Professor Jia Chunsheng's instruction on clinical application of"elements for acupuncture effect orientation"in the Song to Elucidate Mysteries

Professor Jia Chunsheng is one of the sixth of old traditional Chinese medicine experts,and often instructs students in ordinary clinics to attach importance to learning and clinical practices of classic works.Now Professor Jia Chunsheng selects a poet-Song to Elucidate Mysteries in the Guidelines of Acupuncture Classic by Dou Hanqing in the Jin and Yuan Dynasties,and requires the students to read carefully,investigate deeply,and apply at times;Moreover,Professor Jia Chunsheng discusses the"important factors to achieve good clinical therapeutic effects by acupuncture"contained in the Song to Elucidate Mysteries,in many aspects of understanding acupoint characteristics,defining clearly acupoint compatibility,selecting appropriate needling manipulation,how to determine needling depth,how to determine needling direction,how to determine needle retention time,and how to select acupuncture&moxibustion method,etc.Now they are discussed as follows,to discover and spread Dou's acupuncture technique and to increase clinical therapeutic effects.

灸法用于癌症治疗的选穴规律分析

Objective:To summarize the rules of acupoint selection in treatment of cancer with moxibustion by analyzing the articles of relevant clinical trials in recent years in China,so as to provide the references for acupoint selection of moxibustion for cancer.Methods:The articles of clinical trials for treatment of cancer with moxibustion were retrieved from China National knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),VIP Chinese Journal Service Platform(VIP)and Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform(Wanfang)from 1st January 2015 to 30th June 2021.Using EpiData software,the data were extracted and exported in Excel.The analysis was performed with IBM SPSS Statistics 23 software.Results:A total of 516 articles were collected,including 533 prescriptions with 164 acupoints involved.The high-frequency acupoints were similar among 7 types of cancers and these acupoints mostly acted on supporting the antipathogenic qi,replenishing qi and regulating the spleen and stomach.Regarding meridian tropism,the acupoints from the conception vessel,the governor vessel and bladder meridian were dominant in treatment of cancer with moxibustion.In terms of location distribution,the selected acupoints were generally distributed on the chest,abdomen,lumbar region and the upper back of the body.Based on cancer related symtomes in different systems,the use frequency of Zusanli(ST36)was the highest for the symptoms of the immune,digestive,circulatory and motor systems;that of Feishu(BL13)was the highest for the respiratory system symptoms and that of Guanyuan(CV4)was the highest for the urinary system symptoms.The cluster analysis of high-frequency acupoints showed that the acupoints of moxibustion for cancer generally work on cultivating yang,supporting the antipathogenic qi,strengthening the spleen and harmonizing the stomach,and were selected in association with the clinical symptoms of different cancers.

Effects of different courses of moxibustion treatment on intestinal flora and inflammation of a rat model of knee osteoarthritis

Objective:This study was done to determine the effects of different courses of moxibustion on a rat knee osteoarthritis(KOA)model,and explore the dose–effect relationship of moxibustion on KOA from the perspectives of intestinal flora and inflammatory factors.Methods:Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups:normal,model,moxibustion for 2 weeks,moxibustion for 4 weeks and moxibustion for 6 weeks groups(n=5 each group).A KOA rat model was induced by monosodium iodoacetate,and moxibustion intervention was performed at the acupoints“Dubi”(ST35)and“Zusanli”(ST36),once every other day.Pathologic changes in the cartilage of rat knee joints were assessed after intervention,and fecal samples were subjected to 16 S r RNA high-throughput sequencing for microbial diversity analysis.Results:Damage to the knee articular cartilage was obvious in the model group,which also had increased levels of pro-inflammatory factors,decreased levels of anti-inflammatory factors,and intestinal flora disorders with decreased diversity.The degree of cartilage damage in the 4 and 6 weeks of moxibustion groups was significantly improved compared with the model group.The 4 and 6 weeks of moxibustion groups also demonstrated reduced levels of interleukin-1βand tumor necrosis factor-a and increased levels of interleukin-10(P<0.05).Both the abundance and diversity of the intestinal flora were increased,approaching those of the normal group.Abundances of probiotics Eubacterium coprostanoligenes group and Ruminococcaceae UCG-014 increased,while that of the pathogenic bacteria Lachnospiraceae NK4 A136 group decreased(P<0.05).Although the abundance of Lachnospiraceae NK4 A136 group decreased in the 2 weeks of moxibustion group compared with the model group(P<0.05),there was no statistically significant difference in serum inflammatory factors,flora species diversity or degree of pathological damage compared with the model group.Conclusion:Moxibustion treatment led to significant improvements in the intestinal flora and inflammatory factors of rats with KOA.Moxibustion treatment of 4 and 6 weeks led to better outcomes than the 2-week course.Moxibustion for 4 and 6 weeks can regulate intestinal flora dysfunction with increased probiotics and reduced pathogenic bacteria,reduce pro-inflammatory factors and increase antiinflammatory factors.No significant differences were seen between the effects of moxibustion for 4 weeks and 6 weeks.

The explorationon on the characteristics of acupoint selection and the rule of acupoint combination in treatment of insomnia with acupuncture and moxibustion:Complex network analysis

Objective:To analyze the rule of acupoint combination of insomnia treated with modern acupuncturemoxibustion with complex network technology and further reveal the internal characteristics of acupoint combination.Methods:Using computer retrieval,the relevant clinical trials of acupuncture and moxibustion in treatment of insomnia were searched from China National knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform(Wanfang),VIP Chinese Journal Service Platform(VIP) and Pubmed Database in recent 5 years.The articles were screened according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,and then the database was set up and the acupoint prescriptions of acupuncture and moxibustion were extracted.Using Excel 2016 software,the data were processed and the frequency analysis was conducted.With SPSS Modeler 18.0,the association rules were analyzed.Using Gephi 0.9.2,the community analysis and complex network analysis were conducted.Results:Finally,766 articles were eligible and 1276 acupoint prescriptions were extracted with 186 acupoints involved.The acupoints with the highest frequency of use were Shénmén(神门 HT7),Bǎihuì(百会GV20) and Sānyīnjiāo(三阴交SP6).The meridians with the highest frequency were bladder meridian and the governor vessel.The acupoints located on the head and foot were mostly selected.The specific points involved were the crossing points,five-shu points and yuan-source points.The main core paired points referred to HT7 and SP6,HT7 and GV20 as well as HT7 and Nèiguān(内关PC6).The meridians with the highest confidence level appeared among heart meridian of hand-shaoyin,spleen meridian of foot-taiyin and kidney meridian of foot-shaoyin.The modular analysis of complex network obtained 4 core communities and topology analysis obtained 35 core points.The main prescription was composed of HT7,GV20,SP6,Sìshéncōng(四神聪EX-HN1),PC6,Tàixī(太溪KI3),Zúsānlǐ(足三里ST36),Tàichōng(太冲LR3),Anmián(安眠EX-HN18),Yìntáng(印堂EX-HN3),Zhàohǎi(照海KI6),Shēnmài(申脉BL62) and Fēngchí(风池 GB20).Conclusion:Acupuncture-moxibustion therapy focuses on regulating the mind/spirit of the heart and brain,as well as of five zang organs.The general treatment principles are regaining consciousness and opening the orifice,replenishing yin and reducing yang,nourishing the heart and tranquilizing.The supplementary points are mostly the combination of distal and nearby points and the combination of the acupoints located in the upper and the lower parts of the body.The back-shu points and the front-mu points are generally used,while the crossing point as the specific point is especially applied.All of these summaries provide the reference and guidance for clinical application and scientific research.

Exploration on the feasibility of moxibustion in prevention and treatment of COVID-19 from the perspective of modern medical mechanism

Novel coronavirus pneumonia(COVID-19)is rampant in many countries and regions and there is no time to delay the exploration of the scheme for its prevention and control.The pathogenic characteristics of novel coronavirus and the effect of moxibustion for warming up yang and strengthening the antipathogenic qi were analyzed in this paper.From the perspective of modern medical mechanism,during the prevention and treatment of novel coronaviral infection,moxibustion may be able to prevent and treat COVID-19 by improving the body’s immunity so as to conquer virus,by anti-inflammation to alleviate the inflammatory response of COVID-19 and by improving lung function to inhibit pulmonary fibrosis.

Improved Five-Parameter Exponential-Type Potential Energy Model for Diatomic Molecules

The dissociation energy and equilibrium bond length as explicit parameters are used to establish an improved five-parameter exponential-type potential energy model for diatomic molecules. We demonstrate that the five-parameter exponential-type potential is identical to the Tietz potential for diatomic molecules. It is observed that the improved five-parameter exponential-type potential can well model the internuclear interaction potential energy curve for the ground electronic state of the carbon monoxide molecule by the utilization of the experimental values of three molecular constants.

Does not acupuncture at nerve trunk belong to acupuncture of traditional Chinese medicine?

With the reason that its therapeutic effect is related to neurotomy, acupuncture at nerve trunk is taken as an independent therapy from acupuncture of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) in aspect of its origination and development. Through acupuncture literature study, the authors consulted many acupuncture therapies that is related to nerve trunk from ancient time to present. In association with current progress of mechanism study of acupuncture, it is believed that acupuncture at nerve trunk has been the therapy in the scope of acupuncture from the ancient time, rather than an independent acupuncture therapy out of the scope of acupuncture in TCM.

Clinical application of the second metacarpal bone lateral needling

Objective： To explore the rules of the second metacarpal bone lateral needling in clinical application and its characteristics so as to provide the guidance to clinical practice.Methods： Taking ＂the second metacarpal holographic acupuncture therapy＂ ＂the second metacarpal bone lateral needling＂ and ＂the second metacarpal bone＂ as the search terms, the papers on the second metacarpal bone lateral needling were retrieved from China National Knowledge Infrastructure（CNKI）and Wanfang database from January 1, 1974 to December 31, 2016 and were screened. Using the Excel2003, the database of the diseases treated by the second metacarpal bone lateral needling was set up.The indications, the acupoints selection rules and needling manipulation of this therapy were analyzed.Results： A total of 1103 papers were retrieved, of which, 446 papers were from CNKI and 657 from Wanfang database. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 54 papers were included for analysis finally. It was found that the indications of the second metacarpal bone lateral needling were predominated by the soft tissue injuries, especially acute lumbar sprain, ankle sprain and knee joint injury. Regarding the acupoints selection rules of the second metacarpal bone lateral needling, the corresponding points and tender points were commonly selected. Regarding the needling manipulation, the strong stimulation was required after needle insertion and the patient was required to move the affected areas while keeping the strong needling sensation. The needles were inserted 20 mm in depth along the skin mainly.The even-needling technique was exerted and the needles were retained for 30 min mainly.Conclusion： The second metacarpal bone lateral needling is applied to the treatment of soft tissue injuries. It is applicable for some internal diseases. The strong needling sensation and the motion of the local affected area are required especially in treatment with this therapy.

Clinical application rules of different micro needle system therapy

Different micro needle system therapies have different advantages and characteristics.However,at present,the dominant diseases for which each therapy is appropriate are positioned relatively vaguely,and even the acupoint selections for the same disease are different.The clinical application of the dominant disease and application characteristics of each micro needle system therapy is a scientific problem that needs to be explored urgently.Based on the previous data mining study of the clinical application of auricular acupuncture,scalp acupuncture,abdominal acupuncture,eye acupuncture,wrist-ankle acupuncture,hand acupuncture,the second metacarpal bone lateral needling,facial acupuncture,mouth acupuncture and nose acupuncture,the diseases reported more in the clinical literature of each therapy were extracted to find out the same symptoms applicable to different micro needle systems.The clinical application and differences of different micro needle systems for the same disease were compared horizontally,and it demonstrated that the second metacarpal bone lateral needling,facial needle,mouth acupuncture and nose acupuncture were biased towards a partial corresponding therapeutic relationship between one part and the other part,and the eye acupuncture was biased to interfere with the whole by adjusting the function of the organs,and the auricular,scalp and abdominal needles had the both characteristics,and the wrist-malleolus acupuncture and hand acupuncture were often used in various disorders of the meridian-collateral level.The differences were researched and summarized to more accurately guide clinicians in the application of different micro needle system therapies.