幼儿园教师融合教育胜任力的问卷编制及初步应用

幼儿园教师的融合教育胜任力对于提升学前融合教育质量至关重要。本研究以950名有融合教育经验的在岗专任教师为研究对象,编制了《幼儿园教师融合教育胜任力问卷》。探索性因素分析发现幼儿园教师融合教育胜任力包括辅具使用、言行鼓励、家园沟通、环境改变、行为支持、预设调整6个维度。验证性因素分析表明此6维度模型数据拟合较好,问卷的信度和效度均达到心理测量学要求。利用该问卷对363名幼儿园教师进行调查,结果表明当前幼儿园教师的融合教育胜任力总体水平较高;融合幼儿园教师的胜任力水平显著高于非融合幼儿园教师;普通学前儿童家长的融合教育态度不同,其所在班级的教师胜任力也存在显著差异。为提升幼儿园教师的融合教育胜任力水平,国家应设置学前融合教育资源教师岗位,幼儿园教师资格证考试应适度增加学前融合教育内容,以此保障学前融合教育的师资。同时,幼儿园应注意在家园合作中渗透融合教育价值观,提高普通儿童家长对学前融合教育的接受度,使其支持班级教师开展融合教育。

Influence of microwave irradiation on the preparation of novolacs for the shell process

In this paper, the characteristics of the preparation of novolacs for the shell process under microwaveirradiation are investigated. Both polymerization and dehydration of the resins under microwave irradiation are comparedwith those under conventional heating and further analysis is made. The results show that compared with those underconventional heating, the polymerization and dehydration time under microwave irradiation are shortened by 85.2% and80.7% respectively; On the other hand, the polymerization and dehydration under microwave irradiation lead to aremarkable increase in flow distance of the resins. Furthermore, the polymerization under microwave irradiation leads toreduced cure time, while the dehydration under microwave irradiation causes a slight increase in cure time.

Effects of Organic Fertilizers Made from Distiller＇s Grains on the Growth and Development of Flue-cured Tobacco

Pot experiments were conducted to study the effects of different organic fertilizers made from distiller's grains on the physiological characteristics and growth of flue-cured tobacco. The results showed that the agronomic traits and biomass of flue-cured tobacco in the three treatments were higher than that of the control group,and the mixed application of different organic fertilizers made from distiller's grains and compound fertilizer could promote the growth and development of flue-cured tobacco significantly.

Effects of Distiller's Grain Substrate with Acid Regulation on the Growth of Tobacco Seedlings in Floating Breeding System

In order to reduce the use of peat resources and realize the sustainable development of tobacco,the pH of distiller's grain substrate was adjusted with humic acid,and the effects of various distiller's grain substrates on the growth of tobacco seedlings were studied to find out the method of cultivating high-quality tobacco seedlings by using distiller's grain substrate. The results showed that when 60% of humic acid was added to the distiller's grain substrate made from coarse distiller's grains,fine distiller's grains,perlite and vermiculite,both the pH and electrical conductivity decreased significantly and were similar to that of the conventional substrate. Moreover,the emergence rate of tobacco seedlings,the rate of strong tobacco seedlings,leaf number,stem height,root growth and quality of tobacco seedlings were good.

High-throughput microfabrication of axially tunable helices

Helical structures exhibit novel optical and mechanical properties and are commonly used in different fields such as metamaterials and microfluidics. A few methods exist for fabricating helical microstructures, but none of them has the throughput or flexibility required for patterning a large surface area with tunable pitch. In this paper, we report a method for fabricating helical structures with adjustable forms over large areas based on multiphoton polymerization(MPP) using single-exposure, three dimensionally structured, self-accelerating, axially tunable light fields. The light fields are generated as a superposition of high-order Bessel modes and have a closed-form expression relating the design of the phase mask to the rotation rate of the beam. The method is used to fabricate helices with different pitches and handedness in the material SU-8. Compared to point-by-point scanning, the method reported here can be used to reduce fabrication time by two orders of magnitude, paving the way for adopting MPP in many industrial applications.

Experimental study of stratified lean burn characteristics on a dual injection gasoline engine

Due to increasingly stringent fuel consumption and emission regulation,improving thermal efficiency and reducing particulate matter emissions are two main issues for next generation gasoline engine.Lean burn mode could greatly reduce pumping loss and decrease the fuel consumption of gasoline engines,although the burning rate is decreased by higher diluted intake air.In this study,dual injection stratified combustion mode is used to accelerate the burning rate of lean burn by increasing the fuel concentration near the spark plug.The effects of engine control parameters such as the excess air coefficient(Lambda),direct injection(DI)ratio,spark interval with DI,and DI timing on combustion,fuel consumption,gaseous emissions,and particulate emissions of a dual injection gasoline engine are studied.It is shown that the lean burn limit can be extended to Lambda=1.8 with a low compression ratio of 10,while the fuel consumption can be obviously improved at Lambda=1.4.There exists a spark window for dual injection stratified lean burn mode,in which the spark timing has a weak effect on combustion.With optimization of the control parameters,the brake specific fuel consumption(BSFC)decreases 9.05%more than that of original stoichiometric combustion with DI as 2 bar brake mean effective pressure(BMEP)at a 2000 r/min engine speed.The NO_(x) emissions before threeway catalyst(TWC)are 71.31%lower than that of the original engine while the particle number(PN)is 81.45%lower than the original engine.The dual injection stratified lean burn has a wide range of applications which can effectively reduce fuel consumption and particulate emissions.The BSFC reduction rate is higher than 5%and the PN reduction rate is more than 50%with the speed lower than 2400 r/min and the load lower than 5 bar.