为提高插电式混合动力客车的燃油经济性,可利用智能交通系统(intelligent transport system,ITS)提供的多种交通信息设计工况自适应能量管理策略。为此,首先搭建了能采集多种ITS信息的仿真平台,发现了电池电量消耗速率与交通拥堵等级之...为提高插电式混合动力客车的燃油经济性,可利用智能交通系统(intelligent transport system,ITS)提供的多种交通信息设计工况自适应能量管理策略。为此,首先搭建了能采集多种ITS信息的仿真平台,发现了电池电量消耗速率与交通拥堵等级之间的显著相关性。据此,先利用交通拥堵等级预测剩余行程的车速以分配各路段的电量,再利用多种信息准确地预测当前路段的车速,并结合当前路段的可用电量得到电量消耗轨迹。最后在线应用时通过跟随该轨迹实现最终的能量管理策略。通过仿真分析,发现该策略的性能较CDCS策略最多可提升15%,接近动态规划所得的全局最优解。展开更多
While the Antarctic Slope Current(ASC) has been intensively studied for the East Antarctica slope area and the Weddell Sea, its fate in the western Antarctic Peninsula(WAP) region remains much less known. Data from tw...While the Antarctic Slope Current(ASC) has been intensively studied for the East Antarctica slope area and the Weddell Sea, its fate in the western Antarctic Peninsula(WAP) region remains much less known. Data from two cruises conducted near the South Shetland Islands(SSIs) and the Elephant Island(EI), one in austral summer of 2004 and one in austral winter of 2006, were analyzed to provide a broad picture of the circulation pattern over the continental slope of the surveyed area, and an insight into the dynamical balance of the circulation. The results indicate that southwestward currents are present over the upper slope in the study area, indicating the ASC in the WAP region. Near the Shackleton Gap(SG) north of the EI, the southwestward slope currents near the shelf break are characterized by a water mass colder and fresher than the ambient water, which produces cross-slope density gradients and then vertical shear of the along-slope(or along-isobath) velocity. The vertical shear is associated with a reversal of the along-slope current from northeastward at surface to southwestward in deeper layers, or a depth-intensification of the southwestward slope currents. The water mass with temperature and salinity characteristics similar to the observed cold and fresh water is also revealed on the southern slope of the Scotia Sea, suggesting that this cold and fresh water is originated from the Scotia Sea slope and flows southwestward through the SG. Over the shelf north of the SSIs, the cold and fresh water mass is also observed and originates mainly from the Bransfield Strait. In this area, vertical structure of the southwestward slope currents is associated with the onshore intrusion of the upper Circumpolar Deep Water that creates cross-slope density gradients.展开更多
文摘为提高插电式混合动力客车的燃油经济性,可利用智能交通系统(intelligent transport system,ITS)提供的多种交通信息设计工况自适应能量管理策略。为此,首先搭建了能采集多种ITS信息的仿真平台,发现了电池电量消耗速率与交通拥堵等级之间的显著相关性。据此,先利用交通拥堵等级预测剩余行程的车速以分配各路段的电量,再利用多种信息准确地预测当前路段的车速,并结合当前路段的可用电量得到电量消耗轨迹。最后在线应用时通过跟随该轨迹实现最终的能量管理策略。通过仿真分析,发现该策略的性能较CDCS策略最多可提升15%,接近动态规划所得的全局最优解。
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.41406006)sponsored by Shanghai Sailling Program (No.15FY1406400)
文摘While the Antarctic Slope Current(ASC) has been intensively studied for the East Antarctica slope area and the Weddell Sea, its fate in the western Antarctic Peninsula(WAP) region remains much less known. Data from two cruises conducted near the South Shetland Islands(SSIs) and the Elephant Island(EI), one in austral summer of 2004 and one in austral winter of 2006, were analyzed to provide a broad picture of the circulation pattern over the continental slope of the surveyed area, and an insight into the dynamical balance of the circulation. The results indicate that southwestward currents are present over the upper slope in the study area, indicating the ASC in the WAP region. Near the Shackleton Gap(SG) north of the EI, the southwestward slope currents near the shelf break are characterized by a water mass colder and fresher than the ambient water, which produces cross-slope density gradients and then vertical shear of the along-slope(or along-isobath) velocity. The vertical shear is associated with a reversal of the along-slope current from northeastward at surface to southwestward in deeper layers, or a depth-intensification of the southwestward slope currents. The water mass with temperature and salinity characteristics similar to the observed cold and fresh water is also revealed on the southern slope of the Scotia Sea, suggesting that this cold and fresh water is originated from the Scotia Sea slope and flows southwestward through the SG. Over the shelf north of the SSIs, the cold and fresh water mass is also observed and originates mainly from the Bransfield Strait. In this area, vertical structure of the southwestward slope currents is associated with the onshore intrusion of the upper Circumpolar Deep Water that creates cross-slope density gradients.
