嵌入式铝/钢冷轧复合带材铝层的厚度波动形成机理与控制（英文）

研究压下率和铝带初始厚度对冷轧复合嵌入式铝/钢复合带材铝层厚度波动的影响,分析铝层厚度波动的形成机理,提出改善复合带材铝层厚度均匀性的措施。结果表明,随着压下率的增加,铝层厚度波动逐渐增大。当压下率低于40%时,初始铝带厚度对复合带材铝层厚度波动量的影响较小;当压下率高于40%时,随初始铝带厚度的减小,复合带材的厚度波动量增大。表面处理形成的钢带表面硬化层引起钢带表层变形和钢/铝界面结合程度不均匀是导致复合带材铝层厚度波动的主要原因。采用合适的钢带表面处理方式降低钢带表面硬化程度,改善钢带表层变形和钢/铝界面结合程度的均匀性,可有效降低铝/钢复合带材的铝层厚度波动。

Acupuncture therapy for experimental stomach ulcer and c-Fos expression in rats

AIM: To determine the role of acupuncture therapy in treating experimental gastric ulcer in rats.METHODS: Twenty-eight adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups (pre-acupuncture group; acupuncture group; paradistance-acupuncture group;and control group), and pre-acupuncture, paradistanceacupuncture, and control groups received 5 μL acetic acid (200 mL/L HAc) injection after a same course of electroacupuncture (EA) treatment (4 Hz, 0.6 mA, 0.45 ms,45 min for 4 d). The rats in these three groups recovered within 4 d. The acupuncture group received EA therapy for 4 d, after HAc injection. The stomach was dissected to compare the pathological structures of ulcer. Also c-Fos activation in the nuclei of solitary tract (NTS) was observed under microscope after regular immunohistochemistry staining of brain stem sections.RESULTS: The number of ulcers was different among the four groups, especially between control group and paradistance-acupuncture group or pre-acupuncture group. In the latter group, the number of ulcers was much less. The gastric ulcer area was consistent with the histopathological results, indicating that pre-acupuncture had an obvious therapeutic effect on gastric ulcers.Acupuncture had a very modest effect and paradistanceacupuncture had no effect on gastric ulcers. No therapeutic effect was found in the control group. Fos-Li neurons in NTS induced by noxious gastric ulcer showed a significant difference between pre-acupuncture and control groups.CONCLUSION: Acupuncture before ulceration can obviously alleviate ulcer. The production of c-Fos proves that the vagus nerve mediates the induction of c-Fos in nuclei of solitary tract following experimental ulceration,suggesting that parasympathetic afferents promote the process of noxious visceral stimulation.

Profiling of gene fusion involving targetable genes in Chinese gastric cancer

BACKGROUND Approximately half of all new cases of gastric cancer(GC)and related deaths occur in China.More than 80%of patients with GC are diagnosed at an advanced stage,which results in poor prognosis.Although HER2-directed therapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors have been somewhat successful,new drugs are still needed for the treatment of GC.Notably,several gene fusion-targeted drugs have been approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration for solid tumors,including GC,such as larotrectinib for NTRK fusion-positive cancers and zenocutuzumab for NRG1 fusion-positive cancers.However,gene fusions involving targetable genes have not been well characterized in Chinese patients with GC.AIM To identify the profile of fusions involving targetable genes in Chinese patients with GC using clinical specimens and determine the distribution of patients with gene fusion variants among the molecular subtypes of GC.METHODS We retrospectively analyzed gene fusion events in tumor tissue samples from 954 Chinese patients with GC.Clinicopathological characteristics were obtained from their medical records.Genetic alterations,such as single nucleotide variants,indels,amplifications,and gene fusions,were identified using a targeted sequencing panel containing 825 genes.Fusions were validated by fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH)using break-apart probes.The microsatellite instability(MSI)status was evaluated using MSIsensor from the targeted sequencing panel data.Tumor mutational burden(TMB)was calculated using the total number of nonsynonymous mutations divided by the total genomic targeted region.Chi-square analysis was used to determine the enrichment of gene fusions associated with the molecular subtypes of GC.RESULTS We found that 1.68%(16/954)of patients harbored 20 fusion events involving targetable genes.RARA fusions(n=5)were the most common,followed by FGFR2,BRAF,MET,FGFR3,RET,ALK,EGFR,NTRK2,and NRG1 fusions.Two of the RARA fusions,EML4-ALK(E6:E20)and EGFRSEPTIN14(E7:E10),have been identified in other tumors but not in GC.Surprisingly,18 gene fusion events were previously not reported in any cancer types.Twelve of the eighteen novel gene fusions included complete exons encoding functional domains of targetable genes,such as the tyrosine kinase domain of receptor tyrosine kinases and the DNA-and ligand-binding domains of RARA.Consistent with the results of detection using the targeted sequencing fusion panel,the results of FISH(fluorescence in situ hybridization)confirmed the rearrangement of FGFR2 and BRAF in tumors from patients 04 and 09,respectively.Genetic analysis indicated that the fusion genes were significantly enriched in patients with ERBB2 amplification(P=0.02);however,there were no significant differences between fusion-positive and fusion-negative patients in age,sex,MSI status,and TMB.CONCLUSION We characterized the landscape of fusions involving targetable genes in a Chinese GC cohort and found that 1.68%of patients with GC harbor potential targetable gene fusions,which were enriched in patients with ERBB2 amplification.Gene fusion detection may provide a potential treatment strategy for patients with GC with disease progression following standard therapy.

Analytical Design of Fractional Order Proportional Integral Derivative Controller and Fuzzy Proportional Integral Derivative Controller for High Order System

In this paper,three tuning methods of the integer order proportional integral derivative(IOPID)controller,the fuzzy proportional integral derivative(FPID)controller and the fractional order proportional integral derivative(FOPID)controller for high order system are presented respectively.Both IOPID controller and FOPID controller designed by the two tuning methods can satisfy all the three specifications proposed,which can guarantee the desired control performance and the robustness of the high order system to the loop gain variations.From the simulation results,the three controllers meet the dynamic performance requirements of high order system.Moreover,the FOPID controller,with the shortest overshoot and adjustment time,outperforms the IOPID controller and the FPID controller for the high order system.

Fractional Order Proportional Integral Derivative Controller Design and Simulation for Bioengineering Systems

This paper deals with the study of fractional order system tuning method based on Factional Order Proportional Integral Derivative( FOPID) controller in allusion to the nonlinear characteristics and fractional order mathematical model of bioengineering systems. The main contents include the design of FOPID controller and the simulation for bioengineering systems. The simulation results show that the tuning method of fractional order system based on the FOPID controller outperforms the fractional order system based on Fractional Order Proportional Integral( FOPI) controller. As it can enhance control character and improve the robustness of the system.

CO_(2) conversion and decarburization kinetics of CO_(2) gas and liquid Fe-C alloy at 1873 K

The reactions between CO_(2) gas and liquid Fe-C alloy with different initial carbon concentrations at 1873 K were investigated using experimental results,thermodynamic equilibrium,and kinetic analysis.The average CO_(2) conversion is greater than 80%when the carbon content ranges from 4.0 to 1.0 wt.%.When the carbon content decreases from 0.5 to 0.1 wt.%,the average CO_(2) conversion diminishes from 83.50%to 40.84%.This proves that CO_(2) gas and liquid Fe-C alloy reaction does not reach equilibrium under experimental conditions compared with the calculated thermodynamic data.Through the kinetic analysis,it is shown that in the medium-to high-carbon liquid Fe-C alloys,the rate-controlling step involves CO_(2) gas mass transfer or mixed rate-controlling of CO_(2) gas mass transfer with adsorption and dissociation of CO_(2) gas.In contrast,in the low-carbon liquid Fe-C alloy,carbon mass transfer occurs in the molten alloy.The critical carbon content of the rate-controlling step transformation is 0.7937 wt.%.

Dissociation of Tilt Dislocation Walls in Au

The movement or dissociation of dislocations is signifi cantly important for better understanding the plastic deformation mechanisms and mechanical properties of metals.It is commonly believed that a dislocation<110>/2 in Au is easy to dissociate into a pair of Shockley partial dislocations<112>/6 due to low stacking fault energy(SFE).Contrary to this prevailing perception,the present atomistic modeling demonstrates that this reaction could be completely suppressed when dislocations<110>/2 are grouped into tilt walls,consistent with our experimental observations.Such phenomenon is actually the extreme case accompanying with the variation of Burgers vectors of partials with tilt angle,as revealed by a series of simulations,from which it is clearly seen that the Burgers vectors of partials deviate considerably from that of Shockley partials,enormously depending on the tilt angle.Our fi ndings could facilitate a better understanding on many phenomena and properties of face-centered cubic metals(FCC).