A design for precise scanning magnetic field control for the beam delivery system of the Shanghai Advanced Proton Therapy Facility(APTRON) is presented in this paper. With a novel feedforward algorithm to compensate f...A design for precise scanning magnetic field control for the beam delivery system of the Shanghai Advanced Proton Therapy Facility(APTRON) is presented in this paper. With a novel feedforward algorithm to compensate for magnet hysteresis, the scanning magnetic field can be controlled to within a precision of ± 2.5 G.The main advantage of the proposed feedforward algorithm is that the average settling time is shorter compared with that of a conventional feedback algorithm with acceptable tolerance.展开更多
Cu/Al laminar composite was prepared by dipping Zn layer and then electroplating Cu thick layer on pure Al sheet.During annealing the Cu/Al composites at temperature from 473 to 673 K, the Cu/Al interfacial diffusion ...Cu/Al laminar composite was prepared by dipping Zn layer and then electroplating Cu thick layer on pure Al sheet.During annealing the Cu/Al composites at temperature from 473 to 673 K, the Cu/Al interfacial diffusion and reaction and itskinetics and also the electrical resistivity of the composites were studied. The results show that no Cu?Al IMC layer is observable asthe composites are annealed at 473 K for time till 360 h, indicating that the Zn intermediate layer can effectively suppress the Cu/Alinterfacial diffusion. However, as the composites are annealed at 573 K and above, Zn atoms in the Zn layer dissolve into the Culayer. Tri-layered reaction product of CuAl2/CuAl/Cu9Al4 then forms from the Al side to the Cu side. The IMC layer follows thediffusion-controlled growth kinetics. Electrical resistivity of the Cu/Al composites increases with the increase of the annealingtemperature and time.展开更多
基金supported by the Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS(No.2016238)
文摘A design for precise scanning magnetic field control for the beam delivery system of the Shanghai Advanced Proton Therapy Facility(APTRON) is presented in this paper. With a novel feedforward algorithm to compensate for magnet hysteresis, the scanning magnetic field can be controlled to within a precision of ± 2.5 G.The main advantage of the proposed feedforward algorithm is that the average settling time is shorter compared with that of a conventional feedback algorithm with acceptable tolerance.
基金Project(2012QTXM0751)supported by the Scientific and Technological Research Project,State Grid,China
文摘Cu/Al laminar composite was prepared by dipping Zn layer and then electroplating Cu thick layer on pure Al sheet.During annealing the Cu/Al composites at temperature from 473 to 673 K, the Cu/Al interfacial diffusion and reaction and itskinetics and also the electrical resistivity of the composites were studied. The results show that no Cu?Al IMC layer is observable asthe composites are annealed at 473 K for time till 360 h, indicating that the Zn intermediate layer can effectively suppress the Cu/Alinterfacial diffusion. However, as the composites are annealed at 573 K and above, Zn atoms in the Zn layer dissolve into the Culayer. Tri-layered reaction product of CuAl2/CuAl/Cu9Al4 then forms from the Al side to the Cu side. The IMC layer follows thediffusion-controlled growth kinetics. Electrical resistivity of the Cu/Al composites increases with the increase of the annealingtemperature and time.
