This study integrates novel data on 100-year flood hazard extents,exposure of residential properties,and place-based social vulnerability to comprehensively assess and compare flood risk between Indigenous communities...This study integrates novel data on 100-year flood hazard extents,exposure of residential properties,and place-based social vulnerability to comprehensively assess and compare flood risk between Indigenous communities living on 985 reserve lands and other Canadian communities across 3701 census subdivisions.National-scale exposure of residential properties to fluvial,pluvial,and coastal flooding was estimated at the 100-year return period.A social vulnerability index(SVI)was developed and included 49 variables from the national census that represent demographic,social,economic,cultural,and infrastructure/community indicators of vulnerability.Geographic information system-based bivariate choropleth mapping of the composite SVI scores and of flood exposure of residential properties and population was completed to assess the spatial variation of flood risk.We found that about 81%of the 985 Indigenous land reserves had some flood exposure that impacted either population or residential properties.Our analysis indicates that residential property-level flood exposure is similar between non-Indigenous and Indigenous communities,but socioeconomic vulnerability is higher on reserve lands,which confirms that the overall risk of Indigenous communities is higher.Findings suggest the need for more local verification of flood risk in Indigenous communities to address uncertainty in national scale analysis.展开更多
By using risk-adjusted price signals to transfer responsibility for property-level flood protection and recovery from governments to property owners,flood insurance represents a key tenet of the flood risk management(...By using risk-adjusted price signals to transfer responsibility for property-level flood protection and recovery from governments to property owners,flood insurance represents a key tenet of the flood risk management(FRM)paradigm.The Government of Canada has worked with insurers to introduce flood insurance for the first time as a part of a broader shift towards FRM to limit the growing costs of flooding.The viability of flood insurance in Canada,however,has been questioned by research that disputes the utility of purchasing coverage by property owners.This study tested this assumption by drawing on public opinion survey data to assess factors that influence decisions about the utility of insurance.The findings reveal that Canadians have limited knowledge of flood insurance coverage,exhibit a low willingness-to-pay for both insurance and property-level flood protection measures,and expect governments to shoulder much of the financial burden of flood recovery through disaster assistance.展开更多
基金The services and activities of SWORDC are made possible by the financial or in-kind support of the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada,the Canadian Institutes of Health Research,ihe Canadian Foundation for Innovation,Statistics Canada,and the University of Waterloo
文摘This study integrates novel data on 100-year flood hazard extents,exposure of residential properties,and place-based social vulnerability to comprehensively assess and compare flood risk between Indigenous communities living on 985 reserve lands and other Canadian communities across 3701 census subdivisions.National-scale exposure of residential properties to fluvial,pluvial,and coastal flooding was estimated at the 100-year return period.A social vulnerability index(SVI)was developed and included 49 variables from the national census that represent demographic,social,economic,cultural,and infrastructure/community indicators of vulnerability.Geographic information system-based bivariate choropleth mapping of the composite SVI scores and of flood exposure of residential properties and population was completed to assess the spatial variation of flood risk.We found that about 81%of the 985 Indigenous land reserves had some flood exposure that impacted either population or residential properties.Our analysis indicates that residential property-level flood exposure is similar between non-Indigenous and Indigenous communities,but socioeconomic vulnerability is higher on reserve lands,which confirms that the overall risk of Indigenous communities is higher.Findings suggest the need for more local verification of flood risk in Indigenous communities to address uncertainty in national scale analysis.
基金funded by the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada under Grant 430-201500521。
文摘By using risk-adjusted price signals to transfer responsibility for property-level flood protection and recovery from governments to property owners,flood insurance represents a key tenet of the flood risk management(FRM)paradigm.The Government of Canada has worked with insurers to introduce flood insurance for the first time as a part of a broader shift towards FRM to limit the growing costs of flooding.The viability of flood insurance in Canada,however,has been questioned by research that disputes the utility of purchasing coverage by property owners.This study tested this assumption by drawing on public opinion survey data to assess factors that influence decisions about the utility of insurance.The findings reveal that Canadians have limited knowledge of flood insurance coverage,exhibit a low willingness-to-pay for both insurance and property-level flood protection measures,and expect governments to shoulder much of the financial burden of flood recovery through disaster assistance.
