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控释肥料对早熟油菜产量、养分吸收和肥料利用率的影响(英文) 被引量:4
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作者 Chang TIAN Xuan ZHOU +6 位作者 Qiang LIU Jian-wei PENG Wen-ming WANG Zhen-hua ZHANG Yong YANG Hai-xing SONG chun-yun guan 《Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology)》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2016年第10期775-786,共12页
目的:氮(N)、磷(P)和钾(K)是作物生长发育所必需的营养元素。然而,过度地投入会导致田间低效的利用率,造成大量养分损失,影响土壤、水和大气的质量,以及人类健康和生物多样性。因此,本实验研究控释肥料(CRF)是否可以替代可溶性肥料(SF)... 目的:氮(N)、磷(P)和钾(K)是作物生长发育所必需的营养元素。然而,过度地投入会导致田间低效的利用率,造成大量养分损失,影响土壤、水和大气的质量,以及人类健康和生物多样性。因此,本实验研究控释肥料(CRF)是否可以替代可溶性肥料(SF),有效地增加作物产量,提高肥料利用率,减少田间养分损失。创新点:连续2年(2011~2013年)在中国南方红黄壤地区开展田间试验,研究控释肥料对早熟油菜(湘杂油1613)的产量、生长、养分吸收和肥料利用率的影响。可更好地解决稻-稻-油生产过程中的季节矛盾,简化油菜生产模式,增加农民收入,并确保国家粮油安全。方法:设置SF和等量CRF五个施用量处理,即SF1/CRF1(3750 kg/hm^2)、SF2/CRF2(3000 kg/hm^2)、SF3/CRF3(2250 kg/hm^2)、SF4/CRF4(1500 kg/hm^2)和SF5/CRF5(750 kg/hm^2),以及不施肥处理(CK)。结论:CRF处理油菜产量较SF处理两年平均提高14.51%,其中CRF4和SF3处理获得最大产量(2066.97和1844.50 kg/hm^2),其次是CRF3处理(1929.97 kg/hm^2)和SF4处理(1839.40 kg/hm^2)。此外,CRF4处理利润最高(人民币7126.4元每公顷),与SF4处理相比,其油菜产量增加12.37%和单位肥料施用量下降11.01%。较SF处理,CRF处理显著增加油菜分支数、角果数和干物质重量(P<0.05)。单株角果数是油菜产量构成的主要因素。随着肥料施用量的增加,N、P和K吸收量先增加后下降,而N、P和K利用率均降低。同时,CRF处理的N、P、K吸收量和N、P、K利用率显著高于SF处理的结果(P<0.05)。CRF处理N素累积量和N素利用率较SF处理平均提高13.66%和9.74个百分点。总之,CRF一次性基施显著促进油菜的生长发育,通过提供后期生长阶段足够的养分,最终减少了土壤中的养分残余和增加了植株的养分积累,提高了肥料利用率。 展开更多
关键词 早熟油菜 控释肥料 产量 养分吸收 肥料利用率
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Proteomic analysis of differentially expressed proteins between Xiangyou 15 variety and the mutant M15 被引量:5
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作者 Zhen-Qian ZHANG Gang XIAO +7 位作者 Rui-Yang LIU Tai-Long TAN chun-yun guan Guo-Huai WANG She-Yuan CHEN Xian-Meng WU Mei guan Qin LI 《Frontiers in Biology》 CAS CSCD 2014年第3期234-243,共10页
A high oleic acid rapeseed material MI5 (derived from Xiangyou 15 variety) has been received more attention for its significant effect for human health. And it has almost the same physiological characteristic with X... A high oleic acid rapeseed material MI5 (derived from Xiangyou 15 variety) has been received more attention for its significant effect for human health. And it has almost the same physiological characteristic with Xiangyou 15 variety. To find out the difference between high oleic acid rapeseed material and Xiangyou 15 seedling, a comparative proteomic approach based on 2-DE and mass spectrometry was adopted. A total of 277 protein spots showed a significant change in intensity by more than 2.0-fold from M15 compared with Xiangyou 15 variety. Among them, 48 spots that changed at least 3.0-fold were excised from gels and successfully identified by MALDI-TOF/TOF MS. The identified proteins involved in metabolism of carbohydrate and energy (75%), stress and defense (8.3%), photosynthesis (6.3%), protein metabolism (2.1%) and other functions (8.3%). Then real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) analysis was used to verify the expression levels of differentially expressed proteins, but the results did well agree with the proteomic results. In this work, most of the proteins involved in metabolism of carbohydrate and energy have higher expression in M15, which may reveal M15 has higher metabolism ability. These results provided much information to understand the differences between high oleic acid rapeseed material and Xiangyou 15 variety, which will be useful to screen high oleic rapeseed materials in seedling period. 展开更多
关键词 proteomic analysis high oleic acid 2-D electrophoresis real-time quantitative PCR
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