Five methods for detection of Helicobacter pylori in the Turkish population

AIM: To compare culture analysis, Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) stool antigen (HpSA) test, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for H. pylori detection. METHODS: One hundred and thirty-two consecutive adult dyspeptic patients receiving diagnostic endoscopy at the department of gastroenterology were enrolled in this study. Culture and histological examination were performed on biopsy specimens. PCR and FISH tests were applied to histopathological samples. Stool samples that were simultaneously collected were tested for the H. pylori antigen using the HpSA test and bacterial DNA using stool PCR. RESULTS: H. pylori was positively identified by histo-logical examination in 85/132 (64.4%) of the patients, while positive samples were found in 56 (42.4%), 64 (48.5%), 98 (74.2%), 28 (21.2%) and 81 (61.4%) of the patients by culture, HpSA, PCR, stool PCR and FISH methods, respectively. The results of the culture, biopsy PCR, HpSA and FISH tests, with the exception of the stool PCR, were found to correlate with the histological examination as a gold standard. CONCLUSION: The HpSA test is a rapid, simple, and noninvasive test for monitoring therapy. FISH is an accurate, rapid, cost-effective, and easy-to-use test for H. pylori detection.

中链脂肪酸对家禽营养和健康的调控作用(续1)

现今,随着禁止和限制将抗生素用作生长促进剂法规的颁布,饲料添加剂,如益生元、益生菌和有机酸被广泛用于抑制病原微生物对家禽健康的影响。最近,中链脂肪酸(medium-chain fatty acids,MCFAs)因其潜在的良好抗菌作用成为关注的焦点。碳链中碳原子数在6~12个的脂肪酸称为MCFAs。研究结果表明,中链脂肪酸对多种肠道微生物均有效,它们可通过减少肠道细菌在鸡肠道的定植发挥作用,如弯曲杆菌属、梭状芽孢杆菌属和沙门菌属的细菌以及大肠杆菌在肠道的定植分别平均减少44%、78%、79%和66%,增重平均提高4%,饲料转化率平均改善12%。生长性能的提高可归因于MCFAs营造了更加健康和稳定的肠道环境。此外,日粮MCFAs可能有助于提高动物免疫功能。试验表明,家禽日粮中各种有机酸的有效剂量为:己酸2.9g/kg、辛酸7.0g/kg、癸酸1.7g/kg、月桂酸2.0g/kg、一癸酸甘油酯2.5 g/kg、MCFAs 3.0 g/kg。研究表明,MCFAs可减少肉鸡的腹部脂肪(减少比例达30%),并能降低蛋黄和蛋壳受到污染的比例(降低沙门菌污染的比例达76%),这也是消费者所希望的。考虑到这些优点,在家禽营养中,MCFAs有可能会成为抗生素生长促进剂的替代品,降低细菌产生耐药性的风险。