组间差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05)。结论不同机种试飞员选拔对飞行时间的要求不同。不同年龄段试飞员人格特征差异不显著,但仍需进一步研究试飞员选拔的年龄标准。

iOCT在玻璃体视网膜手术中的指导作用

目的:评估手术中光学相干断层扫描(iOCT)在玻璃体视网膜手术中的临床指导作用。方法:回顾性系列病例研究。采用随机抽样方法将2021年2—12月因黄斑裂孔、黄斑前膜、玻璃体积血等疾病需眼底手术就诊于武汉艾格眼科医院的患者82例(82眼)纳入研究。所有患眼均由同一位医师主刀行25G玻璃体切割术,并在术中行iOCT检查。记录术前、术中和术后黄斑区视网膜结构的变化。对比术者在显微镜下的观察判断和iOCT呈现的图示结果是否一致,并记录分析。结果:纳入患者中男42例(42眼),女40例(40眼)。年龄35~78(63.0±7.0)岁。术前诊断包括黄斑前膜25眼(30%)、黄斑裂孔16眼(20%)、黄斑劈裂13眼(16%)、玻璃体积血25眼(30%)、玻璃体黄斑牵拉综合征3眼(4%)。对于黄斑区手术的患眼,术中可动态观察黄斑区剥膜前后的状态变化。玻璃体积血患者中,糖尿病性视网膜病变12眼、视网膜静脉阻塞7眼、视网膜裂孔3眼、视网膜大动脉瘤2眼、息肉样脉络膜视网膜病变1眼;有19眼黄斑区iOCT扫描结构异常,其中黄斑水肿10眼,黄斑前膜5眼,黄斑水肿伴黄斑前膜2眼,黄斑萎缩2眼。术者显微镜下的观察和判断与iOCT图示结果一致有69眼(84%),不一致有13眼(16%)。11眼(13%)因iOCT而改变治疗策略,其中包括黄斑裂孔4眼、黄斑前膜3眼、玻璃体积血4眼。结论:iOCT能较清晰地实时动态观察术中眼部视网膜情况,特别是黄斑区细微结构,能及时指导术者更适合的手术方式。