淮河流域是中国南北气候重要的过渡带,气象灾害频繁发生。这里水网、农田、丘陵、山地、城镇密布,地-气作用复杂,干冷与暖湿空气时常交汇于此,造成局地或流域旱涝经常发生。淮河流域处于梅雨区,且是中国重要的农业生产基地,具有气象和...淮河流域是中国南北气候重要的过渡带,气象灾害频繁发生。这里水网、农田、丘陵、山地、城镇密布,地-气作用复杂,干冷与暖湿空气时常交汇于此,造成局地或流域旱涝经常发生。淮河流域处于梅雨区,且是中国重要的农业生产基地,具有气象和水文综合观测系统,积累了长序列的气象和水文观测资料。因此,淮河流域是研究能量和水分循环的理想试验区。国家自然科学基金重大项目"淮河流域能量与水分循环试验和研究(HUaihe river Basin Experiment,简称HUBEX)"于1998、1999年夏在淮河流域开展了气象和水文联合观测试验。文中回顾了HUBEX试验的目的、观测网设计与布局,介绍了HUBEX推动下的淮河流域综合观测网的发展,总结了HUBEX观测试验对区域气候事件和暴雨等灾害性天气机理研究、提高模式模拟和预报能力及建立长期连续的气象观测数据集等方面的成果和作用。展开更多
Substantial progress has been made over the past three decades since the Monsoon Experiments（MONEX） of 1978–79. Here, we review these achievements by highlighting four breakthroughs in monsoon research：（1） The i...Substantial progress has been made over the past three decades since the Monsoon Experiments（MONEX） of 1978–79. Here, we review these achievements by highlighting four breakthroughs in monsoon research：（1） The identification of the coupled ocean–land–atmosphere nature of the monsoon in the process of the annual cycle of solar heating;（2） new understanding of the changes in the driving forces of monsoon systems, with anthropogenic factors（climate effects of increased greenhouse gas and aerosol emissions） playing an important role in the regulation of monsoons;（3） detection of the interdecadal- and centennial-scale variability of monsoon systems, and its attribution to the combined impact of global warming and natural（especially oceanic） effects; and（4） the emerging concept of the global monsoon and its long-term variation under the impact of global climate change. All the observational and model-derived evidence demonstrates that the monsoon system, as an important component of the global climate system, has already changed and will continue to change in the future. This picture of an evolving monsoon system poses great challenges for near-term prediction and long-term projection.展开更多
文摘淮河流域是中国南北气候重要的过渡带,气象灾害频繁发生。这里水网、农田、丘陵、山地、城镇密布,地-气作用复杂,干冷与暖湿空气时常交汇于此,造成局地或流域旱涝经常发生。淮河流域处于梅雨区,且是中国重要的农业生产基地,具有气象和水文综合观测系统,积累了长序列的气象和水文观测资料。因此,淮河流域是研究能量和水分循环的理想试验区。国家自然科学基金重大项目"淮河流域能量与水分循环试验和研究(HUaihe river Basin Experiment,简称HUBEX)"于1998、1999年夏在淮河流域开展了气象和水文联合观测试验。文中回顾了HUBEX试验的目的、观测网设计与布局,介绍了HUBEX推动下的淮河流域综合观测网的发展,总结了HUBEX观测试验对区域气候事件和暴雨等灾害性天气机理研究、提高模式模拟和预报能力及建立长期连续的气象观测数据集等方面的成果和作用。
基金jointly sponsored by the National (Key) Basic Research, Development (973) Program of China (Grant Nos. 2012CB417205 and 2013CB430202)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 41130960)the China Meteorological Administration Special Public Welfare Research Fund (Grant No. GYHY 201406001)
文摘Substantial progress has been made over the past three decades since the Monsoon Experiments（MONEX） of 1978–79. Here, we review these achievements by highlighting four breakthroughs in monsoon research：（1） The identification of the coupled ocean–land–atmosphere nature of the monsoon in the process of the annual cycle of solar heating;（2） new understanding of the changes in the driving forces of monsoon systems, with anthropogenic factors（climate effects of increased greenhouse gas and aerosol emissions） playing an important role in the regulation of monsoons;（3） detection of the interdecadal- and centennial-scale variability of monsoon systems, and its attribution to the combined impact of global warming and natural（especially oceanic） effects; and（4） the emerging concept of the global monsoon and its long-term variation under the impact of global climate change. All the observational and model-derived evidence demonstrates that the monsoon system, as an important component of the global climate system, has already changed and will continue to change in the future. This picture of an evolving monsoon system poses great challenges for near-term prediction and long-term projection.
