Using the SG-III prototype laser at China Academy of Engineering Physics,Mianyang,we irradiated polystyrene(CH)samples with a thermal radiation drive,reaching conditions on the principal Hugoniot up to P≈1 TPa(10 Mba...Using the SG-III prototype laser at China Academy of Engineering Physics,Mianyang,we irradiated polystyrene(CH)samples with a thermal radiation drive,reaching conditions on the principal Hugoniot up to P≈1 TPa(10 Mbar),and away from the Hugoniot up to P≈300 GPa(3 Mbar).The response of each sample was measured with a velocity interferometry diagnostic to determine the material and shock velocity,and hence the conditions reached,and the reflectivity of the sample,from which changes in the conductivity can be inferred.By applying the selfimpedance mismatch technique with the measured velocities,the pressure and density of thermodynamic points away from the principal Hugoniot were determined.Our results show an unexpectedly large reflectivity at the highest shock pressures,while the off-Hugoniot points agree with previous work suggesting that shock-compressed CH conductivity is primarily temperature-dependent.展开更多
We present in situ measurements of spectrally resolved X-ray scattering and X-ray diffraction from monocrystalline diamond samples heatedwith an intense pulse of heavy ions.In this way,we determine the samples’heatin...We present in situ measurements of spectrally resolved X-ray scattering and X-ray diffraction from monocrystalline diamond samples heatedwith an intense pulse of heavy ions.In this way,we determine the samples’heating dynamics and their microscopic and macroscopic structuralintegrity over a timespan of several microseconds.Connecting the ratio of elastic to inelastic scattering with state-of-the-art density functionaltheory molecular dynamics simulations allows the inference of average temperatures around 1300 K,in agreement with predictions fromstopping power calculations.The simultaneous diffraction measurements show no hints of any volumetric graphitization of the material,butdo indicate the onset of fracture in the diamond sample.Our experiments pave the way for future studies at the Facility for Antiproton andIon Research,where a substantially increased intensity of the heavy ion beam will be available.展开更多
A number of laser facilities coming online all over the world promise the capability of high-power laser experiments with shot repetition rates between 1 and 10 Hz. Target availability and technical issues related to ...A number of laser facilities coming online all over the world promise the capability of high-power laser experiments with shot repetition rates between 1 and 10 Hz. Target availability and technical issues related to the interaction environment could become a bottleneck for the exploitation of such facilities. In this paper, we report on target needs for three different classes of experiments: dynamic compression physics, electron transport and isochoric heating, and laser-driven particle and radiation sources. We also review some of the most challenging issues in target fabrication and high repetition rate operation. Finally, we discuss current target supply strategies and future perspectives to establish a sustainable target provision infrastructure for advanced laser facilities.展开更多
基金The authors would like to thank the technical teams at LFRC for their invaluable work producing the targets and operating the facility.N.J.H.and D.K.were supported by the Helmholtz Association under Grant No.VH-NG-1141.Y.L.was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11605189).
文摘Using the SG-III prototype laser at China Academy of Engineering Physics,Mianyang,we irradiated polystyrene(CH)samples with a thermal radiation drive,reaching conditions on the principal Hugoniot up to P≈1 TPa(10 Mbar),and away from the Hugoniot up to P≈300 GPa(3 Mbar).The response of each sample was measured with a velocity interferometry diagnostic to determine the material and shock velocity,and hence the conditions reached,and the reflectivity of the sample,from which changes in the conductivity can be inferred.By applying the selfimpedance mismatch technique with the measured velocities,the pressure and density of thermodynamic points away from the principal Hugoniot were determined.Our results show an unexpectedly large reflectivity at the highest shock pressures,while the off-Hugoniot points agree with previous work suggesting that shock-compressed CH conductivity is primarily temperature-dependent.
基金support by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research(BMBF)under Grant No.05P21RFFA2supported by the Helmholtz Association under Grant No.ERC-RA-0041.
文摘We present in situ measurements of spectrally resolved X-ray scattering and X-ray diffraction from monocrystalline diamond samples heatedwith an intense pulse of heavy ions.In this way,we determine the samples’heating dynamics and their microscopic and macroscopic structuralintegrity over a timespan of several microseconds.Connecting the ratio of elastic to inelastic scattering with state-of-the-art density functionaltheory molecular dynamics simulations allows the inference of average temperatures around 1300 K,in agreement with predictions fromstopping power calculations.The simultaneous diffraction measurements show no hints of any volumetric graphitization of the material,butdo indicate the onset of fracture in the diamond sample.Our experiments pave the way for future studies at the Facility for Antiproton andIon Research,where a substantially increased intensity of the heavy ion beam will be available.
基金support from the European Cluster of Advanced Laser Light Sources(EUCALL)project which has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under agreement No 654220support of the ELI-NP team and from ELI-NP PhaseⅡ,a project co-financed by the Romanian Government and European Union through the European Regional Development Fund–the Competitiveness Operational Programme(1/07.07.2016,COP,ID 1334)+5 种基金support of the ELI-Beamlines project,mainly sponsored by the project ELI–Extreme Light Infrastructure–Phase 2(CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/15–008/0000162)through the European Regional Development Fundsupport of Planet Dive,a project that has received funding from the European Research Council(ERC)under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme(grant agreement N.637748)supported by the Helmholtz Association under VHNG-1141support of the European Research Council Consolidator Grant ENSURE(ERC-2014CoG No.647554)Support by the Nanofabrication Facilities Rossendorfthe Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research,HZDR
文摘A number of laser facilities coming online all over the world promise the capability of high-power laser experiments with shot repetition rates between 1 and 10 Hz. Target availability and technical issues related to the interaction environment could become a bottleneck for the exploitation of such facilities. In this paper, we report on target needs for three different classes of experiments: dynamic compression physics, electron transport and isochoric heating, and laser-driven particle and radiation sources. We also review some of the most challenging issues in target fabrication and high repetition rate operation. Finally, we discuss current target supply strategies and future perspectives to establish a sustainable target provision infrastructure for advanced laser facilities.
