Research on Operation Optimization of Heating System Based on Electric Storage Coupled Solar Energy and Air Source Heat Pump

For heating systems based on electricity storage coupled with solar energy and an air source heat pump(ECSA),choosing the appropriate combination of heat sources according to local conditions is the key to improving economic efficiency.In this paper,four cities in three climatic regions in China were selected,namely Nanjing in the hot summer and cold winter region,Tianjin in the cold region,Shenyang and Harbin in the severe cold winter region.The levelized cost of heat(LCOH)was used as the economic evaluation index,and the energy consumption and emissions of different pollutants were analyzed.TRNSYS software was used to simulate and analyze the system performance.The Hooke-Jeeves optimization algorithm and GenOpt software were used to optimize the system parameters.The results showed that ECSA systemhad an excellent operation effect in cold region and hot summer and cold winter region.Compared with ECS system,the systemenergy consumption,and the emission of different pollutants of ECSA system can be reduced by a maximum of 1.37 times.In cold region,the initial investment in an air source heat pump is higher due to the lower ambient temperature,resulting in an increase in the LOCH value of ECSA system.After the LOCH value of ECSA system in each region was optimized,the heating cost of the system was reduced,but also resulted in an increase in energy consumption and the emission of different pollutant gases.

Targeting hypoxia-induced CBS expression inhibits breast cancer stem cells through the induction of ferroptosis

Triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC)has a poor prognosis because of its aggressive characteristics and lack of targeted therapies.1 Recently,it has been reported that TNBC is sensitiveto ferroptosis,an iron-dependent type of programmed cell death,making it a potential target for the treatment of TNBC.2 Breast cancer stem cells(BCSCs),a small population of cancer cells that possess the infinite proliferative potential and tumor-initiating properties,play important roles in drug resistance.3 The responses of BCsCs to ferroptosis-inducing agents are controversial and remain elusive.