Lake eutrophication caused by excess phosphorus （P） loading from point sources （PS） and nonpoint sources （NPS） is a persistent and serious ecological problem in China. A phosphorus budget, based on material flow...Lake eutrophication caused by excess phosphorus （P） loading from point sources （PS） and nonpoint sources （NPS） is a persistent and serious ecological problem in China. A phosphorus budget, based on material flow analysis（MFA） and system dynamic （SD）, is proposed and applied for the agriculture-dominated Qionghai Lake watershed located in southwestern China. The MFA-SD approach will not only cover the transporting process of P in the lake-watershed ecosystems, but also can deal with the changes of P budget due to the dynamics of watershed. P inflows include the fertilizer for agricultural croplands, soil losses, domestic sewage discharges, and the atmospheric disposition such as precipitation and dust sinking. Outflows are consisted of hydrologic export, water resources development, fishery and aquatic plants harvesting. The internal P recycling processes are also considered in this paper. From 1988 to 2015, the total P inflows for Lake Qionghai are in a rapid increase from 35.65 to 78.73 t/a, which results in the rising of P concentration in the lake. Among the total P load 2015, agricultural loss and domestic sewage account for 70.60% and 17.27% respectively, directly related to the rapid social-economic development and the swift urbanization. Future management programs designed to reduce P inputs must be put into practices in the coming years to ensure the ecosystem health in the watershed.展开更多
目的:探究中重度支气管哮喘急性发作期患儿呼出气一氧化氮(Fe NO)表达水平与肺功能的相关性。方法:选择2016年3月-2019年3月来我院就诊的中重度支气管哮喘急性发作期患儿69例为观察组,其中,中度支气管哮喘急性发作期患儿58例,重度支气...目的:探究中重度支气管哮喘急性发作期患儿呼出气一氧化氮(Fe NO)表达水平与肺功能的相关性。方法:选择2016年3月-2019年3月来我院就诊的中重度支气管哮喘急性发作期患儿69例为观察组,其中,中度支气管哮喘急性发作期患儿58例,重度支气管哮喘急性发作期患儿11例;另选取同期来我院体检的69例正常健康儿童作为对照组,对比观察组中中度、重度支气管哮喘急性发作期患儿Fe NO表达水平、用力肺活量(forced vital capacity,FVC)、最大呼气流量占预计值百分比(Maximum expiratory flow as a percentage of expected value,PEF%)、第一秒用力呼气容积占预计值的百分比(Forced expiratory volume as a percentage of expected value in the first second,FEV1%)与对照组健康儿童的差异,并对观察组患儿Fe NO表达水平与肺功能的相关性进行分析。结果:观察组患儿的Fe NO表达水平均高于对照组,且重度组患儿的Fe NO表达水平明显高于中度组(P<0.05);观察组患儿的PEF%、FEV1%、FVC水平均高于对照组,且重度组患儿的PEF%、FEV1%、FVC水平均高于中度组(P<0.05);观察组患儿Fe NO表达水平与FVC、PEF%、FEV1%指标均呈负相关关系(r=-0.503、-0.551、-0.532,P均<0.05)。结论:中重度支气管哮喘急性发作期患儿Fe NO表达水平与肺功能成负相关,可通过监测Fe NO水平间接判断炎症程度。展开更多
基金The Hi-Tech Research and Development Program(863) of China(No. 2002AA601021) the National Basic Research Program(973) ofChina(No. 2005CB724205) Xichang Government, Sichuan Province
文摘Lake eutrophication caused by excess phosphorus （P） loading from point sources （PS） and nonpoint sources （NPS） is a persistent and serious ecological problem in China. A phosphorus budget, based on material flow analysis（MFA） and system dynamic （SD）, is proposed and applied for the agriculture-dominated Qionghai Lake watershed located in southwestern China. The MFA-SD approach will not only cover the transporting process of P in the lake-watershed ecosystems, but also can deal with the changes of P budget due to the dynamics of watershed. P inflows include the fertilizer for agricultural croplands, soil losses, domestic sewage discharges, and the atmospheric disposition such as precipitation and dust sinking. Outflows are consisted of hydrologic export, water resources development, fishery and aquatic plants harvesting. The internal P recycling processes are also considered in this paper. From 1988 to 2015, the total P inflows for Lake Qionghai are in a rapid increase from 35.65 to 78.73 t/a, which results in the rising of P concentration in the lake. Among the total P load 2015, agricultural loss and domestic sewage account for 70.60% and 17.27% respectively, directly related to the rapid social-economic development and the swift urbanization. Future management programs designed to reduce P inputs must be put into practices in the coming years to ensure the ecosystem health in the watershed.
文摘目的:探究中重度支气管哮喘急性发作期患儿呼出气一氧化氮(Fe NO)表达水平与肺功能的相关性。方法:选择2016年3月-2019年3月来我院就诊的中重度支气管哮喘急性发作期患儿69例为观察组,其中,中度支气管哮喘急性发作期患儿58例,重度支气管哮喘急性发作期患儿11例;另选取同期来我院体检的69例正常健康儿童作为对照组,对比观察组中中度、重度支气管哮喘急性发作期患儿Fe NO表达水平、用力肺活量(forced vital capacity,FVC)、最大呼气流量占预计值百分比(Maximum expiratory flow as a percentage of expected value,PEF%)、第一秒用力呼气容积占预计值的百分比(Forced expiratory volume as a percentage of expected value in the first second,FEV1%)与对照组健康儿童的差异,并对观察组患儿Fe NO表达水平与肺功能的相关性进行分析。结果:观察组患儿的Fe NO表达水平均高于对照组,且重度组患儿的Fe NO表达水平明显高于中度组(P<0.05);观察组患儿的PEF%、FEV1%、FVC水平均高于对照组,且重度组患儿的PEF%、FEV1%、FVC水平均高于中度组(P<0.05);观察组患儿Fe NO表达水平与FVC、PEF%、FEV1%指标均呈负相关关系(r=-0.503、-0.551、-0.532,P均<0.05)。结论:中重度支气管哮喘急性发作期患儿Fe NO表达水平与肺功能成负相关,可通过监测Fe NO水平间接判断炎症程度。
