APPLICATIONS OF INTRANASAL LOW INTENSITY LASER THERAPY IN SPORTS MEDICINE

Function-specific homeostasis(FSH)has been defined as a negative-feedback response of a biosystem to maintain its interior function-specific conditions so that the function is perfectly performed.There is no photobiomodulation of intranasal low intensity laser therapy(ILILT)on a function in its FSH,but ILILT could modulate a function far from its FSH.This rehabilitation has been found to be mediated by the ratio of intracellular nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide(NAD+)and its reduced form NADH,NAD+/NADH,and then sirtuin 1(SIRT1).There might be FSH-specific NAD+/NADH(FSN)and SIRT1 activity(FSA).ILILT might enhance NAD+/NADH and SIRT1 activity until they arrive at FSN and FSA,respectively.The NAD+/NADH and SIRT1 activity of related cells of many athletic diseases such as upper respiratory tract infection,asthma,osteoarthritis,exercise-induced muscle damage,wound,traumatic brain injury,and osteoporosis are lower than FSN and FSA,respectively.Therefore,there may be therapeutic effects of ILILT on those athletic diseases.Furthermore,many phenomena and the ILILT mechanism have been integrated to support the prophylaxis effects of ILILT on the swine-origin influenza A(H1N1).

Self-polymerization and co-polymerization kinetics of lead methacrylate

Hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance(H1-NMR) and X-ray diffractometer(XRD) were used to characterize the molecular and crystal structure of lead methacrylate [Pb(MAA)_(2)] which was produced by the double decomposition reaction of lead oxide and methacrylic acid.Isothermal analysis and Kelen-T(u|")dos(K-T) method were used to study the self-polymerization kinetic and the monomer reactivity ratios of Pb(M A A)_(2) and methyl methacrylate(MMA),respectively.By the ternary polymerization method of bulk casting using MMA,Pb(MAA)_(2) and gadolinium methacrylate(Gd(MAA)_(3)) as monomers,we prepared the plexiglass which have neutron and X-ray protection property.The results show that the polymerization rate(R_(p)) is expressed as Rp=K[M]^(1.02)[I]^(0.37) below the 10% conversion rate at 70℃,where K is the polymerization rate constant.And in the N,N-dimethylformamide(DMF) solution,the activation energy required for Pb(MAA)_(2) to initiate self-polymerization by the free radicals is 74.99 kJ·mol^(-1).The reactivity ratios of r1 [Pb(MAA)_(2)] and r2(MMA) are 3.767 and0.166.As the thickness of the material increases,the X-ray and thermal neutron shielding ability of the plexiglass containing gadolinium and lead is getting better and better.