Enhancement of motor functional recovery in thoracic spinal cord injury: voluntary wheel running versus forced treadmill exercise

Spinal cord injury necessitates effective rehabilitation strategies, with exercise therapies showing promise in promoting recovery. This study investigated the impact of rehabilitation exercise on functional recovery and morphological changes following thoracic contusive spinal cord injury. After a 7-day recovery period after spinal cord injury, mice were assigned to either a trained group(10 weeks of voluntary running wheel or forced treadmill exercise) or an untrained group. Bi-weekly assessments revealed that the exercise-trained group, particularly the voluntary wheel exercise subgroup, displayed significantly improved locomotor recovery, more plasticity of dopaminergic and serotonin modulation compared with the untrained group. Additionally, exercise interventions led to gait pattern restoration and enhanced transcranial magnetic motor-evoked potentials. Despite consistent injury areas across groups, exercise training promoted terminal innervation of descending axons. In summary, voluntary wheel exercise shows promise for enhancing outcomes after thoracic contusive spinal cord injury, emphasizing the role of exercise modality in promoting recovery and morphological changes in spinal cord injuries. Our findings will influence future strategies for rehabilitation exercises, restoring functional movement after spinal cord injury.

Survival Analysis of Patients Undergoing Intraoperative Contrast-enhanced Ultrasound in the Surgical Treatment of Malignant Glioma

Objective:Complete resection of malignant gliomas is often challenging.Our previous study indicated that intraoperative contrast-enhanced ultrasound(ICEUS)could aid in the detection of residual tumor remnants and the total removal of brain lesions.This study aimed to investigate the survival rates of patients undergoing resection with or without the use of ICEUS and to assess the impact of ICEUS on the prognosis of patients with malignant glioma.Methods:A total of 64 patients diagnosed with malignant glioma(WHO grade HI and IV)who underwent surgery between 2012 and 2018 were included.Among them,29 patients received ICEUS.The effects of ICEUS on overall survival(OS)and progression-free survival(PFS)of patients were evaluated.A quantitative analysis was performed to compare ICEUS parameters between gliomas and the surrounding tissues.Results:The ICEUS group showed better survival rates both in OS and PFS than the control group.The univariate analysis revealed that age,pathology and ICEUS were significant prognostic factors for PFS,with only age being a significant prognostic factor for OS.In multivariate analysis,age and ICEUS were significant prognostic factors for both OS and PFS.The quantitative analysis showed that the intensity and transit time of microbubbles reaching the tumors were significantly different from those of microbubbles reaching the surrounding tissue.Conclusion:ICEUS facilitates the identification of residual tumors.Age and ICEUS are prognostic factors for malignant glioma surgery,and use of ICEUS offers a better prognosis for patients with malignant glioma.

公共危机事件中政策认同的构建研究——基于陕西省的实证分析

政策认同是政策执行的重要基础,公共危机事件中的政策认同往往更加重要。论文结合陕西省2021年底暴发的重大突发公共卫生事件,设计了公共危机事件中政策认同构建的理论模型,并进行网络问卷调研,运用结构方程模型对构建的理论模型进行检验。结果发现,包括公众满意度、政府信任、感知政府能力在内的一系列因素都会对公共危机事件中的政策认同产生正向影响,公众对政府负面舆情处理的及时性感知和满意度也会对公共危机事件中的政策认同产生正向影响。基于研究结果,论文提出应重视日常工作中公众满意度、政府信任和感知政府能力对于危机管理的作用,同时要特别注意提升公众的主观感知,当负面舆情发生时,政府应积极回应并处理。

Clinical Efficacy and Safety of Foldable Capsular Vitreous Body Implant Surgery in 22 Cases of Silicone Oil-dependent Eyes

Objective This study aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of foldable capsular vitreous body(FCVB)implant surgery in silicone oil-dependent eyes.Methods A total of 22 participants with silicone oil-dependent eyes who received treatment with FCVB implant surgery between January 2019 and June 2020 were included in this retrospective study.The intraocular pressure(IOP),best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA),demographic data,and any recorded complications were evaluated.Results The postoperative IOP(12.73±4.20 mmHg)was significantly improved(P=0.03)compared to the preoperative IOP(10.23±3.69 mmHg)(the main endpoint).There was no significant difference(P=0.33)in the final BCVA preoperation and 3rd month postoperation(the secondary endpoint).The most common postoperative complication was hyphema.Other common postoperative complications included corneal opacity,a shallow anterior chamber,and a low IOP.Conclusion FCVB implant surgery is a safe and effective method for treating silicone oil-dependent eyes;however,attention should be paid to the prevention and timely treatment of complications.

SiC/Pt/CdS纳米棒Z型异质结的制备及其高效光催化产氢性能

本文采用简单的化学还原辅助水热法制备了一种新型Si C/Pt/Cd SZ型异质结纳米棒,并将Pt纳米粒子锚定在Si C纳米棒与Cd S纳米粒子的界面间,诱导电子-空穴对沿着Z型迁移路径进行转移。进行一系列的表征来分析该催化体系的结构,形貌和性能。X射线衍射(XRD)和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)结果表明,成功合成了具有较好晶体结构的光催化剂。通过透射电子显微镜证明,Pt纳米颗粒生长在Si C纳米棒和Cd S纳米颗粒的界面间。UV-Vis漫反射光谱显示,所制备的Z-型异质结样品具有比原始Cd S材料更宽的光吸收范围。光致发光光谱和瞬态光电流响应进一步证明具有最佳摩尔比的Si C/Pt/Cd S纳米棒样品具有最高的电子-空穴对分离效率。通过控制Si C和Cd S的摩尔比,可以有效地调节Si C/Pt纳米棒表面Cd S的负载量,从而使得Si C/Pt/Cd S纳米棒光催化剂达到最佳性能。当Si C:Cd S=5:1(摩尔比)时可以达到最佳产氢性能,其最大析氢速率达到122.3μmol·h-1。此外,从扫描电子显微镜、XRD和XPS分析可以看出,经过三次循环测试后,Si C/Pt/Cd S光催化剂的形貌和晶体结构均基本保持不变,表明Si C/Pt/Cd S纳米复合材料在可见光下产氢时具有稳定的结构。通过选择性光沉积技术在光反应中同时进行Au纳米粒子的光还原沉积和Mn3O4纳米粒子光氧化沉积以证明电子-空穴对的Z-型转移机制。实验结果表明,Cd S导带上的电子主要参与光催化过程中的还原反应,Si C价带上的空穴更容易发生氧化反应,其中,Si C的导带上的电子将与Cd S价带上的空穴复合形成Z型传输路径。因此,提出了在光催化产氢过程中Si C/Pt/Cd S纳米棒催化体系可能的Z-型电荷迁移路径来解释产氢活性的提高。该研究为基于Si C纳米棒的Z-型光催化体系的合成提供了新的策略。基于以上分析,Si C/Pt/Cd S纳米复合材料具有高效、廉价、易于制备、结构稳定等优势,具有突出的商业应用前景。

热氧老化对聚醚醚酮结构与性能的影响

聚醚醚酮(PEEK)作为工程材料广泛应用于多个领域,研究其热氧老化规律对其材料服役优化具有重要意义。采用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、X射线衍射、差示扫描量热和万能拉力机等测试了PEEK片在310℃高温环境中热氧老化不同时间后化学结构及性能的变化。结果表明,在实验老化时间范围内,FT-IR谱图中未出现新的红外吸收峰;XPS谱图显示样品表面形成了氧化产物,且老化168 h的氧化程度达到最大;样品的结晶温度、熔融焓及结晶度均随着热老化时间的延长而减小,在老化504 h后结晶度降为9.7%;老化样品的断裂伸长率随着热老化时间的延长而减小,断裂应力在热老化96 h范围内呈上升趋势,随后逐渐降低。

炎症性肠病患者自我管理的研究进展

阐述了自我管理的概念和理论基础,对目前我国炎症性肠病(inflammatory bowel disease, IBD)患者在饮食、药物治疗、运动、症状观察、情绪管理以及健康行为等方面的自我管理模式、影响因素进行了综述,并对存在的问题进行分析.目前,我国对IBD患者自我管理模式的研究尚少,没有形成一套规范的医疗支持与家庭支持相结合的干预模式.因此,建议开展一套以家庭自我管理为重点的IBD患者医疗干预模式,不但为临床的管理提供有效的依据,还可以大大减少患者的经济负担,节约医疗资源.

Connexin 32 and 43 promoter methylation in Helicobacter pylori-associated gastric tumorigenesis

AIM: To explore the mechanism of abnormal Connexin (Cx) 32 and Cx43 expression in the gastric mucosa after Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection.

Anticipation,anti-glaucoma drug treatment response and phenotype of a Chinese family with glaucoma caused by the Pro370Leu myocilin mutation

AIM: To describe the anticipation and anti-glaucoma drugs response of a Chinese family with juvenile-onset open angle glaucoma(JOAG) caused by the Pro370Leu myocilin(MYOC) mutation. ·METHODS: Fifteen members of a three-generation Chinese family with JOAG were recruited to this study. They all underwent ophthalmic common examinations. Patients suspected to have JOAG got an assessment of visual field and optical coherence tomography. Intraocular pressures(IOPs) of four patients were measured at 8,10,12,14,17 o’clock respectively after using anti-glaucoma drugs. Mutation screening of all MYOC gene coding exons of the participants was performed by using direct sequencing of PCR products. ·RESULTS: Clinical examinations and pedigree analysis revealed eight family members were suffered from JOAG. Apparent genetics anticipation phenomenon was observed in this family. Their clinical features included elevated IOP of 35-55mmHg,loss of visual field,thinning of retinal nerve fiber layer,and glaucomatous optic disc damage. Noticeably,their intraocular pressure levels could be controlled within normal range at 8 and 10 o’clock by anti-glaucoma drugs,but their IOPs would elevate 】21mmHg after 12 o’clock. Seven patients received trabeculectomy produced thin-walled,pale,and saccate filtering blebs maintaining lower intraocular pressure efficiently. Mutation screening indentified aheterozygous C→T missense mutation in the MYOC gene at position 1 109 in exon 3,corresponding to a substitution of a highly conserved proline to leucine at codon 370 in the olfactomedin domain of MYOC. ·CONCLUSION: The clinical characteristics of JOAG in this family were 1) genetics anticipation; 2) high IOP; 3) temporay response to anti-glaucoma drugs; 4) filtering surgery produced thin-walled and saccate filtering blebs,helping maintain lower IOP.

Application of Intraoperative Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound in the Resection of Brain Tumors

Objective:To investigate the value of routine intraoperative ultrasound(IU)and intraoperative contrast-enhanced ultrasound(ICEUS)in the surgical treatment of brain tumors,and to explore the utilization of ICEUS for the removal of the remnants surrounding the resection cavity.Methods:In total,51 patients who underwent operations from 2012 to 2018 due to different tumors in the brain were included in this study.The clinical data were evaluated retrospectively.IU was performed in all patients,among which 28 patients underwent ICEUS.The effects of IU and ICEUS on tumor resection and recurrence were evaluated.

Bone Marrow Urokinase Plasminogen Activator Receptor Levels are Associated with the Progress of Multiple Myeloma

Objective To determine the mRNA and protein levels of urokinase plasminogen activator receptors(u PAR) in bone marrow fluid and bone marrow tissue from multiple myeloma(MM) patients and assess association of u PAR level with prognosis of MM.Methods u PAR levels in bone marrow fluid of 22 MM patients at the stable and progressive stages and 18 iron deficiency anemia patients with normal bone marrow(control) were examined by ELISA.Furthermore,u PAR expression in bone marrow tissue was investigated by RT-PCR and Western blot,respectively.The distribution of u PAR in MM cells was examined using immunofluorescence staining.The pathological changes in different stages of MM patients were studied by HE staining.Results u PAR level in bone marrow fluid of MM patients(1.52±0.32 μg/ml) was found to be higher than that in the control group(0.98±0.15 μg/ml).Interestingly,u PAR protein(0.686±0.075 vs.0.372±0.043,P<0.05) and m RNA(2.51±0.46 vs.4.46±1.15,P<0.05) expression levels of MM patients at the progressive stage were significantly higher than those at the stable stage.The expression of u PAR in MM bone marrow was confirmed by immunofluorescence staining.Moreover,HE staining revealed a great increased number of nucleated cells and severe impairment of hematopoietic function in the bone marrow of patients with progressive-stage myeloma.Conclusion Our study reveals that u PAR expression is positively correlated with the development and progress of MM.

The real-world study of the clinical characteristics,diagnosis,and treatment of advanced pancreatic cancer in China

Objective:Real-world diagnostic and treatment data for pancreatic cancer in China are lacking.As such,the present study investigated the clinical characteristics,diagnosis,and treatment of advanced pancreatic cancer(including locally advanced and metastatic disease)in the Hospital-based Advanced Pancreatic Cancer Cohort in China of the China Pancreas Data Center database.Methods:A total of 5349 Chinese patients with advanced pancreatic cancer were identified from a database.The entire course of real-world pancreatic cancer management was analyzed.Results:The proportion of patients with advanced pancreatic cancer was higher among males than females(62.4%vs 37.6%,respectively).Patients typically had a history of hypertension(30.8%),diabetes(21.6%),and cholangitis(20.2%).Abdominal pain(51.6%),abdominal distension(27.1%),jaundice(20.1%),and weight loss(16.3%)were the main symptoms observed in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer in this cohort.Serum carbohydrate antigen(CA)19-9 is one of the most common tumor markers.In the present study,2562 patients underwent first-line therapy.The median progression-free survival(PFS)for patients undergoing first-line therapy was 4.1 months.The major options for first-line therapy included gemcitabine(GEM)plus S-1(GS/X)(23.4%),nab-paclitaxel plus GEM(AG)(18.1%),oxaliplatin,irinotecan,and leucovorin-modulated fluorouracil(FOLFIRINOX;11.9%),nab-paclitaxel plus S-1(AS)(8.9%),and GEM combined with oxaliplatin/cisplatin(GEMOX/GP)(7.6%).The AS and GS/X regimens were associated with the highest PFS rates.Conclusion:This is the first study to report multicenter,real-world data regarding advanced pancreatic cancer in China.Results revealed that real-world treatment options differed from guideline recommendations,and PFS was shorter than that in previously reported data.Improving intelligent follow-up systems and standardizing diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic cancer is recommended.

Polylactic acid micro/nanoplastic-induced hepatotoxicity: Investigating food and air sources via multi-omics

Micro/nanoplastics(MNPs)are detected in human liver,and pose significant risks to human health.Oral exposure to MNPs derived from non-biodegradable plastics can induce toxicity in mouse liver.Similarly,nasal exposure to non-biodegradable plastics can cause airway dysbiosis in mice.However,the hepatotoxicity induced by foodborne and airborne biodegradable MNPs remains poorly understood.Here we show the hepatotoxic effects of biodegradable polylactic acid(PLA)MNPs through multi-omics analysis of various biological samples from mice,including gut,fecal,nasal,lung,liver,and blood samples.Our results show that both foodborne and airborne PLA MNPs compromise liver function,disrupt serum antioxidant activity,and cause liver pathology.Specifically,foodborne MNPs lead to gut microbial dysbiosis,metabolic alterations in the gut and serum,and liver transcriptomic changes.Airborne MNPs affect nasal and lung microbiota,alter lung and serum metabolites,and disrupt liver transcriptomics.The gut Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group is a potential biomarker for foodborne PLA MNP exposure,while nasal unclassified_Muribaculaceae and lung Klebsiella are potential biomarkers for airborne PLA MNP exposure.The relevant results suggest that foodborne PLA MNPs could affect the“gut microbiota-gutliver”axis and induce hepatoxicity,while airborne PLA MNPs could disrupt the“airway microbiota-lungliver”axis and cause hepatoxicity.These findings have implications for diagnosing PLA MNPs-induced hepatotoxicity and managing biodegradable materials in the environment.Our current study could be a starting point for biodegradable MNPs-induced hepatotoxicity.More research is needed to verify and inhibit the pathways that are crucial to MNPs-induced hepatotoxicity.

METTL9-catalyzed histidine methylation of S100A9 suppresses the anti-Staphylococcus aureus activity of neutrophils

Dear Editor,Protein histidine methylation has been found to be a widespread post-translational modification(PTM)in mammalian cells and represents more than 13%of all protein methylation events in the human methylome(Ning et al.,2016;Kapell and Jakobsson,2021).Recently,we and other groups independently identified METTL9 as the first broad-specificity histidine N1 methyltransferase in mammals(Davydova et al.,2021;Lv et al.,2021).METTL9 methylates a variety of substrates with a common x-His-x-His motif(His is for histidine;the second x is preferably small amino acids:A/C/G/S)and catalyzes methyl transfer to the last histidine.

Chinese expert consensus on multidisciplinary diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic neuroendocrine liver metastases

Many management strategies are available for pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms with liver metastases.However,a lack of biological,molecular,and genomic information and an absence of data from rigorous trials limit the validity of these strategies.This review presents the viewpoints from an international conference consisting of several expert working groups.The working groups reviewed a series of questions of particular interest to clinicians taking care of patients with pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms with liver metastases by reviewing the existing management strategies and literature,evaluating the evidence on which management decisions were based,developing internationally acceptable recommendations for clinical practice,and making recommendations for clinical and research endeavors.The review for each question will be followed by recommendations from the panel.

Reversible doping polarity and ultrahigh carrier density in two-dimensional van der Waals ferroelectric heterostructures

Van der Waals semiconductor heterostructures(VSHs)composed of two or more two-dimensional(2D)materials with different band gaps exhibit huge potential for exploiting high-performance multifunctional devices.The application of 2D VSHs in atomically thin devices highly depends on the control of their carrier type and density.Herein,on the basis of comprehensive first-principles calculations,we report a new strategy to manipulate the doping polarity and carrier density in a class of 2D VSHs consisting of atomically thin transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDs)andα-In_(2)X_(3)(X=S,Se)ferroelectrics via switchable polarization field.Our calculated results indicate that the band bending of In_(2)X_(3)layer driven by the FE polarization can be utilized for engineering the band alignment and doping polarity of TMD/In_(2)X_(3)VSHs,which enables us to control their carrier density and type of the VSHs by the orientation and magnitude of local FE polarization field.Inspired by these findings,we demonstrate that doping-free p–n junctions achieved in MoTe2/In2Se3 VSHs exhibit high carrier density(1013–1014 cm–2),and the inversion of the VHSs from n–p junctions to p–i–n junctions has been realized by the polarization switching from upward to downward states.This work provides a nonvolatile and nondestructive doping strategy for obtaining programmable p–n van der Waals(vdW)junctions and opens the possibilities for self-powered and multifunctional device applications.

METTL9 mediated N1-histidine methylation of zinc transporters is required for tumor growth

Dear Editor,Histidine methylation has been known for many years(Searle and Westall,1951),but only a few proteins carrying such modifications have been studied(Webb et al.,2010;Al-Hadid et al.,2014;Kwiatkowski et al.,2018;Guo et al.,2019;Wilkinson et al.,2019;Kwiatkowski and Drozak,2020).

Apatinib treatment for unresectable gastrointestinal stromal tumor with synchronous gastric cancer

Nearly one-fifth of patients diagnosed with gastrointestinal stromal tumors(GISTs)simultaneously experience a second primary tumor.In particular,coexistence of gastric GISTs and gastric cancer is relatively more common.However,the optimal treatment for advanced GIST with gastric cancer is largely unknown.We report a case of simultaneous occurrence of gastric GIST and gastric cancer that benefited from apatinib.After first-line imatinib and S-1 treatment for 6 months,the GIST and the gastric cancer both progressed.The patient was then treated with apatinib,exhibiting a partial response(PR)both in the GIST and the gastric cancer at 7 months,and continuous PR so far with well-controlled toxic effects of hypertension.Progression-free survival reached 10 months.In view of the relatively high incidence of advanced GIST with synchronous gastric cancer,therapy to simultaneously treat the two kinds of tumors is urgently needed.Apatinib provides promising and well-tolerated therapy for GISTs with synchronous gastric cancer refractory to chemotherapy combined with imatinib.

ETV2 mediates endothelial transdifferentiation of glioblastoma

Glioblastoma multiforme(GBM)is characterized by extensive endothelial hyperplasia.Recent studies suggest that a subpopulation of endothelial cells originates via vasculogenesis by the transdifferentiation of GBM tumor cells into endothelial cells(endotransdifferentiation).The molecular mechanism underlying this process remains poorly defined.Here,we show that the expression of ETS variant 2(ETV2),a master regulator of endothelial cell development,is highly correlated with malignancy.Functional studies demonstrate that ETV2 is sufficient and necessary for the transdifferentiation of a subpopulation of CD133+/Nestin+GBM/neural stem cells to an endothelial lineage.Combinational studies of ChIP-Seq with gain-of-function RNA-Seq data sets suggest that ETV2,in addition to activating vascular genes,represses proneural genes to direct endo-transdifferentiation.Since endotransdifferentiation by ETV2 is VEGF-A independent,it likely accounts for the observed resistance of GBM tumor cells to antiangiogenesis therapy.Further characterization of the regulatory networks mediated by ETV2 in endo-transdifferentiation of GBM tumor cells should lead to the identification of more effective therapeutic targets for GBM.

Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis on the Vulva: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Langerhans cell histiocytosis （LCH） of the female genital tract is rare. Only 20 cases of primary vulva LCH have been previously reported in the medical literature. In this report, we describe an additional case of LCH on the vulva. A 28-year-old Chinese woman presented with a two-year history of ulcerous lesions on the left vulva. No associated temperature, tiredness, or general malaise was observed. A diagnosis of LCH had been made by biopsy. Histological and immunohistochemical findings were characteristic of LCH. After two weeks of combined medical therapy, including interferon, prednisone, and methotrexate （MTX）, the lesion started to cicatrize. Now, the patient was well throughout a 18-month follow up, showing no symptoms or signs of local recurrence or systemic spread. The occurrence of LCH on the vulva is very unusual. It is necessary to perform a biopsy on the lesion, rule out the possibility of multiorgan involvement. There are no standard treatment options for this rare disease. The most effective treatment options remain elusive. In our case, combined medical therapy was proved to be effective.