云南高原1～30km^2天然小湖泊藻类研究初报

2013年秋季,首次对云南1～30 km^2天然小湖泊的自然地理、社会经济、水质和生态现状进行了综合调查,本文报道了藻类研究成果。初步分类鉴定,云南天然小湖泊共有藻类8门85属217种,其中,绿藻门30属87种;硅藻门27属66种;蓝藻门19属44种;裸藻门3属7种;甲藻门2属5种;金藻门1属4种;隐藻门2属3种;黄藻门1属1种。藻类现存量在30.58～10289.13×10~4cells/L,石林月湖最少,祥云青海湖最高。分别报道了20个天然小湖泊藻类现状,讨论了藻类多样性与种类组成、藻类群结构与湖泊营养化状态、藻类现存量与湖泊营养化状态的关系,并将云南20个天然小湖泊划分为四类保护治理类型,其中,保护型小湖泊5个;预防型小湖泊3个;防治型小湖泊8个;治理型湖泊4个。提出了各类型小湖泊生态调控对策与建议。

Succession of nine plateau lakes and regulation of ecological safety in Yunnan Province

The Nine plateau lakes are those lakes whose areas are larger than 30km2 in Yunnan province.These lakes are Dianchi Lake,Erhai Lake,Fuxian Lake,Chenghai Lake,Lugu Lake,Qilu Lake,Xingyun Lake,Yangzonghai Lake,and Yilong Lake.The nine plateau lakes are important for economic development and for ecological security.However,all lakes are facing different environmental issues such as eutrophication and water quality degradation.Different strategies should be proposed according to the various conditions of the lakes.Three types of prevention,control and treatment strategies were proposed based on the succession process,the ecology stages,the economic and social development,the eutrophication stages,the water qualities,and the dominant ecological functions.