Embryonic stem(ES)cells are widely used for different purposes,including gene targeting,cell therapy,tissue repair,organ regeneration,and so on.However,studies and applications of ES cells are hindered by ethical issu...Embryonic stem(ES)cells are widely used for different purposes,including gene targeting,cell therapy,tissue repair,organ regeneration,and so on.However,studies and applications of ES cells are hindered by ethical issues regarding cell sources.To circumvent ethical disputes,great efforts have been taken to generate ES cell-like cells,which are not derived from the inner cell mass of blastocyst-stage embryos.In 2006,Yamanaka et al.first reprogrammed mouse embryonic fibroblasts into ES cell-like cells called induced pluripotent stem(iPS)cells.About one year later,Yamanaka et al.and Thomson et al.independently reprogrammed human somatic cells into iPS cells.Since the first generation of iPS cells,they have now been derived from quite a few different kinds of cell types.In particular,the use of peripheral blood facilitates research on iPS cells because of safety,easy availability,and plenty of cell sources.Now iPS cells have been used for cell therapy,disease modeling,and drug discovery.In this review,we describe the generations,applications,potential issues,and future perspectives of iPS cells.展开更多
Sacral colpopexy,a surgical treatment for middle compartment defects,connects the uterus or the top of the vagina with the sacral anterior longitudinal ligament by bridging grafts.It is currently the recognized gold s...Sacral colpopexy,a surgical treatment for middle compartment defects,connects the uterus or the top of the vagina with the sacral anterior longitudinal ligament by bridging grafts.It is currently the recognized gold standard of prolapse surgery, with a long-term success rate of 74-98%.It is suitable for patients with uterine prolapse or Stage Ⅱ-ⅣV vaginal vault prolapse and recurrence after the operation, particularly for younger patients who are sexually active.In the present article,we analyzed the clinical and follow-up data of 204 patients （mean age：59.7 ± 8.8 years,range：40-75 years） who underwent laparoscopic sacral colpopexy （LSC） treatment for pelvic organ prolapse （POP） in the Second Hospital of Shandong University from January 2012 to June 2015.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.30871436,30973297,31171194,and 31271534)the National Basic Research Program(973)of China(Nos.2010CB945002 and 2014CB541703)+1 种基金the Shandong Provincial Science and Technology Key Program(No.2009GG10003039)the Independent Development Foundation of Shandong University(Nos.2012JC019 and 2012ZD030),China
文摘Embryonic stem(ES)cells are widely used for different purposes,including gene targeting,cell therapy,tissue repair,organ regeneration,and so on.However,studies and applications of ES cells are hindered by ethical issues regarding cell sources.To circumvent ethical disputes,great efforts have been taken to generate ES cell-like cells,which are not derived from the inner cell mass of blastocyst-stage embryos.In 2006,Yamanaka et al.first reprogrammed mouse embryonic fibroblasts into ES cell-like cells called induced pluripotent stem(iPS)cells.About one year later,Yamanaka et al.and Thomson et al.independently reprogrammed human somatic cells into iPS cells.Since the first generation of iPS cells,they have now been derived from quite a few different kinds of cell types.In particular,the use of peripheral blood facilitates research on iPS cells because of safety,easy availability,and plenty of cell sources.Now iPS cells have been used for cell therapy,disease modeling,and drug discovery.In this review,we describe the generations,applications,potential issues,and future perspectives of iPS cells.
文摘Sacral colpopexy,a surgical treatment for middle compartment defects,connects the uterus or the top of the vagina with the sacral anterior longitudinal ligament by bridging grafts.It is currently the recognized gold standard of prolapse surgery, with a long-term success rate of 74-98%.It is suitable for patients with uterine prolapse or Stage Ⅱ-ⅣV vaginal vault prolapse and recurrence after the operation, particularly for younger patients who are sexually active.In the present article,we analyzed the clinical and follow-up data of 204 patients （mean age：59.7 ± 8.8 years,range：40-75 years） who underwent laparoscopic sacral colpopexy （LSC） treatment for pelvic organ prolapse （POP） in the Second Hospital of Shandong University from January 2012 to June 2015.
