Research on the biomineralization in modern seafloor hydrothermal systems is conducive to unveiling the mysteries of the early Earth’s history, life evolution, subsurface biosphere and microbes in outer space. The hy...Research on the biomineralization in modern seafloor hydrothermal systems is conducive to unveiling the mysteries of the early Earth’s history, life evolution, subsurface biosphere and microbes in outer space. The hydrothermal biomineralization has become a focus of geo-biological research in the last decade, since the introduction of the microelectronic technology and molecular biology technology. Microorganisms play a critical role in the formations of oxide/hydroxides (e.g. Fe, Mn, S and Si oxide/hydroxides) and silicates on the seafloor hydrothermal systems globally. Furthermore, the biomineralization of modern chemolithoautotrophic microorganisms is regarded as a nexus between the geosphere and the biosphere, and as an essential complement of bioscience and geology. In this paper, we summarize the research progress of hydrothermal biomineralization, including the biogenic minerals, the microbial biodiversity, and also the interactions between minerals and microorganisms. In the foreseeable future, the research on hydrothermal biomineralization will inspire the development of geosciences and biosciences and thus enrich our knowledge of the Earth’s history, life evolution and even astrobiology.展开更多
1.Objective Natural gas hydrates are considered as a potential alternative fuel resource to petroleum and gas (Chong ZR et al.,2016),which can be exploited by means of depressurization,thermal method,inhibitor injecti...1.Objective Natural gas hydrates are considered as a potential alternative fuel resource to petroleum and gas (Chong ZR et al.,2016),which can be exploited by means of depressurization,thermal method,inhibitor injection,etc.For the thermal method,gas hydrates are decomposed into water and methane when the reservoir is heated to above the equilibrium temperature of gas hydrate (Li X et al.,2016). However,the thermal recovery method needs a great deal of heat,and thus the feasibility of economic exploitation is reduced.展开更多
1.Objectives As about 99% of the natural gas hydrate (NGH)resources are stored on the seafloor,it is inevitable that in its process of exploration and production,there will be geohazards such as methane leakage,seabed...1.Objectives As about 99% of the natural gas hydrate (NGH)resources are stored on the seafloor,it is inevitable that in its process of exploration and production,there will be geohazards such as methane leakage,seabed subsidence,ecosystem damage and even landslide.Therefore,a set of integrated systems for environmental monitoring in the process of NGH production has been proposed in the consideration of environmental disasters that may arise in the process of hydrate production.展开更多
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China (91858208, 41606086, 41606087)National Key Basic Research and Development Program of China 2017YFC0307704)the Marine Geological Survey Program of China Geological Survey (DD20190819).
文摘Research on the biomineralization in modern seafloor hydrothermal systems is conducive to unveiling the mysteries of the early Earth’s history, life evolution, subsurface biosphere and microbes in outer space. The hydrothermal biomineralization has become a focus of geo-biological research in the last decade, since the introduction of the microelectronic technology and molecular biology technology. Microorganisms play a critical role in the formations of oxide/hydroxides (e.g. Fe, Mn, S and Si oxide/hydroxides) and silicates on the seafloor hydrothermal systems globally. Furthermore, the biomineralization of modern chemolithoautotrophic microorganisms is regarded as a nexus between the geosphere and the biosphere, and as an essential complement of bioscience and geology. In this paper, we summarize the research progress of hydrothermal biomineralization, including the biogenic minerals, the microbial biodiversity, and also the interactions between minerals and microorganisms. In the foreseeable future, the research on hydrothermal biomineralization will inspire the development of geosciences and biosciences and thus enrich our knowledge of the Earth’s history, life evolution and even astrobiology.
基金the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDB06020204)Natural Science Foundation of China (41606087 and 91858208)the Marine Geological Survey project of China Geological Survey (DD20160218).
文摘1.Objective Natural gas hydrates are considered as a potential alternative fuel resource to petroleum and gas (Chong ZR et al.,2016),which can be exploited by means of depressurization,thermal method,inhibitor injection,etc.For the thermal method,gas hydrates are decomposed into water and methane when the reservoir is heated to above the equilibrium temperature of gas hydrate (Li X et al.,2016). However,the thermal recovery method needs a great deal of heat,and thus the feasibility of economic exploitation is reduced.
基金the Natural Science Foundation of China (41606086 and 91858208)National Key Research and Development Program (2017YFC0307704)the Marine Geological Survey project of China Geological Survey (DD20160218).
文摘1.Objectives As about 99% of the natural gas hydrate (NGH)resources are stored on the seafloor,it is inevitable that in its process of exploration and production,there will be geohazards such as methane leakage,seabed subsidence,ecosystem damage and even landslide.Therefore,a set of integrated systems for environmental monitoring in the process of NGH production has been proposed in the consideration of environmental disasters that may arise in the process of hydrate production.
