Exploring the relationship between red blood cell levels and emotional regulation through the miR191-Riok3-Mxi1 pathway

Objective:To assess emotional fluctuations,physical and mental health status,and indicators closely related to red blood cells,such as RIO kinase 3(Riok3),MAX interactor 1(Mxi1),and microRNA 191(miR191),in participants with different levels of red blood cells.Methods:Participants who underwent physical examinations at Dongfang Hospital between April and October 2019 were divided into healthy,blood deficiency,and anemia groups(30 individuals in the healthy and blood deficiency group respectively,and 13 in the anemia group).The physical and mental conditions of the participants were evaluated through questionnaires,and emotional fluctuations were assessed through an emotion-inducing experiment,in which participants watched video segments designed to induce specific emotions.Relative expression levels of miR191,Riok3,and Mxi1 from venous blood samples were also determined.Results:The main psychological factors identified in the anemia and blood deficiency groups were obsessive-compulsive symptoms,depression,anxiety,and other negative emotions.Relative gene expression levels indicated that miR191 was upregulated and Riok3 and Mxi1 were downregulated in both the blood deficiency and anemia groups.Regarding the emotional score of disgust on video stage,the main effect was significant(F=335.58,P<.001),which showed that watching the three videos caused participants to have a dominant emotion,and there is a difference on group(F=5.35,P=.01),with higher disgust scores in the anemia and blood deficiency groups.The symptoms of blood deficiency and anemia,such as weakness in limbs were significantly negatively correlated with Riok3 and Mxi1 expression(r=-0.38 and-0.31 respectively),but was significantly positively correlated with miR191 expression(r=0.29).Conclusion:We determined that a close relationship exists between red blood cell levels and emotional status.Our findings suggest that individuals with anemia and blood deficiency are more likely to experience psychological problems and negative emotions,particularly disgust.We also demonstrate that emotional regulation is related to mir191-Riok3-Mxi1 pathway activity,identifying these pathway components are potential targets for genetic therapies in combination with psychological therapy.

Altered microRNA expression profiles in a rat model of spina bifida

Micro RNAs（mi RNAs） are dynamically regulated during neurodevelopment,yet few reports have examined their role in spina bifida.In this study,we used an established fetal rat model of spina bifida induced by intragastrically administering olive oil-containing all-trans retinoic acid to dams on day 10 of pregnancy.Dams that received intragastric administration of all-trans retinoic acid-free olive oil served as controls.The mi RNA expression profile in the amniotic fluid of rats at 20 days of pregnancy was analyzed using an mi RNA microarray assay.Compared with that in control fetuses,the expression of mi RNA-9,mi RNA-124 a,and mi RNA-138 was significantly decreased（〉 2-fold）,whereas the expression of mi RNA-134 was significantly increased（〉 4-fold） in the amniotic fluid of rats with fetuses modeling spina bifida.These results were validated using real-time quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction.Hierarchical clustering analysis of the microarray data showed that these differentially expressed mi RNAs could distinguish fetuses modeling spina bifida from control fetuses.Our bioinformatics analysis suggested that these differentially expressed mi RNAs were associated with many cytological pathways,including a nervous system development signaling pathway.These findings indicate that further studies are warranted examining the role of mi RNAs through their regulation of a variety of cell functional pathways in the pathogenesis of spina bifida.Such studies may provide novel targets for the early diagnosis and treatment of spina bifida.

Coseismic surface rupture characteristics and earthquake damage analysis of the eastern end of the 2021 M_(S)7.4 Madoi(Qinghai)earthquake

At 02:04 on May 22,2021,an M_(S)7.4 earthquake occurred in Madoi County in Qinghai Province,China.This earthquake is the largest seismic event in China since the 2008M_(S) 8.0 Wenchuan earthquake.Thus,it is critical to investigate surface deformation and damage in time to accurately understand the seismogenic structure of the Madoi earthquake and the seismogenic capacity of the blocks in this region.This study focuses on the Xuema Village,located at the eastern end of the coseismic surface ruptures produced by the event,and assesses the deformation and seismic damage in this area based on field surveys,UAV photogrammetry,and ground penetrating radar(GPR).The results indicate that the rupture scale is substantially smaller at the eastern end of the rupture zone compared to other segments.En echelon type shear tensile fractures are concentrated in a width range of 50–100 m,and the width of single fractures ranges from 20 to 30 cm.In contrast,the degree of seismic damage significantly increases at this site.All of the brick and timber houses are damaged or collapsed,while the steel frame structures and the color steel houses are slightly damaged.More than 80%of the bridge decks on the Changma River Bridge collapse,similar to the terraces along the Youerqu and Changma Rivers and the cut slopes of Provincial Highway S205.We infer that the seismogenic fault of the Madoi earthquake exerts a tail effect in this segment.The tension zone has led to a reduction at the eastern end of the rupture zone,causing shaking damage.Local topography and buildings without earthquake-resistant construction along the strike of the rupture zone have undergone different levels of seismic damage.

Nutritional status and prognostic factors for mortality in patients admitted to emergency department observation units:a national multi-center study in China

BACKGROUND:Nutritional risk is common among patients admitted to the emergency department and is associated with adverse clinical outcomes.Despite its large population,few comprehensive studies have been conducted in China concerning the nutritional status of patients admitted to emergency department observation units(EDOUs).METHODS:Patients admitted to EDOUs of 90 tertiary hospitals in China between June 2020 and December 2020 were enrolled.Demographic information,laboratory parameters,nutritional support therapies,and 28-day mortality were recorded.Risk factors for mortality were examined using multi-variateadjusted logistic regression analysis.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves for each predictor of mortality were plotted,and the area under the ROC(AUROC)curves was compared.RESULTS:A total of 2,005 eligible patients were finally enrolled.At the 28-day follow-up,1,911 patients survived,and 94 died.The group with a Nutritional Risk Screening 2002(NRS 2002)score of 3-4 points was the largest(52.01%).The number of patients receiving oral nutritional supplements,enteral nutrition(EN),parenteral nutrition(PN),and the combination of EN and PN was 425,314,853,and 413,respectively.Among the total,77.55%of patients had nutritional risk(NRS 2002≥3).The proportion of patients with high nutritional risk(NRS2002≥5)in the age group>80 years was significantly higher than that in the age group 66-80 years(29.00%vs.23.93%,P=0.032),but not significantly higher than that in the age group 18-65 years(29.00%vs.26.54%,P=0.449).Logistic regression analysis revealed that heart failure(odds ratio[OR]1.856,95%confidence interval[CI]1.087-3.167,P=0.023),consciousness(OR 2.967,95%CI 1.894-4.648,P<0.001),Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II(APACHE II)score(OR 1.037,95%CI 1.017-1.058,P<0.001),NRS 2002 score(OR 1.286,95%CI 1.115-1.483,P=0.001),and Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form score(OR 0.946,95%CI 0.898-0.997,P=0.039)were all independent risk factors for 28-day mortality.APACHE II and NRS 2002 scores were superior to other predictors according to the comparison of AUROC.CONCLUSIONS:Nutritional risk is prevalent among older patients in EDOUs in China.APACHE II and NRS 2002 scores are important risk factors for mortality in patients admitted to the EDOU.Timely and appropriate nutritional screening and support measures are critical to reduce patients’length of hospital stay and mortality.

mTORC1 signaling pathway regulates tooth repair

Tooth germ injury can lead to abnormal tooth development and even tooth loss,affecting various aspects of the stomatognathic system including form,function,and appearance.However,the research about tooth germ injury model on cellular and molecule mechanism of tooth germ repair is still very limited.Therefore,it is of great importance for the prevention and treatment of tooth germ injury to study the important mechanism of tooth germ repair by a tooth germ injury model.Here,we constructed a Tg(dlx2b:Dendra2-NTR)transgenic line that labeled tooth germ specifically.Taking advantage of the NTR/Mtz system,the dlx2b+tooth germ cells were depleted by Mtz effectively.The process of tooth germ repair was evaluated by antibody staining,in situ hybridization,Ed U staining and alizarin red staining.The severely injured tooth germ was repaired in several days after Mtz treatment was stopped.In the early stage of tooth germ repair,the expression of phosphorylated 4E-BP1 was increased,indicating that mTORC1 is activated.Inhibition of mTORC1 signaling in vitro or knockdown of mTORC1 signaling in vivo could inhibit the repair of injured tooth germ.Normally,mouse incisors were repaired after damage,but inhibition/promotion of mTORC1 signaling inhibited/promoted this repair progress.Overall,we are the first to construct a stable and repeatable repair model of severe tooth germ injury,and our results reveal that mTORC1 signaling plays a crucial role during tooth germ repair,providing a potential target for clinical treatment of tooth germ injury.

介孔氧化镍纳米片负载Pt纳米粒子电催化合成氨

由于NiO成本低且3d轨道具有可调谐的八电子结构,被公认为是温和条件下电化学氮还原反应(NRR)的有效电催化剂之一.然而,由于过渡金属氧化物电催化剂的电导率相对较低,阻碍了其在该领域的应用.贵金属具有良好的电导率,通常可用于构建异质材料,利用协同作用,来提高载体材料的电导率并改善电催化性能.因此,在氧化镍上嵌入或掺杂具有催化性能的高导电金属是获得高性能NRR电催化剂的一种有效方法.在早期的研究中,由于贵金属基催化剂(Au,Pd和Ru)导电性好,一般都具有较好的电化学NRR活性.值得注意的是,尽管Pt在其它电催化过程中表现出优异的电催化活性,但很少有关于NRR的Pt基电催化剂的报道.这主要是因为Pt基电催化剂具有较强的催化析氢反应活性.因此,研究Pt基NRR电催化剂的结构,以构建高效的Pt基NRR催化剂,是一个有意义且具有挑战性的研究课题.迄今为止,关于Pt/NiO复合材料对NRR催化活性的研究报道较少.基于此,本文使用纯的氧化镍纳米片作为载体来负载不同含量的Pt纳米粒子,利用Pt的高导电性与NiO的可调谐电子特性的协同作用来提高NRR活性.本文通过简单的还原法成功合成了Pt/NiO-NSs,采用透射电镜、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、密度泛函理论(DFT)计算、紫外可见光谱等表征手段研究了不同Pt负载量对NRR活性的影响.与纯NiO相比,用少量铂纳米粒子(3~10 nm)掺杂氧化镍纳米片(Pt/NiO-NSs)可显著提高纯NiO的法拉第效率(FE)和氨产率,打破了商用Pt基电催化剂几乎没有NRR潜力的普遍观点.电催化实验结果表明,在‒0.2 V vs RHE的0.1 mol/L Na_(2)SO_(4)溶液中,样品Pt/NiO-2表现出20.59μg h^(‒1)mg^(‒1)cat.的氨产率和15.56%的FE,分别是相同外加电位下纯NiO纳米片的5倍(3.79μg h^(‒1)mg^(‒1)cat)和3倍(5.97%)左右.XPS分析结果表明,Pt/NiO-NSs中Pt的价态为Pt0,Pt^(2+)和Pt^(4+),其中Pt/NiO-2具有较高含量的高氧化态Pt物种,从而有利于N2化学吸附和活化.DFT结果表明,与纯Pt相比,负载在NiO基底上的Pt纳米粒子的d带电子更接近费米能级,为NRR提供了更有利的电子结构.该研究表明,当Pt负载在合适的基底上时,可成为有效的NRR电化学催化剂.综上,本文为制备高NRR活性的Pt基电催化剂提供了一种新的策略.

GeoPyTool:A cross-platform software solution for common geological calculations and plots

GeoPyTool is an open source application developed for geological calculations and plots,such as geochemical classification,parameter calculation,basic statistical analysis and diagrams for structural geology.More than acting as a link from raw data stored in Microsoft Excel■(MS Excel)files to vector graphic files,GeoPyTool includes recently developed routines that have not been included in previous software,such as the calculation of the Ce(Ⅳ)/Ce(Ⅲ)ratio for zircons as a method to examine the temporal evolution of oxygen fugacity in the magmatic source for igneous rocks,and the temperature calculator with titanium in zircon and zirconium in rutile.Besides these routines,GeoPyTool also allows users to load any figure from articles or books as a base map.As a Python-based crossplatform program,GeoPyTool works on Windows?,MacOS X?and GNU/Linux.GeoPyTool can do the whole process from data to results without the dependence of Microsoft Excel?,CorelDraw?and other similar software.It takes Excel?XLSX and CSV(Comma Separated Value)as the formats of both the input data source files and the output calculation results files.The figures generated by GeoPyTool can be saved as portable network graphics(PNG),scalable vector graphics(SVG)or portable document format(PDF).Another highlight of GeoPyTool is the multilingual support,the official versio n of GeoPyTool supports both Chinese and English,and additional languages can be loaded through interface files.GeoPyTool is still in the development stage and will be expanded with further geochemical and structural geology routines.As an open source project,all source code of GeoPyTool are accessible on Github(https://github.com/GeoPyTool/GeoPyTool).Users with Python experience can join in the development team and build more complex functions expanding the capabilities of GeoPyTool.

Evolution of the magmatic–hydrothermal system and formation of the giant Zhuxi W–Cu deposit in South China

The Zhuxi deposit is a recently discovered W–Cu deposit located in the Jiangnan porphyry–skarn W belt in South China. The deposit has a resource of 3.44 million tonnes of WO3, making it the largest on Earth,however its origin and the evolution of its magmatic–hydrothermal system remain unclear, largely because alteration–mineralization types in this giant deposit have been less well-studied, apart from a study of the calcic skarn orebodies. The different types of mineralization can be classified into magnesian skarn, calcic skarn, and scheelite–quartz–muscovite(SQM) vein types. Field investigations and mineralogical analyses show that the magnesian skarn hosted by dolomitic limestone is characterized by garnet of the grossular–pyralspite(pyrope, almandine, and spessartine) series, diopside, serpentine,and Mg-rich chlorite. The calcic skarn hosted by limestone is characterized by garnet of the grossular–andradite series, hedenbergite, wollastonite, epidote, and Fe-rich chlorite. The SQM veins host highgrade W–Cu mineralization and have overprinted the magnesian and calcic skarn orebodies. Scheelite is intergrown with hydrous silicates in the retrograde skarn, or occurs with quartz, chalcopyrite, sulfide minerals, fluorite, and muscovite in the SQM veins.Fluid inclusion investigations of the gangue and ore minerals revealed the evolution of the ore-forming fluids, which involved:(1) melt and coexisting high–moderate-salinity, high-temperature, high-pressure(>450 ℃and >1.68 kbar), methane-bearing aqueous fluids that were trapped in prograde skarn minerals;(2) moderate–low-salinity, moderate-temperature, moderate-pressure(~210–300 ℃and ~0.64 kbar),methane-rich aqueous fluids that formed the retrograde skarn-type W orebodies;(3) low-salinity,moderate–low-temperature, moderate-pressure(~150–240 ℃and ~0.56 kbar), methane-rich aqueous fluids that formed the quartz–sulfide Cu(–W) orebodies in skarn;(4) moderate–low-salinity,moderate-temperature, low-pressure(~150–250 ℃and ~0.34 kbar) alkanes-dominated aqueous fluids in the SQM vein stage, which led to the formation of high-grade W–Cu orebodies. The S–Pb isotopic compositions of the sulfides suggest that the ore-forming materials were mainly derived from magma generated by crustal anatexis, with minor addition of a mantle component. The H–O isotopic compositions of quartz and scheelite indicate that the ore-forming fluids originated mainly from magmatic water with later addition of meteoric water. The C–O isotopic compositions of calcite indicate that the ore-forming fluid was originally derived from granitic magma, and then mixed with reduced fluid exsolved from local carbonate strata. Depressurization and resultant fluid boiling were key to precipitation of W in the retrograde skarn stage. Mixing of residual fluid with meteoric water led to a decrease in fluid salinity and Cu(–W) mineralization in the quartz–sulfide stage in skarn. The high-grade W–Cu mineralization in the SQM veins formed by multiple mechanisms, including fracturing, and fluid immiscibility, boiling, and mixing.

Intelligent logistics system of steel bar warehouse based on ubiquitous information

Internet of Things and artificial intelligence technology are the key elements of the intelligent construction of iron and steel production warehouse. This paper puts forward a whole set of intelligent scheme for bar warehouse crane for the guidance of metallurgical process engineering, including cluster rapid self-awareness technology of the smart crane, precise self-executing technique of crane with rigid-flexible hybrid structure, multi-body system kinematics model of the smart crane sling and the swing characteristics model at different azimuth, antiswing control technology based on the optimization objective function, the vehicle model recognition system based on lidar, and the clustering crane dynamic scheduling method based on multi-agent reinforcement learning. The complete intelligent logistics system of the bar warehouse has changed the original operation mode of the warehouse area and realized the unmanned operation and intelligent scheduling of the crane,which is of great significance for improving the production efficiency, reducing the production cost, and improving the product quality.

Constructing the latest Neoproterozoic to Early Paleozoic multiple crust-mantle interactions in western Bainaimiao arc terrane,southeastern Central Asian Orogenic Belt

Identifying the crust-mantle interactions in association with the evolution of the Precambrian microcontinents provides critical constraints on the accretionary evolution in the Central Asian Orogenic Belt(CAOB).The Bainaimiao arc terrane(BAT)is one of the most important Precambrian microcontinents in southeastern CAOB,however,few studies have paid attention to the types and the evolving processes of the crust-mantle interactions that occurred before its final accretion onto the northern North China Craton.This study presents an integrated study of geochronology,zircon Hf isotope and whole-rock geochemistry on the latest Neoproterozoic diabases and the Early Paleozoic arc intrusions in the western BAT.The latest Neoproterozoic(ca.546 Ma)diabases display low SiO2(46.52-49.24 wt.%)with high MgO(8.23-14.41 wt.%),Cr(66-542 ppm)and Ni(50-129 ppm),consisting with mantle origin.Their highly negative zirconεHf(t)(-12.0 to-24.7)and high Fe/Mn ratios(62.1-81.7)further indicate a significantly enriched mantle source.Considering that the BAT maybe initially separated from the Tarim Craton with a thickened crustal root,we propose that these diabases were generated through partial melting of an enriched lithospheric mantle source that had been hybridized by lower-crustal eclogites during foundering of the BAT lower crust.The Early Paleozoic(ca.475-417 Ma)arc intrusions in western BAT can be divided into PeriodsⅠandⅡat approximately 450 Ma.The PeriodⅠ(>450 Ma)intrusions contain abundant mafic minerals like hornblende and pyroxene,and show positive zirconεHf(t)(+1.5 to+10.9).They are predominantly medium-K calc-alkaline with broad correlations of SiO2 versus various major and trace elements,which correlate well with the experimental melts produced by the fractional crystallization of primitive hydrous arc magmas at 7 kbar.We assume they were formed through mid-crustal differentiation of the mantle wedge-derived hydrous basaltic melts.By contrast,the PeriodⅡ(≤450 Ma)intrusions are characterized by variable zircon eHf(t)(-15.0 to+11.5)with irregular variations in most major and trace elements,which are more akin to the arc magmas generated in an open system.The general occurrence of elder inherited zircons,along with the relatively high Mg#(>45)of some samples,call upon a derivation from the reworking of the previously subduction-modified BAT lower crust with the input of mantle-derived mafic components.In combination with the Early Paleozoic tectonic melanges flanking western BAT,we infer that the compositional transition from PeriodⅠtoⅡcan be attributed to the tectonic transition from south-dipping subduction of Solonker ocean to north-dipping subduction of South Bainaimiao ocean in southeastern CAOB.The above results shed light not only on the latest Neoproterozoic to Early Paleozoic multiple crust-mantle interactions in western BAT,but also on the associated crustal construction processes before the final arc-continent accretion.

直立伸臂试验在早期识别伴中央颞区棘波的儿童良性癫癎变异型中的作用

目的:探讨直立伸臂试验在早期识别伴中央颞区棘波的儿童良性癫癎变异型中的作用,并分析其神经电生理特征。方法:选择我院2015年1月至2017年12月伴中央颞区棘波的儿童良性癫癎(BECT)患儿591例,在VEEG监测下行直立伸臂试验,同时监测双侧三角肌表面肌电图(EMG),观察其神经电生理特征。结果:591例患儿中有31例在直立伸臂试验中监测到负性肌阵挛发作,其中3例为首诊。结论:儿童良性癫癎患儿通过直立伸臂试验,能早期识别负性肌阵挛发作,对患儿病情的进展起到早期发现、早期干预的效果。

Late Paleozoic to Mesozoic extension in southwestern Fujian Province, South China： Geochemical, geochronological and Hf isotopic constraints from basic-intermediate dykes

The tectonic evolution of SE China block since late Paleozoic remains debated. Here we present a new set of zircon U-Pb geochronological, Lu-Hf isotopic data and whole-rock geochemistry for two stages of basicintermediate dykes from the southwestern Fujian. The samples were collected from the NE-trending （mainly diabases） and NW-trending （mainly diabasic diorites） dykes and yielded zircon U-Pb ages of 315 and 141 Ma, with eHf（t） values of -8.90 to 7.49 and -23.39 to -7.15 （corresponding to TDM2 values of 850 to 1890 Ma and 737 to 2670 Ma）, respectively. Geochemically these rocks are characterized by low TiO2 （0.91-1.73 wt.%） and MgO （3.04-7.96 wt.%）, and high A1203 （12.5-16.60 wt.%） and K20 （0.60-3.63 wt.%）. Further they are enriched in LREEs and LILEs （Rb, Ba, Th and K）, but depleted in HFSEs （Nb, Ta and Zr）. The tectonic discrimination analysis revealed that the dykes were formed in an intraplate extensional envi- ronment. However, the NW trending dykes show crust-mantle mixed composition, which indicate an extensional tectonic setting with evidence for crustal contamination. The SE China block experienced two main stages of extensional tectonics from late Carboniferous to early Cretaceous. The tectonic evolution of the SE China block from late Devonian to Cretaceous is also evaluated.

Geology and mineralization of the supergiant Shimensi granitic-type W-Cu-Mo deposit(1.168 Mt)in northern Jiangxi,South China:A Review

The Shimensi deposit is a recently discovered W-Cu-Mo polymetallic deposit located in the Jiangnan porphyry-skarn W belt in South China.The deposit has a resource of 0.74×10^(6)t of WO_(3)accompanied by 0.4×10^(6)t Cu and 28000 t Mo and other useful components like Ga,making it one of the largest W deposits in the world.This paper is aimed to reveal the ore-controlling mechanisms of the Shimensi deposit,involving the role of the ore-related granites,the tectonic background for its formation,and the metallogenesis model.The systematic geological survey suggests multi-types of alteration are developed in the deposit,mainly including greisenization,potassic-alteration,sericitization,chloritization,and silicification.Drilling engineering data and mining works indicate that the Shimensi deposit consists of two main orebodies of I and II.Therein,the W resource has reached a supergiant scale,and the accompanied Cu,Mo,Au,Bi,Ga,and some other useful components are also of economic significance.The main ore-minerals consist of scheelite,wolframite and chalcopyrite.Disseminated mineralization is the dominant type of the W-Cu-Mo polymetallic orebodies,and mainly distributes in the inner and external contact zone that between the Neoproterozoic biotite granodiorite and the Yanshanian granites.The main orebody occurs at the external contact zone,and the pegmatoid crust near the inner contact zone is an important prospecting marker of the W mineralization.Of them,the disseminated W ores within the wall rock of the Neoproterozoic biotite granodiorite is a new mineralization type identified in this paper.Combining previous geochronological and isotopic data,we propose that the mineralization of the Shimensi deposit is closely related to the intruding of the Yanshanian porphyritic biotite granite and granite porphyry.Geochemical data suggest that the biotite granodiorite is rich in Ca and had provided a large amount of Ca for the precipitation of scheelite in this area.Thus,it is a favorable wall rock type for W mineralization.The Shimensi deposit belongs to granitic-type W polymetallic deposit related to post-magmatic hydrothermal,and the ore-forming fluid was initially derived from the Yanshanian magmas.

Numerical simulation of carbon arc discharge for graphene synthesis without catalyst

In this study, graphene sheets are prepared under a hydrogen atmosphere without a catalyst, and the growth mechanism of graphene by direct current arc discharge is investigated experimentally and numerically. The size and layer numbers of graphene sheets increase with the arc current.Distributions of temperature, velocity, and mass fraction of carbon are obtained through numerical simulations. A high current corresponds to a high saturation temperature, evaporation rate, and mass density of carbon clusters. When the carbon vapor is saturated, the saturation temperatures are 3274.9, 3313.9, and 3363.6 K, and the mass densities are 6.4×1022,8.42×1022, and 1.23×1023 m-3 under currents of 150, 200, and 250 A, respectively. A hydrogen-induced marginal growth model is used to explain the growth mechanism. Under a high current, the condensation coefficient and van der Waals force increase owing to the higher saturation temperature and mass density of carbon clusters, which is consistent with experimental results.

Genesis of Makeng-type Fe-polymetallic deposits in SE China:New constraints by geochronological and isotopic data from the Dapai–Makeng metallogenic system

The southwestern Fujian depression belt(SFDB)is an economically important Mesozoic Fe metallogenic belt in South China and is renowned for its Makeng-type Fe deposits,in which stratified skarn Fe orebodies generally occur in or near the contact zone between late Paleozoic carbonate sequences and Mesozoic granites.However,the genesis and geodynamic setting of these deposits remain unclear because the characteristics of the widely distributed Pb–Zn–Cu and Mo orebodies in these deposits and the temporal,spatial,and genetic relationships between magmatism and mineralization are poorly defined.The Dapai Fe polymetallic deposit in the SFDB is a typical example of Makeng-type Fe deposits but also has regional significance,whereby the stratified skarn Fe orebodies have overprinted the stratabound Pb–Zn–Cu mineralization followed by final fissure-filling by vein-disseminated Mo mineralization.A detailed geological investigation suggests that episodic magmatic–hydrothermal events were involved in the formation process of the Dapai Fe polymetallic deposit.Pyrite and sphalerite from the Pb–Zn–Cu orebodies yield an Rb–Sr isochron age of 175.5±3.3 Ma,which is regarded as the timing of Pb–Zn–Cu mineralization.Zircon grains from Fe-mineralized granodiorite porphyry and Mo-mineralized monzogranite yield weighted-mean 206Pb/238U ages of 146.3±0.9 Ma and 131.7±0.4 Ma,interpreted as the timings of Fe and Mo mineralization,respectively.Six zircons from granodiorite also yield a 206Pb/238U model age cluster of184 Ma,which coincides reasonably with the timing of Pb–Zn–Cu mineralization and implies the existence of an unidentified ore-related intrusion in the Dapai deposit.Five further zircons from the porphyritic granodiorite yield an age cluster of-150 Ma,consistent with the timing of Fe mineralization.Galena,pyrite,and sphalerite from the Dapai and Makeng deposits have similar S–Pb isotopic compositions and suggest a magmatic source.Combining our results with published isotopic data for the SFDB,we suggest that the Pb–Zn–Cu mineralization in this area was derived from crustal magmas that mixed with mantle-derived magma prior to emplacement.The d56Fe and d57Fe values of magnetite from Dapai and Makeng are both slightly lower than those of the orerelated granites,suggesting that Fe in the initial fluid in both deposits was derived mainly from coeval granitic rocks.The Fe isotopic variation between intrusions and skarn Fe orebodies is interpreted as resulting from mass fractionation that occurred during fluid exsolution from melt.Contents of Re in molybdenite from published data for the SFDB indicate crust–mantle mixed sources of Mo and Re.The Makeng-type Fe polymetallic deposits formed as a result of three magmatic–hydrothermal episodes,generating Pb–Zn–Cu mineralization at 185–160 Ma,Fe–Mo mineralization at 150–140 Ma,and Mo–Fe mineralization at 135–130 Ma.The different metal associations formed during multiple stages of magmatism caused by ongoing subduction and rollback and/or retreat of the paleo-Pacific Plate.

Antagonistic MADS-box transcription factors SEEDSTICK and SEPALLATA3 form a transcriptional regulatory network that regulates seed oil accumulation

Transcriptional regulation is essential for balancing multiple metabolic pathways that influence oil accumulation in seeds.Thus far,the transcriptional regulatory mechanisms that govern seed oil accumulation remain largely unknown.Here,we identified the transcriptional regulatory network composed of MADS-box transcription factors SEEDSTICK(STK)and SEPALLATA3(SEP3),which bridges several key genes to regulate oil accumulation in seeds.We found that STK,highly expressed in the developing embryo,positively regulates seed oil accumulation in Arabidopsis(Arabidopsis thaliana).Furthermore,we discovered that SEP3 physically interacts with STK in vivo and in vitro.Seed oil content is increased by the SEP3 mutation,while it is decreased by SEP3 overexpression.The chromatin immunoprecipitation,electrophoretic mobility shift assay,and transient dual-luciferase reporter assays showed that STK positively regulates seed oil accumulation by directly repressing the expression of MYB5,SEP3,and SEED FATTY ACID REDUCER 4(SFAR4).Moreover,genetic and molecular analyses demonstrated that STK and SEP3 antagonistically regulate seed oil production and that SEP3 weakens the binding ability of STK to MYB5,SEP3,and SFAR4.Additionally,we demonstrated that TRANSPARENT TESTA 8(TT8)and ACYL-ACYL CARRIER PROTEIN DESATURASE 3(AAD3)are direct targets of MYB5 during seed oil accumulation in Arabidopsis.Together,our findings provide the transcriptional regulatory network antagonistically orchestrated by STK and SEP3,which fine tunes oil accumulation in seeds.

A novel approach to synthesize porous graphene by the transformation and deoxidation of oxygen-containing functional groups

In this study,impurity-free porous graphene(PG) with intrinsic pore structure was synthesized through a facile acid-alkali etching-assisted sonication approach.The pore structure appears on the surface of graphene sheets due to intrinsic defects of graphene.The PG possessed an extremely high specific surface area of 2184 m^2/g,the size of^5 μm and layer numbers of 3-8.Additionally,PG contained micropores and mesopores simultaneously,with an average pore diameter of approximately 3 nm.The effects of acid,alkali,and ultrasound treatment on PG preparation were elucidated by transmission electron microscopy and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.First,in an acidic solution,oxygen-containing functional groups(hydroxyls,carboxyl,and epoxides) were formed due to the hydrolysis of sulfate and continuous transformations of these functional groups on graphene oxide.Second,under the synergistic effects of alkali and ultrasound treatment,PG was obtained due to the loss of carboxyl and epoxide groups.A new route for preparing PG was provided by the proposed method.

全固态钠离子电池及界面改性

全固态钠离子电池具有原料成本低、安全性高以及能量密度高等特点,在移动电源、电动汽车和大规模储能系统领域表现出巨大的应用潜力。然而全固态钠离子电池的发展和规模化应用亟需解决固体电解质室温离子电导率低、界面电荷转移阻抗大、固体电解质与电极界面兼容性和接触差等问题。本文结合近年来全固态钠离子电池相关报道和本课题组研究成果,概述了β-Al2O3型固体电解质、NASICON型固体电解质、硫化物固体电解质、聚合物固体电解质、复合固体电解质的研究进展及发展趋势;综述了全固态钠离子电池界面特性、固体电解质表面修饰、电极/固体电解质界面改性最新研究成果;最后对全固态钠离子电池界面改性策略发展方向进行了展望。本综述有助于加深对全固态钠离子电池界面科学问题的认识,并对固态钠离子电池的发展应用形成理论指导。

钠基-海水电池的发展:“关键部件及挑战”

钠基-海水电池因具有环境友好、能量密度高和海水储量丰富且易得等优势,有望成为新一代储能器件。其原理是以海水为电解液,通过氧化还原反应实现化学能与电能的转换。本文概述了钠基-海水电池的电化学原理、电池结构设计及优化策略;回顾了钠基-海水电池的最新研究进展;最后,讨论了钠基-海水电池性能提升和商业化需要克服的挑战,并展望了该电池未来的发展方向。该论文为钠基-海水电池的发展提供理论指导,进而促进钠基-海水电池为深海能源供应和极端环境能源保障等国家重大需求提供支撑。

碳纳米管/碳纤维跨尺度界面增强体系构建的研究进展

伴随着国防工业、先进装备制造等领域的不断发展,人们对复合材料的应用要求不断提高.碳纤维增强复合材料因其具备高强度、轻量化、长寿命的特点,与该领域材料的使用要求产生了高度适配.但在实际应用过程中,碳纤维惰性表面与聚合物基体间的弱界面结合严重影响了复合材料优异性能的充分发挥.构建微尺度、多维度碳纳米管/碳纤维界面增强体系被认为是提高相间结合能力的有效技术手段.本文综述了化学气相沉积、电泳沉积、化学接枝、浸涂喷涂4种较为成功的构建路线,讨论了碳纳米管在碳纤维表面的差异化微观沉积形貌所对应的不同界面增强机理,探讨了界面增强体系对复合材料综合性能的影响,并对该体系未来的构建和研究方向进行了展望.