The 30-Day Oral Administration Studies of Liposoluble Tea Polyphenols in Rats

Tea polyphenols is a natural antioxidant with a variety of biological activity.However,the weak liposolubility and low bioavailability limit their application.As a result,structural modification of tea polyphenols comes into being.The prepared liposoluble tea polyphenols was suggested as a good candidate antioxidant for edible-oil and fats products.But,safety studies on liposoluble tea polyphenols are limited.The objective of the present study was conducted to synthesize liposoluble tea polyphenols and evaluate its toxicity in Sprague-Dawley rats on oral administration at dietary levels of 1,2 and 4% for 30 days.There were no adverse effects on general condition,growth,food intake,feed conversion efficiency,haematology parameters,clinical chemistry values and organ weights.High-dose males exhibited a higher haemoglobin concentration and a lower alanine aminotransferase levels,and high-dose females showed a lower albumin and globulin levels.These slight changes were considered of no toxicological significance.Necropsy and histopathology findings revealed no treatment-related changes in any of the organs.Thus,the results allowed us to conclude that the liposoluble tea polyphenols properly utilized in the oral administration could be devoid of any toxic risk.

3D腹腔镜在胆道手术中应用的初步探索

目的初步探索3D腹腔镜在胆道手术中的临床效果。方法回顾性分析2015年1月-2016年6月在该院接受腹腔镜胆囊切除+胆总管探查手术治疗的胆道结石患者38例,其中3D腹腔镜手术16例,2D腹腔镜22例,比较分析两组患者手术时间、出血量、术后腹腔引流量,术后引流时间、术后住院时间、住院费用和并发症等的差异。结果 3D组患者手术时间及出血量均优于2D组(P<0.05),两组患者术后引流量、术后引流时间、术后住院时间、住院费用和并发症差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。2D组有1例患者出现结石残留,术后2个月行经T管窦道胆道镜取石术后痊愈;3D组无结石残留病例。随访2~18个月,两组患者均无结石复发。结论 3D腹腔镜技术使胆道手术更精准、微创,有着广阔的应用前景。

Human podocyte injury in the early course of hypertensive renal injury

BACKGROUND Hypertension is prevalent in the general population and is regarded as the second leading cause of renal damage and dysfunction,outnumbered only by diabetes.However,the mechanisms remain unclear.AIM To investigate podocyte injury induced by hypertension in the early course without massive proteinuria or renal dysfunction.METHODS The hypertension group comprised 18 patients with hypertension accompanied by microalbuminuria,diagnosed with hypertensive renal injury according to biopsy results.For a comparison of pathological changes in renal tissue,control group 1 comprised 10 healthy volunteers,and control group 2 comprised 16 patients who underwent surgery for renal trauma.RESULTS The hypertension group had significantly higher blood pressure(P=0.000)and microalbuminuria(P=0.000)compared with control group 1.In the hypertension group,urinary podocytes were detected following positive staining of podocytespecific nephrin and/or CD2-associated protein(CD2AP)in urine sediment.Podocyte foot process fusion and a significant decrease in nephrin and/or CD2AP expression in glomeruli were observed in the hypertension group compared with control group 2.This indicated that hypertension caused podocyte injury and detachment from the glomerular basement membrane,which was consistent with urinary detection of podocytes.CONCLUSION Our results suggest that podocyturia appears early in the course of hypertensive renal injury,and may be a sensitive marker for early prediction of hypertensive renal injury.

Nitrogen doped FeS_(2) nanoparticles for efficient and stable hydrogen evolution reaction

Performance breakthrough of electrocatalysts highly relies on the regulation of internal structures and electronic states.In present work,for the first time,we successfully synthesized nitrogen doped FeS_(2) nanoparticles(N-FeS_(2))as the electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).The band structure and electronic state of FeS_(2) are modulated by a nitrogen doping strategy,as confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),X-ray absorption spectroscopy(XAS)and density functional theory(DFT)calculations.Owing to the band structure and electronic state regulation as well as the weakening of H-S interaction,the designed N-FeS_(2) electrocatalyst exhibits superior catalytic performance with a low overpotential(~126 mV at 10 mA cm^(-2))and excellent activity stability under alkaline conditions,which is substantially improved as compared with that of the pure FeS_(2) counterpart.Our work demonstrates that the modulation of electron state and band structure of an electrocatalyst,which can provide a valuable guidance for designing excellent catalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction and beyond.

A novel prognostic target-gene signature and nomogram based on an integrated bioinformatics analysis in hepatocellular carcinoma

There is currently no effective solution to the problem of poor prognosis and recurrence of HCC.The technology of immunotherapy and prognosis of genetic material has made continuous progress in recent years.In the study,a 5-gene signature was established for the prognosis of HCC through biological information,and the immune infiltration of HCC patients was studied.After studied HCC patients’immune infiltration,the paper screened the differential target genes of miR-126-3p in HCC downloaded from TCGA database,and uses WGCNA method to select the modular genes highly relevant to M2 macrophage.Then we use LASSO and COX regression analysis technology to establish the 5-gene signature.The nomogram is established by combining the prognostic score and clinical phenotype.Cibersort was empolyed to observe the immune infiltration in HCC patients.We revealed the biological pathways of HCC-related genes through GSEA and Metascape.The bioinformatics analysis of 2495 differential target genes finally constructed a 5-gene signature with a reliable prognostic ability(CDCA8,SLC41A3,PPM1G,TCOF1,GRPEL2).The combination of prognostic score and AJCC_Stage resulted in a more reliable prognosis ability.At the same time,10 immune cells that are differentially expressed in HCC patients were also found.8 GSEA pathways related to the prognosis were found.In the study,a reliable 5-gene signature was established based on the differential target gene of miR-126-3p to study the immune infiltration in HCC patients.It provides help for HCC-related prognosis research and immunotherapy.

Research on the development of resource of zinc leaching residue process and the implementation of the environment friendly system

In this paper, we conduct research on the development trend of Zinc leaching residue and the construction of environment friendly system. To further strengthen concentration degree of the chemical industry, improve the production efficiency and utilization rate of emissions, realize the comprehensive utilization of energy development and the green development. In China＇ s zinc smelting industry, the use of most of the zinc smelting raw materials contain a small amount of the cobalt, zinc in the process of leaching into the zinc sulfate solution, as a harmful effect of the zinc impurities. For zinc sulfate leaching solution cobalt purification, most of the factories are using zinc powder replacement purification method, the output of the purification of zinc slag in the vast majority of zinc with small part of cadmium and a small amount of nickel, cobalt, copper, manganese and so on. This paper proposes the novel systematic method of the Zinc leaching residue re-use that will promote the further development of the green industry.

Accelerating water dissociation kinetics of Ni3N by tuning interfacial orbital coupling

The high unoccupied d band energy of Ni_(3)N basically results in weak orbital coupling with water molecule,consequently leading to slow water dissociation kinetics.Herein,we demonstrate Cr doping can downshift the unoccupied d orbitals and strengthen the interfacial orbital coupling to boost the water dissociation kinetics.The prepared Cr-Ni_(3)N/Ni displays an impressive overpotential of 37 mV at 10 mA·cmgeo-2,close to the benchmark Pt/C in 1.0 M KOH solution.Refined structural analysis reveals the Cr dopant exists as the Cr-N_(6)states and the average d band energy of Ni_(3)N is also lowered.Density functional theory calculation further confirms the downshifted d band energy can strengthen the orbital coupling between the unpaired electrons in O 2p and the unoccupied state of Ni 3d,which thus facilitates the water adsorption and dissociation.The work provides a new concept to achieve on-demand functions for hydrogen evolution catalysis and beyond,by regulating the interfacial orbital coupling.

Role of eIF4E on epithelial-mesenchymal transition,invasion,and chemoresistance of prostate cancer cells

Dear Editor,Prostate cancer(PCa)is the most common cancer and second leading cause of cancer death for men in the United States[1].PCa with similar Gleason score has been reported to show substantial interpatient heterogeneity and differential prostate cancer-specific mortality rate[2].Such heterogeneity in PCa often results in different therapeutic responses among patients,including therapy resistance,therapeutic failure,relapse,and metastasis[3].Numerous oncogenes,such as eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E(eIF4E),have been reported to be involved in epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)and/or drug resistance in PCa[4].We previously demonstrated that eIF4E overexpression was involved in chemoresistance of triple-negative breast cancer and silencing eIF4E significantly inhibited cancer cell proliferation and sensitized cancer cells to chemotherapy in a patient-derived xenograft mouse model[5].In addition,eIF4E phosphorylation is known to stimulate the translation of matrix metalloproteinase 3(MMP3)and Snail mRNAs to promote EMT in PCa[6].Furthermore,the complexity and dynamic nature of EMT contributes to the heterogeneity of aggressive cancer cells[7].The precise role of eIF4E in EMT,invasion,and chemoresistance in PCa is still to be established with consideration of different subpopulations in order to develop precision medicine for PCa.In this work,we aimed to explore the role of eIF4E in EMT,invasion,and chemoresistance in PCa for establishing a promising new therapeutic strategy by regulating eIF4E expression using(1-aminoethyl)iminobis[Noleicylcysteinyl-1-aminoethyl)propionamide](ECO)/small interfering RNA(siRNA)nanoparticles previously developed in our lab[8-10]for PCa therapy in the context of tumor heterogeneity.

Orbital-regulated interfacial electronic coupling endows Ni3N with superior catalytic surface for hydrogen evolution reaction

The interstitial structure and weak Ni-N interaction of Ni3N lead to high unoccupied d orbital energy and unsuitable orbital orientation,which consequently results in weak orbital coupling with H2O and slow water dissociation kinetics for alkaline hydrogen evolution catalysis.Herein,we successfully lower the unoccupied d orbital energy of Ni3N to strengthen the interfacial electronic coupling by employing the strong electron pulling capability of oxygen dopants.The prepared O-Ni3N catalyst delivers an overpotential of 55 mV at 10 mA cm−2,very close to the commercial Pt/C.Refined structural characterization indicates the oxygen incorporation can decrease the electron densities around the Ni sites.Moreover,density functional theory calculation further proves the oxygen incorporation can create more unoccupied orbitals with lower energy and superior orientation for water adsorption and dissociation.The concept of orbital-regulated interfacial electronic coupling could offer a unique approach for the rational design of hydrogen evolution catalysts and beyond.

Identification of EGF as an Important Regulator for Promoting CYP3A4 Expression in Human Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Hepatocytes Using TALEN-Based Gene Targeting

Functional human hepatocytes are one of the most significant tools for studying drug absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion/toxicity （ADME/Tox）, especially for applications in preclinical drug development （Sahi et al., 2010; Godoy et al., 2013）. They provide the closest in vitro model to the human liver and the only model that mimics the drug metabolic profiles found in vivo. However, these cells lose their metabolic function rapidly and dramatically during the in vitro culture process, which largely hinders their wider application in drug development （Sahi et al., 2010; Godoy et al., 2013）. To overcome this obstacle, it is important to regulate the activities of key genes which are responsible for the detoxification metabolic function of human hepatocytes.

Intelligent deformation of biomedical polyurethane

Polyurethane is a general term for a class of polymerscontaining a carbamate group(-NHCOO-)in its mainchain structure,including thermoplastic elastomers,flexi-ble and rigid foams,and other species[1-2].The existenceof thermodynamically incompatible soft segments and hardsegments in the structure of polyurethane can causemicrophase separation,which gives polyurethane somesuperior characteristics.Its performance can be adjusted byredesigning the proportion and the structure of soft andhard segments[3-5].