Carbon emissions associated with buildings are a major source of urban emissions. To put forward the methods and strategies to curb carbon emissions from urban building stock, it is not only necessary to establish a c...Carbon emissions associated with buildings are a major source of urban emissions. To put forward the methods and strategies to curb carbon emissions from urban building stock, it is not only necessary to establish a carbon emission calculation method for fine statistical analysis, but also to evaluate carbon emissions of urban planning schemes with applicable indexes. Currently,researches mainly focus on carbon emissions of individual buildings. When expanded to urban building stock, the calculation faces the lack of basic data, inadequate spatial analysis and unspecific carbon reduction indexes. Therefore, this study proposes a bottom-up calculation method for urban building stock, conducts spatial analysis based on carbon balance of urban grids, reveals the coupling mechanism between urban carbon reduction indexes and grid carbon emissions, and systematically establishes a carbon-reduction-oriented urban planning method that comprises calculation, analysis and evaluation, which is applied to Xi'an,China. This study provides a theoretical reference for cities to formulate carbon reduction targets and implement planning strategies by evaluating and predicting carbon emissions from urban building stock.展开更多
目的探讨妊娠期及产褥期并发严重肾功能不全患者的抗凝治疗方案,为临床该类患者提供抗凝用药参考。方法临床药师通过查阅指南、专家共识、复习妊娠期及哺乳期抗凝药物的安全用药,以及严重肾功能不全患者抗凝药物剂量调整的相关文献,参与...目的探讨妊娠期及产褥期并发严重肾功能不全患者的抗凝治疗方案,为临床该类患者提供抗凝用药参考。方法临床药师通过查阅指南、专家共识、复习妊娠期及哺乳期抗凝药物的安全用药,以及严重肾功能不全患者抗凝药物剂量调整的相关文献,参与1例慢性高血压合并子痫前期并发严重肾功能不全患者术后抗凝方案的制定。结果临床药师提供医师该患者肝素(5000 U q12h皮下注射)抗凝方案并进行APTT监护,医师采纳,患者无血栓发生,经治疗好转出院。结论对于孕产妇并发严重肾功能不全需预防静脉血栓时,肝素是个较适合的选择抗凝用药,使用过程中监测APTT。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51838011)the Opening Fund of State Key Laboratory of Green Building(Grant No.LSZZ202204)。
文摘Carbon emissions associated with buildings are a major source of urban emissions. To put forward the methods and strategies to curb carbon emissions from urban building stock, it is not only necessary to establish a carbon emission calculation method for fine statistical analysis, but also to evaluate carbon emissions of urban planning schemes with applicable indexes. Currently,researches mainly focus on carbon emissions of individual buildings. When expanded to urban building stock, the calculation faces the lack of basic data, inadequate spatial analysis and unspecific carbon reduction indexes. Therefore, this study proposes a bottom-up calculation method for urban building stock, conducts spatial analysis based on carbon balance of urban grids, reveals the coupling mechanism between urban carbon reduction indexes and grid carbon emissions, and systematically establishes a carbon-reduction-oriented urban planning method that comprises calculation, analysis and evaluation, which is applied to Xi'an,China. This study provides a theoretical reference for cities to formulate carbon reduction targets and implement planning strategies by evaluating and predicting carbon emissions from urban building stock.
文摘目的探讨妊娠期及产褥期并发严重肾功能不全患者的抗凝治疗方案,为临床该类患者提供抗凝用药参考。方法临床药师通过查阅指南、专家共识、复习妊娠期及哺乳期抗凝药物的安全用药,以及严重肾功能不全患者抗凝药物剂量调整的相关文献,参与1例慢性高血压合并子痫前期并发严重肾功能不全患者术后抗凝方案的制定。结果临床药师提供医师该患者肝素(5000 U q12h皮下注射)抗凝方案并进行APTT监护,医师采纳,患者无血栓发生,经治疗好转出院。结论对于孕产妇并发严重肾功能不全需预防静脉血栓时,肝素是个较适合的选择抗凝用药,使用过程中监测APTT。
