Improving chemical and sensory quality of high-oleic peanut by application of foliar fertilizer

High-oleic peanut is favored by consumers because its a longer shelf life and benefits for cardiovascular health.Up to the high-oleic standard and with good taste is essential for peanut products in food processing.The aim of present study was to explore the effect of foliar fertilizers on chemical and eating quality of high-oleic peanuts.Three high-oleic peanut cultivars,namely Huayu 09C2,Huayu 9621,and Huayu 962,were used as materials.Huayu 09C2 and Huayu 9621 were planted in Fuxin,Liaoning,foliar sprayed with Fosforil at 2250 mL/ha,and Huayu 962 was sown in Jvnan,Shandong,foliar sprayed with Foliplus at 1500/3000 mL/ha.The chemical and sensory quality of peanut harvested from the treatment plots and controls was evaluated.Results showed that,Huayu 09C2 and Huayu 9621,foliar spraying with Fosforil in Fuxin,Huayu 962,foliar spraying with Foliplus in Jvnan,all still maintained high oleate content levels,and the Fosforil treatment was effective in raising the intensity of sweetness of roasted kernels.This study demonstrated the feasibility of improving chemical and sensory quality of high-oleic peanut through foliar fertilizer.

Effect of variety and seed dressing on emergence of high-oleic peanut under low temperature and high soil humidity conditions

Low temperature coupled with high soil moisture during sowing to emergence generally results in poor peanut stand,thereby posing a non-negligible threat to peanut production in north and northeast China.Five high-oleic(HO)peanut cultivars and 4 seed dressing treatments capable of controlling several diseases and insect pests along with untreated checks were used to find the best combinations to cope with the dual stresses during sowing to emergence period.High broad-sense hereditability estimates of seedling emergence indicated great potential for genetic improvement of this trait.Analysis of variance in the split-plot experiment showed that the main effects of variety and seed dressing and their interaction on seedling emergence were significant.Seed dressing treatments increased seedling emergence percentage by 2.09–35.00 percent points.Four of the 5 HO peanut cultivars yielded satisfactory results.For Huayu 665,Huayu 668 and Huayu 965,Huweisanbao may be the best option;for Huayu 962,Weilidan was highly acceptable.These combinations will be evaluated further in multiple environments before large-scale extension.

Combining ability for main quality traits in peanut(Arachis hypogaea L.)

High-oleic peanuts has been recognized by processing sectors,seed sellers and consumers for their longer shelf life,longer seed life and mutiple healthe benefits.High oleate is becoming a requisite for varietal releases in many peanut breeding programs at present.To select desirable parents for high-oleic peanut breeding,the study was conducted to evaluate the combining ability of 5 high-oleic donors from our research team,based on quality of individual single seeds.General combining ability was significant for oleic,linoleic,stearic and palmitic acid,oil and protein,while specific combining ability was significant for the traits except oil.Among them,oil content was found to be conditioned solely by additive gene actions,and for other quality traits,additive gene effects were more important than non-additive gene effects.High-oleic CTW and normal-oleic Xiaojingsheng were selected as the best general combiners for peanut oleic acid improvement.Narrow-sense heritability was high for quality traits other than protein,suggesting that there was high potential for genetic improvement in these traits.

An improved high-oleic line created by chemical mutagen of ‘Huayu 40’

By using chemical mutagenesis, ‘Huayu 40’, a normal-oleic(NO) large-seed high yielding peanut cultivar with wide adaptability was transformed into mutants with desirable high-oleic(HO) quality traits, comparable productivity and adaptability. Of the 3 chemical treatments, viz. 5 mM ethyl methane sulfonate(EMS), 25 mM EMS and 15 mM sodium azide(NaN_3), only NaN_3 produced HO M_2 mutant plants. High oleate phenotype was initially identified by near infrared spectroscopy(NIRS) screening, and was further confirmed by gas spectrometry(GC) analysis. Sequence analysis showed that HO plant had a 448 G>A mutation in FAD2 A and a 441_442 insA mutation in FAD2 B, respectively. Although the direct use of high yielding and stress resistant cultivars/lines to induce quality mutations might be a judicious choice to accelerate breeding, our results showed that chemical mutagenesis could quickly create HO peanut materials and expand the genetic bases of HO peanuts.