Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a critical public health and socio-economic problem throughout the world, making epidemiological monitoring of incidence, prevalence, and outcome of TBI necessary. TBI is a ...Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a critical public health and socio-economic problem throughout the world, making epidemiological monitoring of incidence, prevalence, and outcome of TBI necessary. TBI is a major cause of mortality and morbidity in adolescents, young adults, and the elderly, one of the leading causes being road traffic accidents. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted among patients with TBI within 2 medical institutions in Chisinau municipality: Emergency Medicine Institute (EMI) and Valentin Ignatenco Municipal Children’s Hospital (MCH). A questionnaire was applied, completed on the basis of medical records according to the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) 10 codes. The collection period was August 1-October 31, 2018. Data were uploaded using the existing electronic data collection tool—Red Cap and analyzed through Microsoft Excel. Data collection was performed by a resident neurosurgery and a scientific researcher. The ethics committee’s approval has been obtained. Results: There have been identified 150 patients: 57 cases (38.5%) of TBI among children and 93 cases (61.5%) among adults aged between 18 - 73 years old. A large majority (62%) of head injuries were among patients from the urban area (most in adults—60% and males—74%). The most common mechanisms of head injury were falls (53.3%) and road traffic injuries (24%), followed by assault (14.7%) and struck by/or against (8%). The distributions by place of occurrence highlighted that most injuries occurred at home (33.4%) and in transport area (25.3%). Most head injuries were registered among men 121 (81.2%) with a predominance of minor Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) (65.1%), followed by moderate GCS (9.4%), while in women all cases with GCS minor (18.8%). Conclusion: The data obtained could be useful for the hospital administration in managing the necessary resources and for conducting information campaigns among the high-risk groups.展开更多
Background:Few published studies have examined child passenger safety practices across countries.This study compared the prevalence and associated factors of child passenger restraint use among children,aged 0 to 17 i...Background:Few published studies have examined child passenger safety practices across countries.This study compared the prevalence and associated factors of child passenger restraint use among children,aged 0 to 17 in the state of Iowa in the United States,and the city of Shantou in China.Methods:Child restraint use observations were conducted in Iowa and in Shantou in 2012,respectively,among child passengers.Observations in Iowa were conducted at randomly selected gas stations,while in Shantou observations were completed at randomly selected schools or medical clinics.Research observers approached the driver,observed restraint use,and collected brief survey data.Results:A total of 3049 children from Iowa and 3333 children aged 0 to 17 years from Shantou were observed.For children aged 0 to 3 years,only 0.1% were compliantly restrained in Shantou as compared to 95.9% in Iowa.The proportion of children who were compliantly restrained in Shantou increased with age,but generally decreased with age in Iowa.In Shantou,36.0% of children aged 0 to 3 were sitting in the front seat as compared to only 1.7% of children of the same age in Iowa.Driver seat belt use was significantly associated with child restraint in both Iowa and Shantou;the association was stronger in Iowa than Shantou for aH age groups.Conclusions:A significantly higher prevalence of children who were not appropriately restrained was observed in Shantou than in Iowa.Our findings support the need of mandatory child safety restraint use legislation in China.展开更多
文摘Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a critical public health and socio-economic problem throughout the world, making epidemiological monitoring of incidence, prevalence, and outcome of TBI necessary. TBI is a major cause of mortality and morbidity in adolescents, young adults, and the elderly, one of the leading causes being road traffic accidents. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted among patients with TBI within 2 medical institutions in Chisinau municipality: Emergency Medicine Institute (EMI) and Valentin Ignatenco Municipal Children’s Hospital (MCH). A questionnaire was applied, completed on the basis of medical records according to the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) 10 codes. The collection period was August 1-October 31, 2018. Data were uploaded using the existing electronic data collection tool—Red Cap and analyzed through Microsoft Excel. Data collection was performed by a resident neurosurgery and a scientific researcher. The ethics committee’s approval has been obtained. Results: There have been identified 150 patients: 57 cases (38.5%) of TBI among children and 93 cases (61.5%) among adults aged between 18 - 73 years old. A large majority (62%) of head injuries were among patients from the urban area (most in adults—60% and males—74%). The most common mechanisms of head injury were falls (53.3%) and road traffic injuries (24%), followed by assault (14.7%) and struck by/or against (8%). The distributions by place of occurrence highlighted that most injuries occurred at home (33.4%) and in transport area (25.3%). Most head injuries were registered among men 121 (81.2%) with a predominance of minor Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) (65.1%), followed by moderate GCS (9.4%), while in women all cases with GCS minor (18.8%). Conclusion: The data obtained could be useful for the hospital administration in managing the necessary resources and for conducting information campaigns among the high-risk groups.
文摘Background:Few published studies have examined child passenger safety practices across countries.This study compared the prevalence and associated factors of child passenger restraint use among children,aged 0 to 17 in the state of Iowa in the United States,and the city of Shantou in China.Methods:Child restraint use observations were conducted in Iowa and in Shantou in 2012,respectively,among child passengers.Observations in Iowa were conducted at randomly selected gas stations,while in Shantou observations were completed at randomly selected schools or medical clinics.Research observers approached the driver,observed restraint use,and collected brief survey data.Results:A total of 3049 children from Iowa and 3333 children aged 0 to 17 years from Shantou were observed.For children aged 0 to 3 years,only 0.1% were compliantly restrained in Shantou as compared to 95.9% in Iowa.The proportion of children who were compliantly restrained in Shantou increased with age,but generally decreased with age in Iowa.In Shantou,36.0% of children aged 0 to 3 were sitting in the front seat as compared to only 1.7% of children of the same age in Iowa.Driver seat belt use was significantly associated with child restraint in both Iowa and Shantou;the association was stronger in Iowa than Shantou for aH age groups.Conclusions:A significantly higher prevalence of children who were not appropriately restrained was observed in Shantou than in Iowa.Our findings support the need of mandatory child safety restraint use legislation in China.
