中国华甲腹茧蜂属一新种(膜翅目:茧蜂科:甲腹茧蜂亚科)

华甲腹茧蜂属Siniphanerotomella He,Chen et van Achterberg,1994是中国特有属,目前全世界仅已知2种。本文描述了采自中国广东省的第3种物种——程家安华甲腹茧蜂S.chengjiaani Tang et Chen,sp.nov.,并提供了形态特征图。本文还提供了该属的分种检索表。

Evolutionary timescale of chalcidoid wasps inferred from over one hundred mitochondrial genomes

Chalcidoidea is one of the most biologically diverse groups among Hymenoptera.Members are characterized by extraordinary parasitic lifestyles and extensive host ranges,among which several species attack plants or serve as pollinators.However,higher-level chalcidoid relationships remain controversial.Here,we performed mitochondrial phylogenomic analyses for major clades(18out of 25 families)of Chalcidoidea based on 139 mitochondrial genomes.The compositional heterogeneity and conflicting backbone relationships in Chalcidoidea were assessed using various datasets and tree inferences.Our phylogenetic results supported the monophyly of 16families and polyphyly of Aphelinidae and Pteromalidae.Our preferred topology recovered the relationship(Mymaridae+(Signiphoridae+Leucospidae)+(Chalcididae+((Perilampidae+Eucharitidae)+remaining Chalcidoidea))).The monophyly of Agaonidae and Sycophaginae was rejected,while the gall-associated((Megastigmidae+Ormyridae)+(Ormocerinae+Eurytomidae))relationship was supported in most results.A six-gene inversion may be a synapomorphy for most families,whereas other derived gene orders may introduce confusion in phylogenetic signals at deeper nodes.Dating estimates suggested that Chalcidoidea arose near the Jurassic/Cretaceous boundary and that two dynamic shifts in diversification occurred during the evolution of Chalcidoidea.We hypothesized that the potential codiversification between chalcidoids and their hosts may be crucial for accelerating the diversification of Chalcidoidea.Ancestral state reconstruction analyses supported the hypothesis that gallinducers were mainly derived from parasitoids of gallinducers,while other gall-inducers were derived from phytophagous groups.Taken together,these findings advance our understanding of mitochondrial genome evolution in the major interfamilial phylogeny of Chalcidoidea.

Review of Neoneurini Bengtsson(Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Euphorinae) from China

The tribe Neoneurini Bengtsson,1918(Braconidae,Euphorinae)from China is reviewed.The genus Sinoneoneurus He,Chen&van Achterberg,1997 is synonymized with Elasmosoma Ruthe,1858,and two species,Elasmosoma(Sinoneoneurus)obscuripennis(He,Chen&van Achterberg,1997)and E.(S.)pallidipennis(He,Chen&van Achterberg,1997)are new combinations.The genus Neoneurus Haliday,1838 and two species,Neoneurus clypeatus(Foerster,1863)and Elasmosoma pergandei Ashmead,1895,are recorded from China for the first time.A key to the five species of Neoneurini from China is provided.