盐酸小檗碱对肝星状细胞自噬和凋亡的影响

目的研究盐酸小檗碱对肝星状细胞(HSCs)自噬和凋亡的影响。方法取指数生长期HSCLX2细胞,实验分组:溶剂对照组(1‰DMSO)、盐酸小檗碱5μg/ml组、盐酸小檗碱10μg/ml组和盐酸小檗碱20μg/ml组。盐酸小檗碱干预24 h。流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡、半胱天冬氨酸蛋白酶-3(Caspase-3)阳性细胞荧光强度。通过实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应(qRT-PCR)检测Caspase-3、与Bcl-2相互作用的肌球蛋白样卷曲螺旋蛋白1(Beclin1)、自噬相关基因5(Atg5)、丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白激酶(Akt)和c-Jun氨基末端激酶(JNK)mRNA的表达,Western blotting检测Beclin1、Atg5、Akt、p-Akt、JNK及p-JNK蛋白的表达。结果与溶剂对照组比较,不同盐酸小檗碱浓度干预组HSC-LX2凋亡增加(P<0.05),Caspase-3mRNA表达增加(P<0.05),Caspase-3阳性细胞荧光强度及蛋白活性升高(P<0.05);Beclin1、Atg5 mRNA及蛋白水平下降(P<0.05);Akt、JNK mRNA水平下降(P<0.05),Akt、p-Akt、JNK、p-JNK蛋白水平下降(P<0.05)。结论盐酸小檗碱可能通过抑制Akt信号通路促进凋亡,通过抑制JNK信号传导途径抑制自噬。

Attenuating effect of daidzein on polychlorinated biphenyls-induced oxidative toxicity in mouse testicular cells

The attenuating effect of daidzein (DAI) on oxidative toxicity induced by Aroclor 1254 (A1254) was investigated in mouse testicular cells. Cells were exposed to A1254 alone or with DAI. The oxidative damage was estimated by measuring malondialdehyde (MDA) formation, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and glutathione (GSH) content. Results show that A1254 induced a decrease of germ cell number, an elevation in thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) but a decrease in SOD activity and GSH content. However, simultaneous supplementation with DAI decreased TBARS level and increased SOD activity and GSH content. Consequently, dietary DAI may restore the intracellular antioxidant system to attenuate the oxidative toxicity of A1254 in testicular cells.

CO_(2) corrosion of X80 steel welded joints under micro-turbulence induced by welding reinforcement height

Corrosion failure accidents owing to flow erosion and pipeline corrosion frequently occur during transportation.The welding reinforcement height(WRH)can induce locally micro-turbulent flow field,which aggravates local corrosion of welded joints.A high wall shear stress(WsS)experimental setup was established to conduct the online electrochemical corrosion test.The influence of WRH sizes on local corrosion of welded joints was studied at different flow rates.The electrochemical signals of the local corrosion of X80 welded joints at different flow rates were monitored in real time using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and wire beam microelectrode.In addition,the corrosion products composition and properties were analyzed.The results show that the micro-turbulent flow fields induced by the WRHs can enhance ion mass transfer near the welded joints.The corrosion products on the WRH surface also present different microscopic morphologies at different flow rates.In strong flow fields,the locally enhanced wsS can peel off the dense corrosion product partially,leading to the electrochemical distribution of large cathode and small anode,which accelerates the occurrence and development processes of the local corrosion of welded joints.The scientific guidelines for the corrosion protection of long-distance oil and gas pipelines can be potentially provided.

Combined experimental and simulation study on corrosion behavior of B10 copper-nickel alloy welded joint under local turbulence

The corrosion behavior of B10 copper-nickel alloy welded joints in seawater pipeline system was analyzed under local turbulence induced by weld residual height.The corrosion behavior was evaluated by array electrode technology,mor-phology and elemental characterization,and COMSOL Multiphysics simulation.The results provide a theoretical basis for the corrosion and leakage of B10 alloy in seawater pipeline under the action of turbulence.The results show that residual height-induced turbulence exhibits a significant effect on the corrosion behavior in different areas of welded joints in B10 alloy.Turbulence can damage some surfaces,causing polarity deflection followed by acceleration of corrosion,or it is easier to form a protective film to slow down corrosion.COMSOL Multiphysics results show that the shear rate and turbulent kinetic energy increase linearly with the increase in residual height and velocity.The corrosion behavior of alloy surface is influenced by controlling the mass transfer rate and surface state.

Ginsenosides stimulated the proliferation of mouse spermatogonia involving activation of protein kinase C

The effect of ginsenosides on proliferation of type A spermatogonia was investigated in 7-day-old mice. Spermatogonia were characterized by c-kit expression and cell proliferation was assessed by immunocytochemical demonstration of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). After 72-h culture, Sertoli cells formed a confluent monolayer to which numerous spermatogonial colonies attached. Spermatogonia were positive for c-kit staining and showed high proliferating activity by PCNA expression. Ginsenosides (1.0～10 μg/ml) significantly stimulated proliferation of spermatogonia. Activation of protein kinase C (PKC) elicited proliferation of spermatogonia at 10-8 to 10-7 mol/L and the PKC inhibitor H7 inhibited this effect. Likewise, ginsenosides-stimulated spermatogonial proliferation was suppressed by combined treatment of H7. These results indicate that the proliferating effect of ginsenosides on mouse type A spermatogonia might be mediated by a mechanism involving the PKC signal transduction pathway.

Diagnosis and Treatment of Urinary Incontinence after Orthotopic Ileal Neobladder in China

INTRODUCTIONRadical cystectomy for bladder and urinary diversion is considered the gold standard for treatment of muscular invasive bladder cancer or high-risk nonmuscular invasive bladder cancer. Urinary diversion is usually classified into three types： orthotopic neobladder, ileal conduit or sigmoid conduit, and cutaneous ureterostomy Orthotopic neobladder is a better choice for urinary diversion than the other types because of its nonurinary diversion and better quality of life when this method is feasible for patients. One of the complications after creating an orthotopic neobladder is urinary incontinence. With an increasing amount of orthotopic neobladder procedures, more patients are suffering from urinary incontinence. Therefore, an article is required for diagnosis and treatment of urinary incontinence after the orthotopic ileal neobladder procedure.

Interaction between local corrosion and flow field of natural gas long-distance pipeline by artificial rectangular defect pit

The corrosive environment in long-distance natural gas pipeline was simulated by the online high shear stress flow test platform.The interaction between flow fields and local corrosion in different local corrosion stages was studied by machining different depths rectangular defect pit(RDP)on X80 pipe steel specimens.The electrochemical signals of each specimen under high shear stress flow were measured online using an integrated three-electrode and electrochemical system.Raman spectroscopy confirmed that the corrosion scale of X80 pipeline steel in CO_(2)-saturated National Association of Corrosion Engineers solution was composed of FeCO_(3).The scanning electron microscope images displayed variations in microstructure of the corrosion scale at different RDP depths and different areas.The flow field fluctuations induced by RDP were analyzed by computational fluid dynamics simulations and the development of local corrosion pits was discussed in terms of integrity of corrosion scale,convective mass transfer,and diffusion mass transfer.