Liver failure encompasses a range of severe clinical syndromes resulting from the deterioration of liver function,triggered by factors both within and outside the liver.While the definition of acute-on-chronic liver f...Liver failure encompasses a range of severe clinical syndromes resulting from the deterioration of liver function,triggered by factors both within and outside the liver.While the definition of acute-on-chronic liver failure(ACLF)may vary by region,it is universally recognized for its association with multiorgan failure,a robust inflammatory response,and high short-term mortality rates.Recent advances in metabolomics have provided insights into energy metabolism and metabolite alterations specific to ACLF.Additionally,immunometabolism is increasingly acknowledged as a pivotal mechanism in regulating immune cell functions.Therefore,understanding the energy metabolism pathways involved in ACLF and investigating how metabolite imbalances affect immune cell functionality are crucial for developing effective treatment strategies for ACLF.This review methodically examined the immune and metabolic states of ACLF patients and elucidated how alterations in metabolites impact immune functions,offering novel perspectives for immune regulation and therapeutic management of liver failure.展开更多
Cell death is associated with a variety of liver diseases,and hepatocyte death is a core factor in the occurrence and progression of liver diseases.In recent years,new cell death modes have been identified,and certain...Cell death is associated with a variety of liver diseases,and hepatocyte death is a core factor in the occurrence and progression of liver diseases.In recent years,new cell death modes have been identified,and certain biomarkers have been detected in the circulation during various cell death modes that mediate liver injury.In this review,cell death modes associated with liver diseases are summarized,including some cell death modes that have emerged in recent years.We described the mechanisms associated with liver diseases and summarized recent applications of targeting cell death in liver diseases.It provides new ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of liver diseases.In addition,multiple cell death modes can contribute to the same liver disease.Different cell death modes are not isolated,and they interact with each other in liver diseases.Future studies may focus on exploring the regulation between various cell death response pathways in liver diseases.展开更多
基金supported by the National Science Foundation of China(Grants No.82270627).
文摘Liver failure encompasses a range of severe clinical syndromes resulting from the deterioration of liver function,triggered by factors both within and outside the liver.While the definition of acute-on-chronic liver failure(ACLF)may vary by region,it is universally recognized for its association with multiorgan failure,a robust inflammatory response,and high short-term mortality rates.Recent advances in metabolomics have provided insights into energy metabolism and metabolite alterations specific to ACLF.Additionally,immunometabolism is increasingly acknowledged as a pivotal mechanism in regulating immune cell functions.Therefore,understanding the energy metabolism pathways involved in ACLF and investigating how metabolite imbalances affect immune cell functionality are crucial for developing effective treatment strategies for ACLF.This review methodically examined the immune and metabolic states of ACLF patients and elucidated how alterations in metabolites impact immune functions,offering novel perspectives for immune regulation and therapeutic management of liver failure.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant no.82270627).
文摘Cell death is associated with a variety of liver diseases,and hepatocyte death is a core factor in the occurrence and progression of liver diseases.In recent years,new cell death modes have been identified,and certain biomarkers have been detected in the circulation during various cell death modes that mediate liver injury.In this review,cell death modes associated with liver diseases are summarized,including some cell death modes that have emerged in recent years.We described the mechanisms associated with liver diseases and summarized recent applications of targeting cell death in liver diseases.It provides new ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of liver diseases.In addition,multiple cell death modes can contribute to the same liver disease.Different cell death modes are not isolated,and they interact with each other in liver diseases.Future studies may focus on exploring the regulation between various cell death response pathways in liver diseases.
