Based on the outpatient interview and literature review, the initial framework of the outpatient experience of human caring scale was formed with 9 dimensions of outpatient process. The research aim was to improve the...Based on the outpatient interview and literature review, the initial framework of the outpatient experience of human caring scale was formed with 9 dimensions of outpatient process. The research aim was to improve the scale by Delphi method. Sixteen experts in medical management, human caring or medical education were invited to evaluate the importance of the dimensions and items of the scale and provided some expertise via filling out the DeLphi consultation questionnaires twice in the consulting round. In the first round, the recovery rate showing the experts＇ positivity was 80%; the coefficient of reliability （Cr） ascertaining the authority of the evaluation was 0.92; the mean and full mark ratios responding the concentration of the evaluation were 2.88-4.94 and 6.25%-93.75% respectively; the coefficients of variation （CV） and the Kendall＇s W determining the concordance of the evaluation were 5.06%-52.15% and 0.21-0.24 respectively. In the second round, the recovery rate was 93.75%; the Cr was 0.93; the mean was 3.93-4.93; the full mark ratios were 26.67%-93.33%; the Kendall＇s W was 0.14- 0.31, the CV was 5.25%-23.61%. Via the two-round Delphi study, the scale that included 10 dimensions and 61 items has been improved. Ten dimensions are pre-hospital medical service, guidance, registration, waiting, diagnosis ＆ treatment, paying, inspection ＆ assay, medicine receiving, therapy/injection/transfusion and global evaluation. It was concluded that Chinese scholars have paid high attention to human caring and outpatient experience. The experts have given high agreements about the dimensions which were established with Chinese outpatient process. The dimensions are different from the similar researches about outpatient experience study. In the future, it is necessary to survey the outpatients to test the construct validity, internal consistency reliability and others of the scale to improve the scale.展开更多
The first diastereodivergent formal[4+1]cycloaddition reactions of azoalkenes with p-quinone methides(pQMs)have been accomplished.The reported reaction occurred via a domino oxa-1,4-addition/1,6-addition process,allow...The first diastereodivergent formal[4+1]cycloaddition reactions of azoalkenes with p-quinone methides(pQMs)have been accomplished.The reported reaction occurred via a domino oxa-1,4-addition/1,6-addition process,allowing the use of common azoalkenes as C1 synthons.A broad range of 2,3-dihydrobenzofurans was smoothly prepared in good yields and with reversible diastereoselectivities.The steric hindrance and hydrogenbonding interaction were proposed to account for the two different modes of diastereo-control.The projected reaction features the employment of azoalkene as carbene-like C1 synthon,mild conditions,broad substrate scope and tunable diastereoselectivity.展开更多
基金supported by Guizhou Provincial Science and Technology Foundation,China(No.[2019]1229)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21361007,51776046)。
文摘通过高温固相技术合成Ho^(3+)和Yb^(3+)共掺杂La_(7)P_(3)O_(18)上转换荧光粉。XRD结果表明,合成样品是空间群为P21/n的单斜结构的La_(7)P_(3)O_(18)晶体和少量La PO4晶体的混合物。紫外可见漫反射光谱结果证实La_(7)P_(3)O_(18)晶体是一种光学带隙为4.10 e V的间接半导体。经980 nm激光激发,Ho^(3+)和Yb^(3+)共掺杂La_(7)P_(3)O_(18)荧光粉发射出Ho^(3+)离子特征的蓝色(486 nm)、绿色(550 nm)和红色(661 nm)特征峰,其中,661 nm处发射峰在样品上转换发光光谱中占主导地位。此外,随着Ho^(3+)和Yb^(3+)掺杂量的增加,样品上转换发光强度先增大后减小。当Ho^(3+)和Yb^(3+)的掺杂量分别达到1%和10%(摩尔分数)时,样品出现浓度猝灭现象,其机制为电四极-电四极相互作用。泵浦功率和发光强度关系表明,样品的绿光和红光发射均源于双光子吸收过程激发。Ho^(3+)和Yb^(3+)共掺杂La_(7)P_(3)O_(18)晶体上转换发光色坐标位于橙红色区域。
文摘Based on the outpatient interview and literature review, the initial framework of the outpatient experience of human caring scale was formed with 9 dimensions of outpatient process. The research aim was to improve the scale by Delphi method. Sixteen experts in medical management, human caring or medical education were invited to evaluate the importance of the dimensions and items of the scale and provided some expertise via filling out the DeLphi consultation questionnaires twice in the consulting round. In the first round, the recovery rate showing the experts＇ positivity was 80%; the coefficient of reliability （Cr） ascertaining the authority of the evaluation was 0.92; the mean and full mark ratios responding the concentration of the evaluation were 2.88-4.94 and 6.25%-93.75% respectively; the coefficients of variation （CV） and the Kendall＇s W determining the concordance of the evaluation were 5.06%-52.15% and 0.21-0.24 respectively. In the second round, the recovery rate was 93.75%; the Cr was 0.93; the mean was 3.93-4.93; the full mark ratios were 26.67%-93.33%; the Kendall＇s W was 0.14- 0.31, the CV was 5.25%-23.61%. Via the two-round Delphi study, the scale that included 10 dimensions and 61 items has been improved. Ten dimensions are pre-hospital medical service, guidance, registration, waiting, diagnosis ＆ treatment, paying, inspection ＆ assay, medicine receiving, therapy/injection/transfusion and global evaluation. It was concluded that Chinese scholars have paid high attention to human caring and outpatient experience. The experts have given high agreements about the dimensions which were established with Chinese outpatient process. The dimensions are different from the similar researches about outpatient experience study. In the future, it is necessary to survey the outpatients to test the construct validity, internal consistency reliability and others of the scale to improve the scale.
基金support from the Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province(No.222300420084)the Application Research Plan of Key Scientific Research Projects in Colleges and Universities of Henan Province(No.22A150056)is gratefully acknowledged.
文摘The first diastereodivergent formal[4+1]cycloaddition reactions of azoalkenes with p-quinone methides(pQMs)have been accomplished.The reported reaction occurred via a domino oxa-1,4-addition/1,6-addition process,allowing the use of common azoalkenes as C1 synthons.A broad range of 2,3-dihydrobenzofurans was smoothly prepared in good yields and with reversible diastereoselectivities.The steric hindrance and hydrogenbonding interaction were proposed to account for the two different modes of diastereo-control.The projected reaction features the employment of azoalkene as carbene-like C1 synthon,mild conditions,broad substrate scope and tunable diastereoselectivity.
