This study investigates the potential of cannabidiol(CBD),one major cannabinoid of the plant Cannabis sativa,alone and in combination with a terpene-enriched extract from Humulus lupulus(“Hops 1”),on the LPS-respons...This study investigates the potential of cannabidiol(CBD),one major cannabinoid of the plant Cannabis sativa,alone and in combination with a terpene-enriched extract from Humulus lupulus(“Hops 1”),on the LPS-response of RAW 264.7 macrophages as an established in vitro model of inflammation.With the present study,we could support earlier findings of the anti-inflammatory potential of CBD,which showed a dose-dependent[0-5μM]reduction in nitric oxide and tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α)released by LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages.Moreover,we observed an additive anti-inflammatory effect after combined CBD[5μM]and hops extract[40μg/mL]treatment.The combination of CBD and Hops 1 showed effects in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells superior to the single sub-stance treatments and akin to the control hydrocortisone.Furthermore,cellular CBD uptake increased dose-depend-ently in the presence of terpenes from Hops 1 extract.The anti-inflammatory effect of CBD and its cellular uptake positively correlated with terpene concentration,as indicated by comparison with a hemp extract containing both CBD and terpenes.These findings may contribute to the postulations for the so-called“entourage effect”between cannabinoids and terpenes and support the potential of CBD combined with phytomolecules from a non-cannabi-noid source,such as hops,for the treatment of inflammatory diseases.展开更多
文摘This study investigates the potential of cannabidiol(CBD),one major cannabinoid of the plant Cannabis sativa,alone and in combination with a terpene-enriched extract from Humulus lupulus(“Hops 1”),on the LPS-response of RAW 264.7 macrophages as an established in vitro model of inflammation.With the present study,we could support earlier findings of the anti-inflammatory potential of CBD,which showed a dose-dependent[0-5μM]reduction in nitric oxide and tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α)released by LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages.Moreover,we observed an additive anti-inflammatory effect after combined CBD[5μM]and hops extract[40μg/mL]treatment.The combination of CBD and Hops 1 showed effects in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells superior to the single sub-stance treatments and akin to the control hydrocortisone.Furthermore,cellular CBD uptake increased dose-depend-ently in the presence of terpenes from Hops 1 extract.The anti-inflammatory effect of CBD and its cellular uptake positively correlated with terpene concentration,as indicated by comparison with a hemp extract containing both CBD and terpenes.These findings may contribute to the postulations for the so-called“entourage effect”between cannabinoids and terpenes and support the potential of CBD combined with phytomolecules from a non-cannabi-noid source,such as hops,for the treatment of inflammatory diseases.
