Rice is the staple food for more than half of the world population. The utilization of the wild abortive cytoplasmic male sterility （CMS） in 1970s has significantly raised rice yield potential. But the world＇s annu...Rice is the staple food for more than half of the world population. The utilization of the wild abortive cytoplasmic male sterility （CMS） in 1970s has significantly raised rice yield potential. But the world＇s annual rice production will have to increase 70 percent over the next 30 years, to keep up with the demends of the growing population.展开更多
挖掘耐冷基因并提高耐冷性对于保证水稻在气候变化条件下的高产稳产具有至关重要的意义。本研究利用‘远恢2号’和‘Y58S’杂交而成的超级杂交稻‘Y两优2号’的高世代重组自交系(RIL F14)276个家系作为作图群体,以SNP为分子标记构建了...挖掘耐冷基因并提高耐冷性对于保证水稻在气候变化条件下的高产稳产具有至关重要的意义。本研究利用‘远恢2号’和‘Y58S’杂交而成的超级杂交稻‘Y两优2号’的高世代重组自交系(RIL F14)276个家系作为作图群体,以SNP为分子标记构建了高密度遗传图谱,对水稻的芽期耐冷性(cold tolerance at the bud bursting period,CTBP)性状进行数量性状位点(quantitative trait locus,QTL)定位分析;同时对全世界范围内收集的水稻自然变异微核心(Minicore)种质群体进行芽期耐冷性全基因组关联分析(genome-wide association study,GWAS)。结果表明,水稻芽期耐冷性在水稻群体内呈连续分布,是由多基因控制的数量性状。同时,在RIL群体的第9号染色体上定位到1个与耐冷性性状相关的QTL,位于区间Block73479和Block72824之间,对表型变异的解释率为9.65%。进一步分析表明该QTL对水稻芽期耐冷性为负显性。结果还显示‘Y两优2号’耐冷性显著强于亲本,具有杂种优势。展开更多
Observations indicate that global radiation reaching the Earth's surface has gradually decreased over the past several decades(i.e.,the "global dimming" phenomenon),while the fraction of diffuse radiatio...Observations indicate that global radiation reaching the Earth's surface has gradually decreased over the past several decades(i.e.,the "global dimming" phenomenon),while the fraction of diffuse radiation in global radiation has increased.It has been found that the increase in diffuse fraction significantly increases photosynthetic production in the canopy,but the mechanism has not been clarified.A three-dimensional light distribution model considering the geometry of incident radiation was employed in this study.This model was used to simulate the light distribution and potential photosynthetic production of rice canopy.The results indicate that the potential photosynthetic production of rice significantly increases in response to an increase in the diffuse fraction as long as global radiation does not decline greatly.The "fertilization effect" of diffuse radiation results from the reduction of leaf area with photosynthetic photon flux density(PPFD) below the light compensation point in response to an increasing diffuse fraction,and an increase in the leaf area with PPFD on the linear part of the light response curve.The increase in the diffuse fraction results in a significant increase in the photosynthetic rate of the upper canopy.High-performance computation is an easy-to-use and economic approach to overcome the computational constraints of the model.展开更多
基金The study was supported by Hi-tech Research and Development Project of China （No. 2004AA211142）, National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 30270819）. The development of source materials used in the study was supported by the Rockefeller Foundation.
文摘Rice is the staple food for more than half of the world population. The utilization of the wild abortive cytoplasmic male sterility （CMS） in 1970s has significantly raised rice yield potential. But the world＇s annual rice production will have to increase 70 percent over the next 30 years, to keep up with the demends of the growing population.
文摘挖掘耐冷基因并提高耐冷性对于保证水稻在气候变化条件下的高产稳产具有至关重要的意义。本研究利用‘远恢2号’和‘Y58S’杂交而成的超级杂交稻‘Y两优2号’的高世代重组自交系(RIL F14)276个家系作为作图群体,以SNP为分子标记构建了高密度遗传图谱,对水稻的芽期耐冷性(cold tolerance at the bud bursting period,CTBP)性状进行数量性状位点(quantitative trait locus,QTL)定位分析;同时对全世界范围内收集的水稻自然变异微核心(Minicore)种质群体进行芽期耐冷性全基因组关联分析(genome-wide association study,GWAS)。结果表明,水稻芽期耐冷性在水稻群体内呈连续分布,是由多基因控制的数量性状。同时,在RIL群体的第9号染色体上定位到1个与耐冷性性状相关的QTL,位于区间Block73479和Block72824之间,对表型变异的解释率为9.65%。进一步分析表明该QTL对水稻芽期耐冷性为负显性。结果还显示‘Y两优2号’耐冷性显著强于亲本,具有杂种优势。
基金supported by National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2006AA10Z231)National Key Technologies R & D Program (Grant No. 2007BAD87B08)Chinese Universities Scientific Fund (Grant No. 2009-3-14)
文摘Observations indicate that global radiation reaching the Earth's surface has gradually decreased over the past several decades(i.e.,the "global dimming" phenomenon),while the fraction of diffuse radiation in global radiation has increased.It has been found that the increase in diffuse fraction significantly increases photosynthetic production in the canopy,but the mechanism has not been clarified.A three-dimensional light distribution model considering the geometry of incident radiation was employed in this study.This model was used to simulate the light distribution and potential photosynthetic production of rice canopy.The results indicate that the potential photosynthetic production of rice significantly increases in response to an increase in the diffuse fraction as long as global radiation does not decline greatly.The "fertilization effect" of diffuse radiation results from the reduction of leaf area with photosynthetic photon flux density(PPFD) below the light compensation point in response to an increasing diffuse fraction,and an increase in the leaf area with PPFD on the linear part of the light response curve.The increase in the diffuse fraction results in a significant increase in the photosynthetic rate of the upper canopy.High-performance computation is an easy-to-use and economic approach to overcome the computational constraints of the model.
