乳脂肪球膜的结构、功能及其影响因素

乳脂肪球膜中存在糖蛋白、鞘磷脂等多种生物活性物质,具有调节肠道菌群、提高免疫力等生物学功能。本文综述了乳脂肪球膜的结构、功能及其影响因素。

乳制品热处理强度评价方法研究进展

热处理是乳品行业很重要的一个环节,适当的热处理可以杀灭牛奶中的微生物,延长货架期。但是热处理也会引起牛奶中某些生物活性成分发生变化,如维生素、乳清蛋白等变性,导致牛奶营养及功能性价值下降。因此,检测牛奶热处理的强度,对于选择合适的热处理加工条件具有指导意义。本文在国内外已有文献报道基础上,对牛奶中热处理强度的评价方法进行了详细综述。

玉米赤霉烯酮对奶牛的毒性作用及脱毒方法研究进展

玉米赤霉烯酮是污染奶牛青贮饲料和精料补充料的主要毒素之一,影响奶牛瘤胃、生殖和产奶等功能。本文综述了玉米赤霉烯酮在畜禽机体内的代谢及对奶牛的毒性作用和脱毒方法的研究进展。

全株玉米青贮与湿玉米芯饲喂肉牛效果对比

[目的]试验旨在研究全株玉米青贮与湿玉米芯饲喂肉牛效果对比,[方法]选择体重450 kg左右的西门塔尔杂交牛30头,随机分为2组,保证精饲料不变,分别饲喂全株玉米青贮与湿玉米芯,试验期70 d。[结果]结果表明,(1)全株玉米青贮组的日增重显著高于玉米芯组(P<0.01),比玉米芯组高出20.92%,全株玉米青贮组的料重比较玉米芯组低21.16%;(2)每头牛全株玉米青贮组的养殖效益为15.38元/d,比玉米芯组高出52.37%。[结论]综上所述,全株玉米青贮组的饲喂效果优于湿玉米芯组。

Optimization of Molecular Distillation for Removal of Limonene from Ponkan Essential Oil Using Response Surface Methodology

Ponkan (Citrus reticulate Blanco) is one of the most popular citrus fruits for daily consumption and processing in China. In this study, limonene was removed from ponkan essential oil (PEO) by using an effective methodology to estimate the optimum levels of three independent variables of molecular distillation (MD) in order to minimize the limonene content and (b) maximize the removal rate. A three-factor Box-Behnken design (BBD) was employed to evaluate the effect of distilling temperature (45.00~55.00 ℃), wiper rolling speed (150.00~250.00 r/ min) and distilling pressure (25.00~35.00 Pa). The optimum parameters within the experimental range of the variables were extrapolated to be: distilling temperature 47.00℃, wiper rolling speed 203.00 r/min and distilling pressure 30.00 Pa. Optimal values extrapolated by response surface methodology (RSM) for the limonene content and removal rate of the desirable PEO were 47.82% and 84.67%, respectively.