Individuals with metabolic syndrome will have increased risk for cardiovascular disease, diabetes and cancer. Based on abnormal glucose metabolism, or called Warburg effect in cancer cells, positron emission tomograph...Individuals with metabolic syndrome will have increased risk for cardiovascular disease, diabetes and cancer. Based on abnormal glucose metabolism, or called Warburg effect in cancer cells, positron emission tomography (PET) imaging using 18F-FDG has achieved a great success in diagnosis and monitoring therapeutic responds for cancer patients. Beyond glucose metabolism, resurgence of glutamine metabolism in cancer research has recently broadened interests. Observations of addiction to glutamine in cancer cells lead to considering contribution of glutaminolysis in cancer cell growth, differentiation and proliferation. Furthermore, oncogenes have been found to be major factors in modulating abnormal glutamine metabolism in cancer cells. PET imaging probes and therapeutic agents targeting glutamine metabolic and signaling pathways have been proposed and investigated.展开更多
Positron Emission Tomography(PET)imaging is a noninvasive and extraordinarily sensitive imaging modality that provides a functional and metabolic assessment of normal or diseased tissue.[18F]-fluorodeoxyglucose PET im...Positron Emission Tomography(PET)imaging is a noninvasive and extraordinarily sensitive imaging modality that provides a functional and metabolic assessment of normal or diseased tissue.[18F]-fluorodeoxyglucose PET imaging(FDG PET)is widely used clinically for tumor imaging,and has been proven to improve the diagnosis and subsequent treatment of cancer patients.The rationale behind FDG PET imaging is the Warburg effect,which states that there is increased glycolysis in cancer cells,even in the presence of oxygen,making it possible to detect cells exhibiting increased glycolysis,thus diagnosing even small tumors.The ketogenic diet(KD)with low carbohydrate and high fat intake has been used as an alternative treatment for cancer and other diseases,with nearly a century of use for reducing seizure onset in epileptics.The cellular mechanism underlying KD therapy is also based on the Warburg effect.The increased ketolysis stimulated by KD therapy inhibits the abnormally elevated glycolysis in cancer cells,leading to reduced tumor growth and metastasis.In this review,we first describe the Warburg effect as the common biological basis connecting PET and KD therapy.This paper also provides overviews of PET imaging and KD therapy.Two newly published papers,one regarding the molecular mechanism of KD therapy in the treatment of cancers,another on the in vivo PET imaging of cerebral metabolism of glucose and ketone bodes in humans after a moderate KD,are thoroughly reviewed.Furthermore,this review describes how PET imaging may be applied to study the effects of KD therapy in humans and animals,and which currently available PET tracers can be used to image glucose and ketone metabolic pathways.展开更多
In this paper,a novel multi-frame track-before-detect algorithm is proposed,which is based on root label clustering to reduce the high computational complexity arising by observation area expansion and clutter/noise d...In this paper,a novel multi-frame track-before-detect algorithm is proposed,which is based on root label clustering to reduce the high computational complexity arising by observation area expansion and clutter/noise density increase.A criterion of track extrapolation is used to construct state transition set,root label is marked by state transition set to obtain the distribution information of multiple targets in measurement space,then measurement plots of multi-frame are divided into several clusters,and finally multi-frame track-before-detect algorithm is implemented in each cluster.The computational complexity can be reduced by employing the proposed algorithm.Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can accurately detect multiple targets in close proximity and reduce the number of false tracks.展开更多
Background:Parkinsonism-hyperpyrexia syndrome (PHS) is a rare but potentially fatal condition in patients with Parkinson's disease.Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a widely used and efficacious treatment for advanc...Background:Parkinsonism-hyperpyrexia syndrome (PHS) is a rare but potentially fatal condition in patients with Parkinson's disease.Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a widely used and efficacious treatment for advanced Parkinson's disease.Case presentation:Here,we report a case of PHS in a patient who first underwent withdrawal of antiparkinsonian medications and then bilateral subthalamic nucleus DBS.Conclusions:Patients should be advised to gradually decrease rather than suddenly stop antiparkinsonian medications when they must stop taking a medication and antiparkinsonian medications should be reintroduced as soon as possible after surgery.展开更多
文摘Individuals with metabolic syndrome will have increased risk for cardiovascular disease, diabetes and cancer. Based on abnormal glucose metabolism, or called Warburg effect in cancer cells, positron emission tomography (PET) imaging using 18F-FDG has achieved a great success in diagnosis and monitoring therapeutic responds for cancer patients. Beyond glucose metabolism, resurgence of glutamine metabolism in cancer research has recently broadened interests. Observations of addiction to glutamine in cancer cells lead to considering contribution of glutaminolysis in cancer cell growth, differentiation and proliferation. Furthermore, oncogenes have been found to be major factors in modulating abnormal glutamine metabolism in cancer cells. PET imaging probes and therapeutic agents targeting glutamine metabolic and signaling pathways have been proposed and investigated.
文摘Positron Emission Tomography(PET)imaging is a noninvasive and extraordinarily sensitive imaging modality that provides a functional and metabolic assessment of normal or diseased tissue.[18F]-fluorodeoxyglucose PET imaging(FDG PET)is widely used clinically for tumor imaging,and has been proven to improve the diagnosis and subsequent treatment of cancer patients.The rationale behind FDG PET imaging is the Warburg effect,which states that there is increased glycolysis in cancer cells,even in the presence of oxygen,making it possible to detect cells exhibiting increased glycolysis,thus diagnosing even small tumors.The ketogenic diet(KD)with low carbohydrate and high fat intake has been used as an alternative treatment for cancer and other diseases,with nearly a century of use for reducing seizure onset in epileptics.The cellular mechanism underlying KD therapy is also based on the Warburg effect.The increased ketolysis stimulated by KD therapy inhibits the abnormally elevated glycolysis in cancer cells,leading to reduced tumor growth and metastasis.In this review,we first describe the Warburg effect as the common biological basis connecting PET and KD therapy.This paper also provides overviews of PET imaging and KD therapy.Two newly published papers,one regarding the molecular mechanism of KD therapy in the treatment of cancers,another on the in vivo PET imaging of cerebral metabolism of glucose and ketone bodes in humans after a moderate KD,are thoroughly reviewed.Furthermore,this review describes how PET imaging may be applied to study the effects of KD therapy in humans and animals,and which currently available PET tracers can be used to image glucose and ketone metabolic pathways.
基金supported by the Innovation Project of Science and Technology Commission of the Central Military Commission,China(No.19-HXXX-01-ZD-006-XXX-XX)。
文摘In this paper,a novel multi-frame track-before-detect algorithm is proposed,which is based on root label clustering to reduce the high computational complexity arising by observation area expansion and clutter/noise density increase.A criterion of track extrapolation is used to construct state transition set,root label is marked by state transition set to obtain the distribution information of multiple targets in measurement space,then measurement plots of multi-frame are divided into several clusters,and finally multi-frame track-before-detect algorithm is implemented in each cluster.The computational complexity can be reduced by employing the proposed algorithm.Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can accurately detect multiple targets in close proximity and reduce the number of false tracks.
文摘Background:Parkinsonism-hyperpyrexia syndrome (PHS) is a rare but potentially fatal condition in patients with Parkinson's disease.Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a widely used and efficacious treatment for advanced Parkinson's disease.Case presentation:Here,we report a case of PHS in a patient who first underwent withdrawal of antiparkinsonian medications and then bilateral subthalamic nucleus DBS.Conclusions:Patients should be advised to gradually decrease rather than suddenly stop antiparkinsonian medications when they must stop taking a medication and antiparkinsonian medications should be reintroduced as soon as possible after surgery.
