为明确不同生育期干旱胁迫与氮肥施用对花生氮素吸收利用的影响,利用^(15)N示踪技术,研究了不同水分条件下氮肥施用对花生各器官肥料氮吸收利用以及氮肥残留和损失情况的影响。水分设置为正常供水(WW,75%~80%田间持水量)、花针期轻度干...为明确不同生育期干旱胁迫与氮肥施用对花生氮素吸收利用的影响,利用^(15)N示踪技术,研究了不同水分条件下氮肥施用对花生各器官肥料氮吸收利用以及氮肥残留和损失情况的影响。水分设置为正常供水(WW,75%~80%田间持水量)、花针期轻度干旱胁迫(FD,55%~60%田间持水量)和结荚期轻度干旱胁迫(PD,55%~60%田间持水量)3个条件,氮肥水平设置为不施氮(LN)、中氮(MN,90 kg hm^(-2))、高氮(HN,180 kg hm^(-2))。结果表明,与正常供水条件相比,不同生育期干旱胁迫均降低了花生产量和植株氮素积累量,且花针期干旱胁迫的降低幅度大于结荚期干旱胁迫。花生籽仁的氮素积累量占全株氮素积累量的68.42%~77.67%。与WWMN处理相比,FDMN处理下花生各器官氮肥吸收比例(Ndff,the percentage of N derived from ^(15)N fertilizer)和^(15)N积累量显著提高,且促进了氮素向籽仁的转运,PDMN处理下籽仁^(15)N积累量却显著降低。花生对^(15)N标记氮肥的回收率为30.20%~38.42%,残留率为37.12%~48.83%,损失率为12.75%~32.68%。FDMN处理下氮肥回收率最高,损失率最低。表明90 kg hm^(-2)的施氮水平促进了干旱胁迫下花生产量的提高和氮素吸收利用,降低了肥料氮的损失。展开更多
To clarify the response and adaptability of peanut under salt stress,Huayu 25 was used as the material,and non-salt stress(CK),0.15% salt stress(S1),and 0.3% salt stress(S2) were applied as three treatments.The study ...To clarify the response and adaptability of peanut under salt stress,Huayu 25 was used as the material,and non-salt stress(CK),0.15% salt stress(S1),and 0.3% salt stress(S2) were applied as three treatments.The study analysed the effects of salt stress on photosynthetic characteristics,photosynthetic substances accumulation and distribution as well as the ecological adaptability of peanuts.The results showed that net photosynthetic rate(Pn),SPAD value,leaf area,and peanut yield were reduced under salt stress.Pn in CK was 13.71 and 28.72% higher than that in S1 and S2 at the 50 th day after planting,respectively.At the same growth period,the SPAD value among treatments was ranked as follows: CK>S1>S2.The 100-pod mass,100-kernel mass,kernel rate to pod,and pod mass per plant were reduced under salt stress,and the trend was CK>S1>S2.The distribution proportion of dry matter in different organs of peanut plant was changed to adapt to such stress.Roots under salt stress intensively distributed in a 0-40 cm soil layer for salt resistance.Dry mass proportion in stems and pods increased during the vegetative stage and early period of reproductive stage,respectively.The maximum growth rates of the pod volume,pod dry weight,and seed kernel dry weight all declined,and the pod and kernel volume at harvest were reduced,improving the seed plumpness under salt stress.This finding could be useful in growing peanut in saline soil.展开更多
文摘为明确不同生育期干旱胁迫与氮肥施用对花生氮素吸收利用的影响,利用^(15)N示踪技术,研究了不同水分条件下氮肥施用对花生各器官肥料氮吸收利用以及氮肥残留和损失情况的影响。水分设置为正常供水(WW,75%~80%田间持水量)、花针期轻度干旱胁迫(FD,55%~60%田间持水量)和结荚期轻度干旱胁迫(PD,55%~60%田间持水量)3个条件,氮肥水平设置为不施氮(LN)、中氮(MN,90 kg hm^(-2))、高氮(HN,180 kg hm^(-2))。结果表明,与正常供水条件相比,不同生育期干旱胁迫均降低了花生产量和植株氮素积累量,且花针期干旱胁迫的降低幅度大于结荚期干旱胁迫。花生籽仁的氮素积累量占全株氮素积累量的68.42%~77.67%。与WWMN处理相比,FDMN处理下花生各器官氮肥吸收比例(Ndff,the percentage of N derived from ^(15)N fertilizer)和^(15)N积累量显著提高,且促进了氮素向籽仁的转运,PDMN处理下籽仁^(15)N积累量却显著降低。花生对^(15)N标记氮肥的回收率为30.20%~38.42%,残留率为37.12%~48.83%,损失率为12.75%~32.68%。FDMN处理下氮肥回收率最高,损失率最低。表明90 kg hm^(-2)的施氮水平促进了干旱胁迫下花生产量的提高和氮素吸收利用,降低了肥料氮的损失。
基金funded by the earmarked fund for China Agriculture Research System(CARS-13)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31771732)+3 种基金the Shandong Modern Agriculture Innovation Team,China(peanut)(SDAIT-04-06)the Key Research and Development Plan of Shandong Province,China(2017CXGC0308)the Key Scientific and Technological Innovation Program of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,China(CXGC2017D02)the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation,China(ZR2017YL023)
文摘To clarify the response and adaptability of peanut under salt stress,Huayu 25 was used as the material,and non-salt stress(CK),0.15% salt stress(S1),and 0.3% salt stress(S2) were applied as three treatments.The study analysed the effects of salt stress on photosynthetic characteristics,photosynthetic substances accumulation and distribution as well as the ecological adaptability of peanuts.The results showed that net photosynthetic rate(Pn),SPAD value,leaf area,and peanut yield were reduced under salt stress.Pn in CK was 13.71 and 28.72% higher than that in S1 and S2 at the 50 th day after planting,respectively.At the same growth period,the SPAD value among treatments was ranked as follows: CK>S1>S2.The 100-pod mass,100-kernel mass,kernel rate to pod,and pod mass per plant were reduced under salt stress,and the trend was CK>S1>S2.The distribution proportion of dry matter in different organs of peanut plant was changed to adapt to such stress.Roots under salt stress intensively distributed in a 0-40 cm soil layer for salt resistance.Dry mass proportion in stems and pods increased during the vegetative stage and early period of reproductive stage,respectively.The maximum growth rates of the pod volume,pod dry weight,and seed kernel dry weight all declined,and the pod and kernel volume at harvest were reduced,improving the seed plumpness under salt stress.This finding could be useful in growing peanut in saline soil.
