Objective The Babu ophiolite in Malipo County of southeastern Yunnan is interpreted as remanant ocean crust and represents a possible branch of Paleo-Tethyan Ocean in South China. It consists mainly of mafic and ultra...Objective The Babu ophiolite in Malipo County of southeastern Yunnan is interpreted as remanant ocean crust and represents a possible branch of Paleo-Tethyan Ocean in South China. It consists mainly of mafic and ultramafic rocks. These rocks are very important to understand the evolution of the Paleo-Tethyan Ocean. However, the Babu ophiolite is still disputed and the mafic and ultramafic rocks have been inferred to be part of the Emeishan large igneous province （LIP） by some researchers. In this paper, we present zircon U-Pb data on the metabasalts in Malipo to reveal the formation time of mafic and ultramafic rocks and their tectonic nature.展开更多
Core ZHS-176 contains the paleoenvironmental records from the northern South China Sea （NSCS） since the Last Glacial Maximum （LGM）. A coupled approach based on clay mineral assemblages, planktonic foraminiferal ox...Core ZHS-176 contains the paleoenvironmental records from the northern South China Sea （NSCS） since the Last Glacial Maximum （LGM）. A coupled approach based on clay mineral assemblages, planktonic foraminiferal oxygen and carbon isotopes, and calcium carbonate content is used to trace the sources of the fine-grained sediment and to investigate the paleoenviornmental evolution in this area. Clay mineral assemblages are dominated by illite （average about 39%） and chlorite （about 27%）, which comes mainly from Taiwan and the East China Sea. Kaolinite, which accounts for about 13%, comes mainly from the Zhujiang （Pearl） River, and Luzon Island is the main source for smectite （about 21%）. The planktonic foraminiferal oxygen isotopic oscillations during the last glacial period are coeval with climate variations recorded in the Greenland ice core and Western Pacific sediment. These variations include the LGM, Heinrich event 1, Bφlling-Allerφd （B/A）, and Younger Dryas. For the Holocene, three periods of strong precipitation （S1-S3） and three periods of weak precipitation （W1-W3） are identified. The oxygen isotopic record exhibits corre-lation with climate records from distant regions, including the high-latitude Northern Hemisphere, providing evidence for global tele-connection among regional climate. A brief, negative planktonic foraminiferal carbon isotopic excursion during B/A reflects increased methane released from marine gas hydrate due to the rapid warming of the water. By comparing calcium carbonate content curves of the core ZHS-176 with these of other five boreholes lying above the lysocline, a remarkable low calcium carbonate event is found during the early Holocene in NSCS.展开更多
Devonian in the North Qilian orogenic belt and Hexi Corridor developed terrestrial molasse of later stage of foreland basin caused by collision between the North China plate and Qaidam microplate. The foreland basin t...Devonian in the North Qilian orogenic belt and Hexi Corridor developed terrestrial molasse of later stage of foreland basin caused by collision between the North China plate and Qaidam microplate. The foreland basin triggered a intense earthquake, and formed seismites and earthquake-related soft-sediment deformation. The soft-sediment deformation structures of Devonian in the eastern North Qilian Mts. consist of seismo-cracks, sandstone dykes, syn-depositional faults, microfoids （micro-corrugated lamination）, fluidized veins, load casts, flame structures, pillow structures and brecciation. The seismo-cracks, syn-depositional faults and microfolds are cracks, faults and folds formed directly by oscillation of earthquake. The seismic dykes formed by sediment instilling into seismic cracks. Fluidized veins were made by instilling into the seismo-fissures of the fluidized sands. The load casts, flame structures and pillow structures were formed by sinking and instilling caused from oscillation of earthquake along the face between sandy and muddy beds. The brecciation resulted from the oscillation of earthquake and cracking of sedimentary layers. The seismites and soft-sediment deformations in Devonian triggered the earthquake related to tectonic activities during the orogeny and uplift of North Qilian Mts.展开更多
Quantitative morphologic analysis of shallowly buried, dendritic channel systems in the continental shelf off the abandoned Huanghe River （Yellow River） mouth has been made based on interpretation of high resolution...Quantitative morphologic analysis of shallowly buried, dendritic channel systems in the continental shelf off the abandoned Huanghe River （Yellow River） mouth has been made based on interpretation of high resolution seismic profiles, with the attempt to estimate the paleo-hydrologic parameters when the incised-channels formed, then assess the paleoenvironment. The results indicate that the buried channel systems were formed about 44 cal ka BP when the shelf was subaerially exposed and subsequently drowned and filled during the Holocene transgression with the sea level rise continuously. The study area has experienced the processes from fluvial and estuarine to fully marine.展开更多
Objective The eastern extending range of the Paleo-Tethys Ocean in southwest China has always been focused and controversial. At the beginning of this century some scholars proposed that the Paleo-Tethys Branch Ocean...Objective The eastern extending range of the Paleo-Tethys Ocean in southwest China has always been focused and controversial. At the beginning of this century some scholars proposed that the Paleo-Tethys Branch Ocean may extend to the Babu-Pingxiang and Cengxi areas along the stouthwestern margin of the South China Block （Cai and Zhang, 2009）. However, the pivotal proof of Late Paleozoic ophoilite and magmatic rocks was absent or sporadical in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, resulting in insufficient evidence to support this viewpoint. For the first time this work reported the Late Devonian tuff in the Qinzhou area in the south of the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and conducted zircon U-Pb dating on it in order to constrain the extension of the Paleo-Tethys Ocean in the South China Block.展开更多
The problem of the eastward extension of Qinling sea of Late Hercynian -Early Indosinian has always been in suspension. The present paper makes an assumption that the Qinling rock-group should be a tectonic complex co...The problem of the eastward extension of Qinling sea of Late Hercynian -Early Indosinian has always been in suspension. The present paper makes an assumption that the Qinling rock-group should be a tectonic complex consisting of complicated structural slices of different ages according to the new discovery of radiolarias and other faunas in the Yanlinggou rock-formation in the area around eastern Qinling-Toughai Mountains. The discovery of the Early Triassic radiolarias in Tongbai Mountain and the analysis of the paleogeography of the Yangtze and North China plate margins indicate the existence of eastern Qinling-Tongbai-Dabie sea of Late Hercynian-Early Indosinian, which is considered to be the eastward extension of the western Qinling rift trough. The rift trough was closed by the convergent collision between the Yangtze and North China plates in Middle to Late Triassic.展开更多
Continual deep-water sediments from the late Early Devonian to the Late Permian extended in wide areas of western Guangxi.We analyzed the major,trace,and rare earth elements of the Upper Paleozoic cherts in Badu,weste...Continual deep-water sediments from the late Early Devonian to the Late Permian extended in wide areas of western Guangxi.We analyzed the major,trace,and rare earth elements of the Upper Paleozoic cherts in Badu,western Guangxi.High non-terrigenous SiO2 contents(Sinon-ter/Sibulk(%)> 80%) and pure chert components(> 70%) indicate a large extent of silicification in the Upper Paleozoic cherts,except for the Upper Devonian-Lower Carboniferous Luzhai Formation cherts,which have lower non-terrigenous SiO2 contents(avg.71.8%) and pure chert components(40%-70%).The Al/(Al+Fe+Mn) ratios and Feter/Febulk(%) values of samples from the lowest horizon of the Pingen Formation are 0.05-0.26,13.1%-14.5%,respectively,indicating hydrothermal origins.All other samples show high Al/(Al+Fe+Mn) ratios(0.39-0.81) and high Feter/Febulk(%) values(23.1%-186.8%),indicating non-hydrothermal origins.The Pingen Formation and Liujiang Formation cherts show slightly-moderately negative Ce anomalies(0.71±0.07,0.81±0.08,respectively) and higher Y/Ho ratios(33.49±1.27,36.10±2.05,respectively) than PAAS.This suggests that these cherts were deposited in the open marine basin,rather than in the intracontinental rift basin as previously assumed.The Luzhai Formation cherts may be deposited near the seamount or seafloor plateaus with no negative Ce anomalies(1.09±0.07) and no significant Y-Ho fractionation(Y/Ho=28.60±1.25).The Nandan Formation and Sidazhai Formation cherts were deposited in the open-ocean basin with moderately negative Ce anomalies(0.67±0.08,0.73±0.11,respectively) and high Y/Ho ratios(36.01±1.00,32.00±2.25,respectively).On the basis of our studies about cherts,we conclude that the Youjiang Basin originated as part of the Paleo-Tethys that controlled the depositional environments of cherts during late Paleozoic.The rift of the Youjiang Basin had occurred at least since the Early-Middle Devonian.The basin had a trend of evolving into an open-ocean basin during the Early-Middle Permian.展开更多
In the northern South China Sea,the accumulation of enormous quantities of terrigenous sediment during Cenozoic rendered well-developed polymetallic nodules very rare.In this study,we analyzed a polymetallic nodule fr...In the northern South China Sea,the accumulation of enormous quantities of terrigenous sediment during Cenozoic rendered well-developed polymetallic nodules very rare.In this study,we analyzed a polymetallic nodule from the northwestern continental margin of the South China Sea using microscopic mineralogical observation,electron probes,X-ray diffraction(XRD),ICP-MS,and Be isotope dating.We found the nodule's shell layers rich in different types of microstructures,including columnar,laminar,stack-like,petal-like,and porphyritic structures.The major mineral components of the nodule are MnO2.Unlike nodules from the eastern Pacific basin,this nodule has high contents in Fe,Si,Al,and REEs but low contents in Mn,Cu,Co,and Ni.The Mn/Fe ratio is also low and the average REEs content is 1370.4 ppm.There is a strong positive anomaly of Ce;and the Be(beryllium) isotope dating shows the initial time of growth of the nodule to be about 3.29 Ma.The inner compact layer formed from 3.29 Ma to about 1.83 Ma.The laminar and stack-like structures and the low contents of the terrigenous elements such as Fe,Si,REE,and Al indicate the paleoceanographical environment with weak undersea currents and favorable oxidizing conditions.From 1.83 Ma to 0.73 Ma,the growth rate of the nodule increased by about 3%;the microstructures formed during this period are stack-like and columnar.The contents of Si and Al are increased by nearly 10%,indicating an increase of terrigenous sediment input in the northern South China Sea.The content of Ce is decreased by about 16%,indicating a significant weakening of the oxidizing conditions at the seabed.From 0.73 Ma to 0.69 Ma,the growth rate of the nodule rapidly rose up to 8.27 times that of the nodule's average growth rate,and the contents of Fe,Al,and REEs in the layer also increased,forming a loose layer characterized by oolitic,granular,porphyritic,and petal-like structures,indicating the paleoceanographical environment with a high sedimemtation rate and abundant supply of terrigenous sediment in the northern South China Sea.From 0.69 Ma to 0.22 Ma,the growth rate of the nodule suddenly slowed and the outer compact layer formed.Contents of Fe,Si,REE,Al,Mn,Cu,Co,and Ni in this layer were significantly lower than in other layers.The main structures of the layer are laminar and fissure filling structures.These reflect the paleoceanographical environment with stable undersea currents,poor oxidizing conditions,and other conditions not conducive to nodule growth.The growth process of nodule S04-1DG-1 was found to respond sensitively to the changes of the paleoceanographical environment of the northern South China Sea during the late Cenozoic.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant No.41502109)the 973 Program(grant No.2015CB453000)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(grant No. 2015M582528)
文摘Objective The Babu ophiolite in Malipo County of southeastern Yunnan is interpreted as remanant ocean crust and represents a possible branch of Paleo-Tethyan Ocean in South China. It consists mainly of mafic and ultramafic rocks. These rocks are very important to understand the evolution of the Paleo-Tethyan Ocean. However, the Babu ophiolite is still disputed and the mafic and ultramafic rocks have been inferred to be part of the Emeishan large igneous province （LIP） by some researchers. In this paper, we present zircon U-Pb data on the metabasalts in Malipo to reveal the formation time of mafic and ultramafic rocks and their tectonic nature.
基金The National Basic Research Program of China under contract No. 2007CB411704
文摘Core ZHS-176 contains the paleoenvironmental records from the northern South China Sea （NSCS） since the Last Glacial Maximum （LGM）. A coupled approach based on clay mineral assemblages, planktonic foraminiferal oxygen and carbon isotopes, and calcium carbonate content is used to trace the sources of the fine-grained sediment and to investigate the paleoenviornmental evolution in this area. Clay mineral assemblages are dominated by illite （average about 39%） and chlorite （about 27%）, which comes mainly from Taiwan and the East China Sea. Kaolinite, which accounts for about 13%, comes mainly from the Zhujiang （Pearl） River, and Luzon Island is the main source for smectite （about 21%）. The planktonic foraminiferal oxygen isotopic oscillations during the last glacial period are coeval with climate variations recorded in the Greenland ice core and Western Pacific sediment. These variations include the LGM, Heinrich event 1, Bφlling-Allerφd （B/A）, and Younger Dryas. For the Holocene, three periods of strong precipitation （S1-S3） and three periods of weak precipitation （W1-W3） are identified. The oxygen isotopic record exhibits corre-lation with climate records from distant regions, including the high-latitude Northern Hemisphere, providing evidence for global tele-connection among regional climate. A brief, negative planktonic foraminiferal carbon isotopic excursion during B/A reflects increased methane released from marine gas hydrate due to the rapid warming of the water. By comparing calcium carbonate content curves of the core ZHS-176 with these of other five boreholes lying above the lysocline, a remarkable low calcium carbonate event is found during the early Holocene in NSCS.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NO,40672080,40621002)the Program for Innovative Research Team in University of the Ministry of Education of China(IRT00546)"111 Project"(Grant No.B08030)
文摘Devonian in the North Qilian orogenic belt and Hexi Corridor developed terrestrial molasse of later stage of foreland basin caused by collision between the North China plate and Qaidam microplate. The foreland basin triggered a intense earthquake, and formed seismites and earthquake-related soft-sediment deformation. The soft-sediment deformation structures of Devonian in the eastern North Qilian Mts. consist of seismo-cracks, sandstone dykes, syn-depositional faults, microfoids （micro-corrugated lamination）, fluidized veins, load casts, flame structures, pillow structures and brecciation. The seismo-cracks, syn-depositional faults and microfolds are cracks, faults and folds formed directly by oscillation of earthquake. The seismic dykes formed by sediment instilling into seismic cracks. Fluidized veins were made by instilling into the seismo-fissures of the fluidized sands. The load casts, flame structures and pillow structures were formed by sinking and instilling caused from oscillation of earthquake along the face between sandy and muddy beds. The brecciation resulted from the oscillation of earthquake and cracking of sedimentary layers. The seismites and soft-sediment deformations in Devonian triggered the earthquake related to tectonic activities during the orogeny and uplift of North Qilian Mts.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China under grant No. 40876034the National Basic Research Program under grant No. 1212010611401
文摘Quantitative morphologic analysis of shallowly buried, dendritic channel systems in the continental shelf off the abandoned Huanghe River （Yellow River） mouth has been made based on interpretation of high resolution seismic profiles, with the attempt to estimate the paleo-hydrologic parameters when the incised-channels formed, then assess the paleoenvironment. The results indicate that the buried channel systems were formed about 44 cal ka BP when the shelf was subaerially exposed and subsequently drowned and filled during the Holocene transgression with the sea level rise continuously. The study area has experienced the processes from fluvial and estuarine to fully marine.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grants No.41602105,41530966,41672106 and 41472086)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(grant No.2016M590655)the fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,Ocean University of China
文摘Objective The eastern extending range of the Paleo-Tethys Ocean in southwest China has always been focused and controversial. At the beginning of this century some scholars proposed that the Paleo-Tethys Branch Ocean may extend to the Babu-Pingxiang and Cengxi areas along the stouthwestern margin of the South China Block （Cai and Zhang, 2009）. However, the pivotal proof of Late Paleozoic ophoilite and magmatic rocks was absent or sporadical in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, resulting in insufficient evidence to support this viewpoint. For the first time this work reported the Late Devonian tuff in the Qinzhou area in the south of the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and conducted zircon U-Pb dating on it in order to constrain the extension of the Paleo-Tethys Ocean in the South China Block.
文摘The problem of the eastward extension of Qinling sea of Late Hercynian -Early Indosinian has always been in suspension. The present paper makes an assumption that the Qinling rock-group should be a tectonic complex consisting of complicated structural slices of different ages according to the new discovery of radiolarias and other faunas in the Yanlinggou rock-formation in the area around eastern Qinling-Toughai Mountains. The discovery of the Early Triassic radiolarias in Tongbai Mountain and the analysis of the paleogeography of the Yangtze and North China plate margins indicate the existence of eastern Qinling-Tongbai-Dabie sea of Late Hercynian-Early Indosinian, which is considered to be the eastward extension of the western Qinling rift trough. The rift trough was closed by the convergent collision between the Yangtze and North China plates in Middle to Late Triassic.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.40972078and40921062)"111Project"(Grant No.B08030)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China University of Geosciences(Wuhan)
文摘Continual deep-water sediments from the late Early Devonian to the Late Permian extended in wide areas of western Guangxi.We analyzed the major,trace,and rare earth elements of the Upper Paleozoic cherts in Badu,western Guangxi.High non-terrigenous SiO2 contents(Sinon-ter/Sibulk(%)> 80%) and pure chert components(> 70%) indicate a large extent of silicification in the Upper Paleozoic cherts,except for the Upper Devonian-Lower Carboniferous Luzhai Formation cherts,which have lower non-terrigenous SiO2 contents(avg.71.8%) and pure chert components(40%-70%).The Al/(Al+Fe+Mn) ratios and Feter/Febulk(%) values of samples from the lowest horizon of the Pingen Formation are 0.05-0.26,13.1%-14.5%,respectively,indicating hydrothermal origins.All other samples show high Al/(Al+Fe+Mn) ratios(0.39-0.81) and high Feter/Febulk(%) values(23.1%-186.8%),indicating non-hydrothermal origins.The Pingen Formation and Liujiang Formation cherts show slightly-moderately negative Ce anomalies(0.71±0.07,0.81±0.08,respectively) and higher Y/Ho ratios(33.49±1.27,36.10±2.05,respectively) than PAAS.This suggests that these cherts were deposited in the open marine basin,rather than in the intracontinental rift basin as previously assumed.The Luzhai Formation cherts may be deposited near the seamount or seafloor plateaus with no negative Ce anomalies(1.09±0.07) and no significant Y-Ho fractionation(Y/Ho=28.60±1.25).The Nandan Formation and Sidazhai Formation cherts were deposited in the open-ocean basin with moderately negative Ce anomalies(0.67±0.08,0.73±0.11,respectively) and high Y/Ho ratios(36.01±1.00,32.00±2.25,respectively).On the basis of our studies about cherts,we conclude that the Youjiang Basin originated as part of the Paleo-Tethys that controlled the depositional environments of cherts during late Paleozoic.The rift of the Youjiang Basin had occurred at least since the Early-Middle Devonian.The basin had a trend of evolving into an open-ocean basin during the Early-Middle Permian.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.40972079,41172015 and 41030853)National Basic Research Program of China(Grant No.2007CB411703)Education Department of Hebei Province(Grant Nos.2009443,2010248)
文摘In the northern South China Sea,the accumulation of enormous quantities of terrigenous sediment during Cenozoic rendered well-developed polymetallic nodules very rare.In this study,we analyzed a polymetallic nodule from the northwestern continental margin of the South China Sea using microscopic mineralogical observation,electron probes,X-ray diffraction(XRD),ICP-MS,and Be isotope dating.We found the nodule's shell layers rich in different types of microstructures,including columnar,laminar,stack-like,petal-like,and porphyritic structures.The major mineral components of the nodule are MnO2.Unlike nodules from the eastern Pacific basin,this nodule has high contents in Fe,Si,Al,and REEs but low contents in Mn,Cu,Co,and Ni.The Mn/Fe ratio is also low and the average REEs content is 1370.4 ppm.There is a strong positive anomaly of Ce;and the Be(beryllium) isotope dating shows the initial time of growth of the nodule to be about 3.29 Ma.The inner compact layer formed from 3.29 Ma to about 1.83 Ma.The laminar and stack-like structures and the low contents of the terrigenous elements such as Fe,Si,REE,and Al indicate the paleoceanographical environment with weak undersea currents and favorable oxidizing conditions.From 1.83 Ma to 0.73 Ma,the growth rate of the nodule increased by about 3%;the microstructures formed during this period are stack-like and columnar.The contents of Si and Al are increased by nearly 10%,indicating an increase of terrigenous sediment input in the northern South China Sea.The content of Ce is decreased by about 16%,indicating a significant weakening of the oxidizing conditions at the seabed.From 0.73 Ma to 0.69 Ma,the growth rate of the nodule rapidly rose up to 8.27 times that of the nodule's average growth rate,and the contents of Fe,Al,and REEs in the layer also increased,forming a loose layer characterized by oolitic,granular,porphyritic,and petal-like structures,indicating the paleoceanographical environment with a high sedimemtation rate and abundant supply of terrigenous sediment in the northern South China Sea.From 0.69 Ma to 0.22 Ma,the growth rate of the nodule suddenly slowed and the outer compact layer formed.Contents of Fe,Si,REE,Al,Mn,Cu,Co,and Ni in this layer were significantly lower than in other layers.The main structures of the layer are laminar and fissure filling structures.These reflect the paleoceanographical environment with stable undersea currents,poor oxidizing conditions,and other conditions not conducive to nodule growth.The growth process of nodule S04-1DG-1 was found to respond sensitively to the changes of the paleoceanographical environment of the northern South China Sea during the late Cenozoic.
