Experimental Study on Towing Characteristics of Composite Bucket Wellhead Platform

With the rapid development of large-scale development of marginal oilfields in China,simple wellhead platforms that are simple in structure and easy to install have become an inevitable choice in the process of oilfield development.However,traditional simple wellhead platforms are often discarded after a single use.In pursuit of a more costeffective approach to developing marginal oilfields,this paper proposes a new offshore oil field development facility—an integrated bucket foundation for wellhead platform.To verify the safety of its towing behavior and obtain the dynamic response characteristics of the structure,this paper takes a bucket integrated bucket foundation for wellhead platform with a diameter of 40 m as the research object.By combining physical model tests and numerical simulations,it analyzes the static stability and dynamic response characteristics of the structure during towing,complete with the effects of the draft,wave height,wave period,and towing point height,which produce the dynamic responses of the structure under different influence factors,such as roll angle,pitch angle,heave acceleration and towing force as well as the sensibility to transport variables.The results show that the integrated bucket foundation for wellhead platform is capable of self-floating towing,and its movement is affected by the local environment,which will provide a reference for actual projects.

铁碳纤维人工水草对污染河湖微生物挂膜的影响

针对水体强化净化过程中碳纤维人工水草表面能低、微生物附着时间长、挂膜启动慢的问题,利用废铁和碳纤维水草组合构建了铁碳纤维人工水草(ICF),以重污染地表水为原水,在阶段曝气的条件下进行了强化挂膜实验研究。结果表明,与碳纤维人工水草相比,铁碳纤维人工水草上生物膜的附着性能显著提升,生物膜的挂膜率由125.1%增加至133.0%,形成生物膜的团簇结构尺寸明显更大。启动期末(21 d)生物膜胞外聚合物中多糖、蛋白及蛋白/多糖比,分别由53,71 mg/gVSS、1.33改变为39,106 mg/gVSS、2.71。铁碳材料对假单胞菌属细菌的富集和筛选,改善了细菌的运动能力,促进了细菌分泌胞外聚合物的行为,此外,微生物活性功能基因在ICF中高度表达,提升了铁碳纤维材料表面微生物附着性能。

NiTi合金激光熔凝处理及其生物腐蚀性能研究

目的通过对NiTi合金表面进行激光熔凝处理,从而提高Ni Ti合金的耐腐蚀性能。方法利用紫外激光器对NiTi合金进行表面熔凝处理,借助扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、光学显微镜(OM)、能量色散X射线光谱仪(EDX)和X射线衍射仪(XRD)等技术手段,研究了激光熔凝处理前后Ni Ti合金的表面显微组织、成分和相结构。测试了激光熔凝处理前后NiTi合金表面与模拟体液(SBF)的接触角、熔凝层的显微硬度等表面性能。通过全浸腐蚀试验和电化学测试,研究了熔凝层在SBF溶液中的生物腐蚀性能,并分析了腐蚀机理。结果NiTi合金经过激光熔凝处理后,在合金的表层形成了厚度为90~150μm的熔凝层,熔凝层主要由TiO_(2)、β相以及少量的Ti O相组成。合金表面的平均显微硬度提高了153~279HV,合金的表面接触角增大,由亲水性转为疏水性。相较于未处理的样品,熔凝处理后的样品在SBF溶液中的腐蚀电位分别正移了435 mV和413 mV,腐蚀电流密度分别下降了83%、62%左右。熔凝处理后的样品在SBF溶液浸泡168 h后,SBF溶液中的Ni2+浓度下降了约1/3。结论以适当的激光加工参数对NiTi合金进行激光熔凝处理,可在NiTi合金表面形成致密的氧化膜,这层氧化膜和熔凝层可以有效地抑制NiTi合金在SBF溶液中的点腐蚀行为。

Hydrodynamic Characteristics of Three-Bucket Jacket Foundation for Offshore Wind Turbines During the Lowering Process

The three-bucket jacket foundation is a new type of foundation for offshore wind turbine that has the advantages of fast construction speed and suitability for deep water. The study of the hoisting and launching process is of great significance to ensure construction safety in actual projects. In this paper, a new launching technology is proposed that is based on the foundation of the three-bucket jacket for offshore wind turbine. A complete time domain simulation of the launching process of three-bucket jacket foundation is carried out by a theoretical analysis combined with hydrodynamic software Moses. At the same time, the effects of different initial air storage and sea conditions on the motion response of the structure and the hoisting cable tension are studied. The results show that the motion response of the structure is the highest when it is lowered to 1.5 times the bucket height. The natural period of each degree of freedom of the structure increases with the increase of the lowering depth. The structural motion response and the hoisting cable tension vary greatly in the early phases of Stages Ⅰ and Ⅲ, smaller in Stage Ⅱ, and gradually stabilize in the middle and late phases of Stage Ⅲ.

甘蔗割手密种LRRII-RLK基因家族演化和表达分析

LRRII-RLK是一种类受体激酶(receptor-likekinase,RLK),该基因家族在植物中广泛存在,在植物的生长发育和生物胁迫中发挥着重要的作用,但目前在甘蔗中未见对该基因家族的系统鉴定和分析。本研究对甘蔗的LRRII-RLK基因进行分类,并研究了其结构和功能。结合割手密种基因组和发育组织、叶片发育梯度、昼夜节律和生物胁迫反应转录组数据,在甘蔗割手密种中共鉴定到27个LRRII-RLK基因,分布在17条染色体上。系统进化分析发现,它们分别属NIK、SERK和LRRII-C分支,其中处于LRRII-C分支的SsLRRII-RLK基因出现了显著扩增。顺式元件分析显示,它们的启动子共包含32类顺式元件,其主要参与植物光反应、响应胁迫反应、调控植物激素和植物生长发育。这些基因共有35对共线性基因对,具有多个保守基序,主要通过片段复制的方式进行扩增,且根据Ka/Ks比率发现,它们在演化过程中经历了严格的纯化选择作用。此外,SsLRRII-RLK基因表达分析显示,它们在甘蔗不同组织中表达量不同,其中部分基因在昼夜不同时期表达量呈现差异,这表明它们参与了植物生长和光合作用的调节。值得注意的是,SsLRRII-RLK基因的表达模式在不同病害(甘蔗梢腐病和花叶病)胁迫下呈现差异,因此,我们认为这些基因在病毒复制和发病机制过程中发挥作用。本研究结果有助于深入了解甘蔗LRRII-RLK基因的演化过程,且为LRRII-RLK基因在甘蔗生长发育、光合作用以及在病害胁迫中的功能研究提供初步的理论基础。

砂土中筒型基础沉放过程渗流特性和沉贯阻力研究

筒型基础的沉放是一项关键施工过程,沉放时土体在施工负压下产生渗流场,而渗流对基础筒壁的侧摩阻力和端阻力产生影响,导致沉贯阻力难以预测。针对这一问题,首先应用试验和数值模拟的方法,对筒型基础沉贯过程中的渗流特性进行分析,揭示筒壁两侧及筒端土体超孔隙水压力的分布;然后将分析结果应用于沉贯阻力的推导中,并对推导的公式进行验证。研究表明:筒型基础沉贯过程中,筒壁两侧土体的超孔隙水压力沿筒壁深度几乎呈线性变化,在接近筒端时出现非线性变化;不同的沉贯深度下,渗流对沉贯阻力的影响不同,随着沉贯深度的增加,减小的阻力占总沉贯阻力的比值越来越大;通过推导的理论公式计算的试验模型和实际工程的沉贯负压理论计算值与实测值吻合较好。

新型全潜式浮式风机在不同风况下的动力响应分析

针对一种新型全潜式浮式风机,应用FAST软件建立风电机组-塔筒-浮式平台-系泊系统的时域耦合分析模型,研究其在不同风况下的动力响应。计算结果表明:风速对于该浮式风机的动力响应影响明显,浮式平台的纵荡、纵摇以及风机叶片根部弯矩与风机在不同风速下受到的推力相关,由于新型全潜式浮式风机垂荡方向刚度很大,风速变化对于其垂荡运动影响相对较小;各风况下,系泊缆始终处于张紧状态,新型全潜式浮式风机运动幅值较小,具有良好的运动性能。

预制管混凝土柱粘结性能试验研究及数值分析

为了研究新型预制管混凝土柱界面之间的粘结性能,利用ABAQUS内聚力模型,建立了新型预制管混凝土柱轴心推出的非线性有限元分析模型,并基于推出试验实测结果对模型进行了修正,继而研究了外壳预制管、核心混凝土、两者交界面的应力、粘结及相对滑移沿加载方向的变化规律。研究结果表明:经过试验修正的数值模型能够较好的反应出预制管混凝土柱的受力特性,试验及数值分析结果对进一步研究新型预制管混凝土柱粘结性能有一定的参考价值。

血浆D二聚体联合Wells评分对急性肺栓塞病情及预后评估价值

目的探讨血浆D二聚体联合Wells评分对急性肺栓塞(acute pulm onary embolism, APE)病情及预后评估价值。方法选取APE 142例,根据患者病情程度将其分为低危组52例,中危组48例,高危组42例;根据患者预后情况将其分为存活组111例和病死组31例。观察比较不同病情程度及预后APE患者血浆D二聚体水平和Wells评分、急性生理学与慢性健康评定标准Ⅱ(APACHEⅡ)评分的差异性,分析血浆D二聚体、Wells评分与APACHEⅡ评分相关性,并通过受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析血浆D二聚体和Wells评分对APE患者病情及预后的评估价值。结果低危组、中危组和高危组血浆D二聚体水平、Wells评分、APACHE II评分及病死率总体比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。中危组和高危组血浆D二聚体水平、Wells评分、APACHE II评分及病死率均高于低危组,高危组血浆D二聚体水平、Wells评分、APACHE II评分及病死率均高于中危组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。病死组血浆D二聚体水平、Wells评分及APACHE II评分均高于存活组,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Spearman相关分析结果显示血浆D二聚体、Wells评分与APACHE II评分均呈正相关。单独血浆D二聚体、单独Wells评分及血浆D二聚体联合Wells评分评估APE患者病情及预后的灵敏度和特异度总体比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。血浆D二聚体联合Wells评分评估APE患者病情及预后的灵敏度和特异度显著高于单独血浆D二聚体和单独Wells评分评估APE患者病情及预后的灵敏度和特异度,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论血浆D二聚体和Wells评分在APE患者中随着病情加重逐渐上升,血浆D二聚体联合Wells评分对APE患者病情及预后评估有较高的灵敏度和特异度。

血浆D-二聚体、B型脑钠肽联合Wells评分对肺栓塞的诊断价值

目的探讨血浆D-二聚体、B型脑钠肽(B-type natriuretic peptide,BNP)联合Wells评分对肺栓塞(pulmonary embolism,PE)的诊断价值。方法选取2015年6月至2017年9月石家庄市第三医院就诊的300例疑似PE患者为研究对象,采用回顾性分析法分析所有患者的临床资料,以多层计算机断层扫描(CT)肺动脉造影(CTPA)检查阳性为确诊PE的依据,分为PE组145例和非PE组155例,比较和分析两组患者一般临床资料、血浆D-二聚体、BNP浓度及Wells评分,利用受试者工作特征曲线(receiver operating characteristic curve,ROC)分析并比较血浆D-二聚体、BNP对PE的诊断价值。结果 (1)PE组出现近期术后或卧床、近期骨盆或下肢骨折、一过性意识障碍、单侧下肢肿胀、咯血的患者比例显著高于非PE组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);2组患者心功能分级比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);2组患者的其他因素比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。(2)在安排诊断性检查的依据总结中,血浆D-二聚体和BNP浓度升高、Wells评分PE高度可能(≥7分)及低氧低碳酸血症是有重要意义的参数(P<0.05)。(3)PE组患者血浆D-二聚体、BNP浓度及Wells评分均明显高于非PE组患者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(4)ROC分析结果:BNP诊断PE的特异度及阳性预测值均高于血浆D-二聚体,与Wells评分联合时,BNP、血浆D-二聚体预测PE的灵敏度均显著升高,特异度及阳性预测值下降,而BNP诊断PE的阳性预测值与特异度均高于血浆D-二聚体,但阴性预测值和灵敏度与血浆D-二聚体相似。结论 BNP对PE的诊断具有一定的临床意义,其诊断PE的特异性高于血浆D-二聚体,与Wells评分联合时,BNP诊断PE的阳性预测值高于血浆D-二聚体,但阴性预测值和灵敏度与血浆D-二聚体相似。

过表达miR-132-3p对子宫内膜癌细胞增殖、凋亡、侵袭及迁移的作用

目的探讨过表达miR-132-3p对子宫内膜癌细胞增殖、凋亡、侵袭以及迁移的影响。方法通过RT-PCR检测人子宫内膜上皮细胞HEEC和子宫内膜癌细胞Ishikawa中miR-132-3p的表达水平。用Lipofiectamine~(TM)2000将miR-132-3p mimics及NC分别转染子宫内膜癌Ishikawa细胞,分为miR-132-3p mimics组、NC组以及对照组,对照组不做处理。通过CCK8法检测24 h、48 h、72 h后,三组Ishikawa细胞的增殖情况。流式细胞仪检测转染后三组Ishikawa细胞的凋亡情况。Transwell小室检测三组Ishikawa细胞侵袭、迁移情况。Western-blot检测三组Ishikawa细胞B淋巴瘤-2基因(Bcl-2)、BCL2-Associated X(Bax)、细胞增殖抗原标记物Ki-67(Ki-67)、基质金属蛋白酶2(MMP-2)蛋白表达水平。结果与人子宫内膜上皮细胞HEEC相比,子宫内膜癌细胞Ishikawa中miR-132-3p的表达水平显著下降。CCK8结果显示:与对照组和NC组比,miR-132-3p mimics组子宫内膜癌细胞Ishikawa增殖受到抑制,Ki-67蛋白表达水平显著下降(P<0.05)。流式检测结果显示:与对照组和NC组比,miR-132-3p mimics组子宫内膜癌细胞Ishikawa的凋亡率显著升高,Bax蛋白表达水平显著升高,Bcl-2蛋白表达水平显著下降(P<0.05)。Transwell结果显示:与对照组和NC组比,miR-132-3p mimics组子宫内膜癌细胞Ishikawa侵袭及迁移能力受到抑制,MMP-2蛋白表达水平显著下降(P<0.05)。结论 miR-132-3p在子宫内膜癌细胞Ishikawa中低表达,过表达miR-132-3p能够抑制细胞增殖、侵袭及迁移,并促进细胞凋亡。

Narcotrend监测下不同麻醉深度对老年腹腔镜疝修补术患者苏醒质量的影响

目的观察Narcotrend监测下不同麻醉深度对老年腹腔镜疝修补术患者苏醒质量的影响。方法将全身麻醉下行腹腔镜疝修补术的59例老年患者随机分为A组(n=30)和B组(n=29)。A组患者术中Narcotrend分级维持在D0水平,B组患者维持在D2水平。比较两组患者自主呼吸恢复时间、苏醒时间、拔管时间和Steward苏醒评分大于4分的时间,分别于拔管后即刻(T1)、拔管后5 min(T2)、15 min(T3)、30 min(T4)对两组患者进行改良警觉/镇静评分及Steward苏醒评分,并记录两组患者苏醒期躁动及术中知晓情况。结果 A组自主呼吸恢复时间、苏醒时间、拔管时间及Steward苏醒评分大于4分的时间均短于B组(均P<0.05);A组T1、T2时改良警觉/镇静评分以及T1时Steward苏醒评分均高于B组(均P<0.05);所有患者均无术中知晓,两组苏醒期躁动发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论将Narcotrend监测分级维持在D0水平,有助于缩短老年腹腔镜疝修补术患者的苏醒时间,提高苏醒质量,且不增加苏醒期躁动发生率。

Study on Seepage Characteristics of Composite Bucket Foundation Under Eccentric Load

Under the effect of eccentric loads,when the suction pressure of the composite bucket foundation is leveled,the seepage failure is very easy to occur.The seepage failure occurrence causes the foundation to settle unevenly and impairs the bearing performance.This study uses ABAQUS finite element software to establish a composite bucket foundation model for finite element analysis.The model simulates the seepage of the foundation penetrating process under eccentric load to reveal the induced seepage characteristics of the bucket foundation.The most vulnerable position of seepage failure under the eccentric loading is elucidated.Critical suction formulas for different offset eccentric moment strategies are derived and compared with existing literature formulas.Then the derived formula is supplemented and corrected according to the pressure difference between adjacent cabins.Conclusions can be drawn:(1)Under eccentric loads,the critical suction decreases about 7%−10%.(2)The pressure difference between adjacent cabins impacts significantly on the seepage field,and the critical suction,at most,can be reduced by 17.56%.(3)the offset strategies have little effect on the seepage field.Efficient and appropriate strategies can be selected to meet the requirement of leveling in engineering project.

Integrated Towing Transportation Technique for Offshore Wind Turbine with Composite Bucket Foundation

Composite bucket foundation and one-step installation technology for offshore wind turbine are the integration of foundation construction,transportation and whole installation at sea.The cost of offshore wind turbine construction and installation has been largely reduced.Foundation stability is the key technology in the process of towing transportation.Field observation data can reflect the real state of the foundation.In this paper,the influence of water depth and towing speed on liquid level,the compartment pressure,and the pitch angles during towing of composite bucket foundation are studied.These data are analyzed based on the field measurements data from a 3.3 MW offshore wind power project in China.The results show that with varied water depths and towing speeds,the compartment pressure changes are small during the bucket foundation towing process.The offshore wind turbine composite bucket foundation is stable while being towed in the ocean.

莞香灵芝与市售灵芝中总三萜含量的对比分析

【目的】比较以莞香木栽培的灵芝(莞香灵芝)与市售不同来源地的灵芝中总三萜含量。【方法】分别按照中国药典及安徽省地方标准,以齐墩果酸为对照品,采用紫外—可见分光光度法测定莞香灵芝和7种市售灵芝(分别产自安徽、山东、河南、长白山、广西、广东、江西等地)的总三萜含量,并进行比较。【结果】按照中国药典标准,灵芝总三萜不得少于0.50%,本研究测得长白山、广西、江西产灵芝及莞香灵芝均符合要求,8种灵芝总三萜含量之间存在显著性差异(P <0.05),莞香灵芝总三萜平均含量显著高于其他7种市售灵芝(P <0.05)。按照安徽地方标准测得仅有莞香灵芝符合要求。【结论】本研究测得莞香灵芝中总三萜含量明显高于市售的安徽、山东、河南、长白山、广西、广东、江西产灵芝,符合中国药典及地方标准的要求,可为莞香灵芝的开发与利用提供科学依据。

Shaking Table Tests of Four-Bucket Jacket Foundation for Offshore Wind Turbines

As the offshore wind turbine foundation,the four-bucket jacket foundation has a large stiffness and the structure is difficult to be damaged under seismic load.Nevertheless,the saturated subsoil of the four-bucket jacket foundation tends to be liquefied under earthquake,which greatly affects the safety of offshore wind turbine.Therefore,the seismic performance of four-bucket jacket foundation is mainly reflected in the anti-liquefaction capacity of foundation soil.In this paper,the liquefaction resistance of sandy soil of four-bucket jacket foundation for offshore wind turbine is studied.The liquefaction and dynamic response of sandy soil foundation of four-bucket jacket foundation under seismic load are obtained by carrying out the shaking table test,and the influence mechanism of four-bucket jacket foundation on the liquefaction resistance of sandy soil foundation is analyzed.

不同滑动速度下两种钛合金的磨损行为

采用销-盘式磨损试验机对比研究两种典型双相钛合金TC4和TC11合金在不同滑动速度下的磨损行为,并探讨了磨损机制。结果表明:TC4合金的磨损率随滑动速度加快和载荷增加而增长,滑动速度为4m/s时,同载荷下的磨损率达到了最高值;而TC11合金的磨损率随滑动速度加快先增加,在滑动速度为2m/s时达到最高值然后开始下降,在4 m/s时取得最低值。载荷30 N时,TC4合金在滑动速度为1~4 m/s时的磨损机制主要为轻微粘着磨损、磨粒磨损和剥层磨损;TC11合金在滑动速度为1~2 m/s时的磨损机制为轻微粘着磨损、磨粒磨损和剥层磨损,在3 m/s时的为氧化磨损和磨粒磨损,但在4 m/s时的为氧化轻微磨损。两种钛合金在滑动速度为1~2m/s时的磨损行为与磨损机制相似。但高速下,稳定摩擦氧化物层的存在显著降低了TC11合金的磨损率;而TC4合金由于硬度相对较低,对摩擦氧化物层的支撑作用不足,磨损率快速增长。

Experimental Study on Influencing Factors of Motion Responses for Air-Floating Tetrapod Bucket Foundation

Air floating transport is one of the key construction technologies of bucket foundation.The influences of draft,water depth and bucket spacing on the motion response characteristics of tetrapod bucket foundation(TBF)during air-floating transportation were studied by models tests.The results showed that with the increase of draft,the natural periods of heave motion increased,while the maximum amplitudes of oscillating motion decreased.The maximum amplitudes of heave motion decreased while pitch motion increased with the increasing of water depth;further,the period range of oscillating amplitude close to the maximum amplitude was expanded due to shallow water effect.With increasing bucket spacing,the maximum amplitudes of heave motion first increase and then decreased,whereas the maximum amplitudes of pitch motion decreased.Therefore,the favorable air-floating transportation performance can be achieved by choosing a larger bucket spacing under the condition of meeting the design requirements and reducing the draft under shallower water.

Effect of Al_2O_3on Structure and Wearability of Composite Coating

The composite coating was prepared by thermal spray welding after making composite powder,which is composed of Ni-based self-melted alloy and AlOceramic powder including nano,sub-micron and micron powders.The influences of contents and sizes of AlOon the structure and wearability were investigated.The results show that the wear resistance of the coating would be increased greatly by adding AlO,but the spray weldability decreases with increasing AlOcontent.So there is an optimal content of AlOpowder.The composite coating with AlOnano or sub-micron powder of 0.5% has the best abrasive resistance,while the optimal content of AlOmicron powder is 1 %.

Model Tests Research on A Float-Over Barge in Shallow Water Under the Undocking Conditions

In this study,the Jinzhou 9-3 CEPD float-over installation project was investigated.During the undocking condition,the water depth of the motion path of the working barge gradually changed from 10.31 m to 9.41 m.The undocking clearance of the HYSY 228 is smaller than 1 m;therefore,the barge shows highly nonlinear hydrodynamic characteristics,and it is difficult to be accurately simulated by numerical analysis.Thus,it is necessary to obtain the hydrodynamic characteristics and laws of the float-over barge at different water depths by using tank model test,to provide some reference and guidance for float-over operations in shallow water.