Zincophilic property and high electrical conductivity are both very important parameters to design novel Zn anode for aqueous Zn-ion batteries(AZIBs).However,single material is difficult to exhibit zincophilic propert...Zincophilic property and high electrical conductivity are both very important parameters to design novel Zn anode for aqueous Zn-ion batteries(AZIBs).However,single material is difficult to exhibit zincophilic property and high electrical conductivity at the same time.Herein,originating from theoretical calculation,a zincophilic particle regulation strategy is proposed to address these limitations and carbon coated Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)is taken as an example to be a protective layer on zinc metal(NVPC@Zn).Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)(NVP)is a common cathode material for Zn-ion batteries,which is zincophilic.Carbon materials not only offer an electron pathway to help Zn deposition onto NVPC surface,but also enhance the zinc nucleophilicity of Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3).Hence,this hybrid coating layer can tune zinc deposition and resist side reactions such as hydrogen generation and Zn metal corrosion.Experimentally,a symmetrical battery with NVPC@Zn electrode displays highly reversible plating/stripping behavior with a long cycle lifespan over 1800 h at2 mA cm^(-2),much better than carbon and Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)solely modified Zn electrodes.When the Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)is replaced with zincophobic Al2O3or zincophilic V2O3,the stability of the modified zinc anodes is also prolonged.This strategy expands the option of zincophilic materials and provides a general and effective way to stabilize the Zn electrode.展开更多
Manganese-based cathode materials are considered as a promising candidate for rechargeable aqueous zinc-ion batteries(ZIBs).Suffering from poor conductive and limited structure tolerance,various carbon matrix,especial...Manganese-based cathode materials are considered as a promising candidate for rechargeable aqueous zinc-ion batteries(ZIBs).Suffering from poor conductive and limited structure tolerance,various carbon matrix,especially N-doped carbon,were employed to incorporate with MnO_(2)for greatly promoted electrochemical performances.However,the related underlying mechanism is still unknown,which is unfavorable to guide the design of high performance electrode.Herein,by incorporating layered MnO_(2)with N-doped carbon nanowires,a free-standing cathode with hierarchical core-shell structure(denoted as MnO_(2)@NC)is prepared.Benefiting from the N-doped carbon and rational architecture,the MnO_(2)@NC electrode shows an enhanced specific capacity(325 mAh g^(−1)at 0.1 A g^(−1))and rate performance(90 mAh g^(−1)at 2 A g^(−1)),as well as improved cycling stability.Furthermore,the performance improvement mechanism of MnO_(2)incorporated by N-doped carbon is investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),Raman spectrums and density functional theory(DFT)calculation.The N atom elongates the Mn-O bond and reduces the valence of Mn^(4+)ion in MnO_(2)crystal by delocalizing its electron clouds.Thus,the electrostatic repulsion will be weakened when Zn^(2+)/H^(+)insert into the host MnO_(2)lattices,which is profitable to more cation insertion and faster ion transfer kinetics for higher capacity and rate capability.This work elucidates a fundamental understanding of the functions of N-doped carbon in composite materials and shed light on a practical pathway to optimize other electrode materials.展开更多
A catalog of more than 43,000 M giant stars has been selected by Li et al.from the ninth data release of LAMOST.Using the data-driven method SLAM,we obtain the stellar parameters(T_(eff),logg,[M/H],[α/M])for all the ...A catalog of more than 43,000 M giant stars has been selected by Li et al.from the ninth data release of LAMOST.Using the data-driven method SLAM,we obtain the stellar parameters(T_(eff),logg,[M/H],[α/M])for all the M giant stars with uncertainties of 57 K,0.25 dex,0.16 dex and 0.06 dex at SNR>100,respectively.With those stellar parameters,we constrain the absolute magnitude in the K-band,which brings distance with relative uncertainties around 25%statistically.Radial velocities are also calculated by applying cross correlation on the spectra between 8000 and 8950?with synthetic spectra from ATLAS9,which covers the CaⅡtriplet.Comparison between our radial velocities and those from APOGEE DR17 and Gaia DR3 shows that our radial velocities have a system offset and dispersion around 1 and 4.6 km s^(-1),respectively.With the distances and radial velocities combining with the astrometric data from Gaia DR3,we calculate the full 6D position and velocity information,which are able to be used for further chemo-dynamic studies on the disk and substructures in the halo,especially the Sagittarius Stream.展开更多
Puccinia striiformis Westend. f. sp. tritici(Pst) pathotype CYR34 is widely virulent and prevalent in China.Here, we report identification of a strpie rust resistance(Yr) gene, designated Yr041133, in winter wheat lin...Puccinia striiformis Westend. f. sp. tritici(Pst) pathotype CYR34 is widely virulent and prevalent in China.Here, we report identification of a strpie rust resistance(Yr) gene, designated Yr041133, in winter wheat line 041133. This line produced a hypersensitive reaction to CYR34 and conferred resistance to 13 other pathotypes. Resistance to CYR34 in line 041133 was controlled by a single dominant gene. Bulked segregant RNA sequencing(BSR-Seq) was performed on a pair of RNA bulks generated by pooling resistant and susceptible recombinant inbred lines. Yr041133 was mapped to a 1.7 c M genetic interval on the chromosome arm 7 BL that corresponded to a 0.8 Mb physical interval(608.9–609.7 Mb) in the Chinese Spring reference genome. Based on its unique physical location Yr041133 differred from the other Yr genes on this chromosome arm.展开更多
Two-dimensionalα-In_(2)Se_(3)exhibits simultaneous intercorrelated in-plane and out-of-plane polarization,making it a highly promising material for use in memories,synapses,sensors,detectors,and optoelectronic device...Two-dimensionalα-In_(2)Se_(3)exhibits simultaneous intercorrelated in-plane and out-of-plane polarization,making it a highly promising material for use in memories,synapses,sensors,detectors,and optoelectronic devices.With its narrow bandgap,α-In_(2)Se_(3)is particularly attractive for applications in photodetection.However,relatively little research has been conducted on the out-of-plane photoconductive and bulk photovoltaic effects inα-In_(2)Se_(3).This limits the potential ofα-In_(2)Se_(3)in the device innovation and performance modification.Herein,we have developed anα-In_(2)Se_(3)-based heterojunction with a transparent electrode of two-dimensional Ta_(2)NiS_(5).The out-of-plane electric field can effectively separate the photo-generated electron-hole pairs in the heterojunction,resulting in an out-of-plane responsivity(R),external quantum efficiency(EQE),and specific detectivity(D*)of 0.78 mA/W,10−3%and 1.14×10^(8)Jones,respectively.The out-of-plane bulk photovoltaic effect has been demonstrated by changes in the short circuit current(SCC)and open circuit voltage(V_(oc))with different optical power intensity and temperature,which indicates thatα-In_(2)Se_(3)-based heterojunctions has application potential in mid-far infrared light detection based on its out-of-plane photoconductive and bulk photovoltaic effects.Although the out-of-plane photoconductive and bulk photovoltaic effects are relatively lower than that of traditional materials,the findings pave the way for a better understanding of the out-of-plane characteristics of two-dimensionalα-In_(2)Se_(3)and related heterojunctions.Furthermore,the results highlight the application potential ofα-In_(2)Se_(3)in low-power device innovation and performance modification.展开更多
Dear Editor, Common wheat (Triticum aestivum, 2n = 6x = 42, AABBDD) is one of the most widely cultivated cereal crops, providing -20% of the calories consumed by humans (Fu et al., 2009). However, wheat production...Dear Editor, Common wheat (Triticum aestivum, 2n = 6x = 42, AABBDD) is one of the most widely cultivated cereal crops, providing -20% of the calories consumed by humans (Fu et al., 2009). However, wheat production is constantly challenged by powdery mildew disease, which occurs globally and is caused by the biotrophic fungal pathogen Blumena graminis f. sp. tritici (Bgt). Utilization of powdery mildew resistance (Pm) genes is the most effective and economical way to control powdery mildew disease.展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFB3803600)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(30106200463 and CCNU22CJ017)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U20A20246)the Graduate Education Innovation Grant from Central China Normal University,China(20210407032)。
文摘Zincophilic property and high electrical conductivity are both very important parameters to design novel Zn anode for aqueous Zn-ion batteries(AZIBs).However,single material is difficult to exhibit zincophilic property and high electrical conductivity at the same time.Herein,originating from theoretical calculation,a zincophilic particle regulation strategy is proposed to address these limitations and carbon coated Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)is taken as an example to be a protective layer on zinc metal(NVPC@Zn).Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)(NVP)is a common cathode material for Zn-ion batteries,which is zincophilic.Carbon materials not only offer an electron pathway to help Zn deposition onto NVPC surface,but also enhance the zinc nucleophilicity of Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3).Hence,this hybrid coating layer can tune zinc deposition and resist side reactions such as hydrogen generation and Zn metal corrosion.Experimentally,a symmetrical battery with NVPC@Zn electrode displays highly reversible plating/stripping behavior with a long cycle lifespan over 1800 h at2 mA cm^(-2),much better than carbon and Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)solely modified Zn electrodes.When the Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)is replaced with zincophobic Al2O3or zincophilic V2O3,the stability of the modified zinc anodes is also prolonged.This strategy expands the option of zincophilic materials and provides a general and effective way to stabilize the Zn electrode.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U20A20246,51872108)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Nos.30106200463 and CCNU20TS006)Graduate Education Innovation Grant from Central China Normal University(No.2020CXZZ101).
文摘Manganese-based cathode materials are considered as a promising candidate for rechargeable aqueous zinc-ion batteries(ZIBs).Suffering from poor conductive and limited structure tolerance,various carbon matrix,especially N-doped carbon,were employed to incorporate with MnO_(2)for greatly promoted electrochemical performances.However,the related underlying mechanism is still unknown,which is unfavorable to guide the design of high performance electrode.Herein,by incorporating layered MnO_(2)with N-doped carbon nanowires,a free-standing cathode with hierarchical core-shell structure(denoted as MnO_(2)@NC)is prepared.Benefiting from the N-doped carbon and rational architecture,the MnO_(2)@NC electrode shows an enhanced specific capacity(325 mAh g^(−1)at 0.1 A g^(−1))and rate performance(90 mAh g^(−1)at 2 A g^(−1)),as well as improved cycling stability.Furthermore,the performance improvement mechanism of MnO_(2)incorporated by N-doped carbon is investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),Raman spectrums and density functional theory(DFT)calculation.The N atom elongates the Mn-O bond and reduces the valence of Mn^(4+)ion in MnO_(2)crystal by delocalizing its electron clouds.Thus,the electrostatic repulsion will be weakened when Zn^(2+)/H^(+)insert into the host MnO_(2)lattices,which is profitable to more cation insertion and faster ion transfer kinetics for higher capacity and rate capability.This work elucidates a fundamental understanding of the functions of N-doped carbon in composite materials and shed light on a practical pathway to optimize other electrode materials.
基金supported by Beijing Natural Science Foundation with Grant No.1214028the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)under grant 12103062+7 种基金the NSFC under grant 12273027the NSFC under Grant Nos.12090040,12090044,and 11833006the NSFC with grant No.11835057support from the NSFC(Grant No.12133002)China West Normal University grant 17YC507.the National Key R&D Program of China No.2019YFA0405501supported by the National Key R&D Program of China No.2019YFA0405502Guo Shou Jing Telescope(the Large sky Area Multi-Object fiber Spectroscopic Telescope LAMOST)is a National Major Scientific Project built by the Chinese Academy of Sciences.Funding for the project has been provided by the National Development and Reform Commission。
文摘A catalog of more than 43,000 M giant stars has been selected by Li et al.from the ninth data release of LAMOST.Using the data-driven method SLAM,we obtain the stellar parameters(T_(eff),logg,[M/H],[α/M])for all the M giant stars with uncertainties of 57 K,0.25 dex,0.16 dex and 0.06 dex at SNR>100,respectively.With those stellar parameters,we constrain the absolute magnitude in the K-band,which brings distance with relative uncertainties around 25%statistically.Radial velocities are also calculated by applying cross correlation on the spectra between 8000 and 8950?with synthetic spectra from ATLAS9,which covers the CaⅡtriplet.Comparison between our radial velocities and those from APOGEE DR17 and Gaia DR3 shows that our radial velocities have a system offset and dispersion around 1 and 4.6 km s^(-1),respectively.With the distances and radial velocities combining with the astrometric data from Gaia DR3,we calculate the full 6D position and velocity information,which are able to be used for further chemo-dynamic studies on the disk and substructures in the halo,especially the Sagittarius Stream.
基金Financial support of this research by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFD0101000)the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program of CAAS(CAAS-ZDRW202002)。
文摘Puccinia striiformis Westend. f. sp. tritici(Pst) pathotype CYR34 is widely virulent and prevalent in China.Here, we report identification of a strpie rust resistance(Yr) gene, designated Yr041133, in winter wheat line 041133. This line produced a hypersensitive reaction to CYR34 and conferred resistance to 13 other pathotypes. Resistance to CYR34 in line 041133 was controlled by a single dominant gene. Bulked segregant RNA sequencing(BSR-Seq) was performed on a pair of RNA bulks generated by pooling resistant and susceptible recombinant inbred lines. Yr041133 was mapped to a 1.7 c M genetic interval on the chromosome arm 7 BL that corresponded to a 0.8 Mb physical interval(608.9–609.7 Mb) in the Chinese Spring reference genome. Based on its unique physical location Yr041133 differred from the other Yr genes on this chromosome arm.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12175191)Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,China(Nos.2022JJ30566)the Research Foundation of Education Bureau of Hunan Province,China(Grant No.22A0134).
文摘Two-dimensionalα-In_(2)Se_(3)exhibits simultaneous intercorrelated in-plane and out-of-plane polarization,making it a highly promising material for use in memories,synapses,sensors,detectors,and optoelectronic devices.With its narrow bandgap,α-In_(2)Se_(3)is particularly attractive for applications in photodetection.However,relatively little research has been conducted on the out-of-plane photoconductive and bulk photovoltaic effects inα-In_(2)Se_(3).This limits the potential ofα-In_(2)Se_(3)in the device innovation and performance modification.Herein,we have developed anα-In_(2)Se_(3)-based heterojunction with a transparent electrode of two-dimensional Ta_(2)NiS_(5).The out-of-plane electric field can effectively separate the photo-generated electron-hole pairs in the heterojunction,resulting in an out-of-plane responsivity(R),external quantum efficiency(EQE),and specific detectivity(D*)of 0.78 mA/W,10−3%and 1.14×10^(8)Jones,respectively.The out-of-plane bulk photovoltaic effect has been demonstrated by changes in the short circuit current(SCC)and open circuit voltage(V_(oc))with different optical power intensity and temperature,which indicates thatα-In_(2)Se_(3)-based heterojunctions has application potential in mid-far infrared light detection based on its out-of-plane photoconductive and bulk photovoltaic effects.Although the out-of-plane photoconductive and bulk photovoltaic effects are relatively lower than that of traditional materials,the findings pave the way for a better understanding of the out-of-plane characteristics of two-dimensionalα-In_(2)Se_(3)and related heterojunctions.Furthermore,the results highlight the application potential ofα-In_(2)Se_(3)in low-power device innovation and performance modification.
基金This study was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31471497), the Innovation Foundation of Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences (ZX(17)2011), the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (BK20130503 and BK20151319), and the Foundation of Jiangsu University (13JDG103).
文摘Dear Editor, Common wheat (Triticum aestivum, 2n = 6x = 42, AABBDD) is one of the most widely cultivated cereal crops, providing -20% of the calories consumed by humans (Fu et al., 2009). However, wheat production is constantly challenged by powdery mildew disease, which occurs globally and is caused by the biotrophic fungal pathogen Blumena graminis f. sp. tritici (Bgt). Utilization of powdery mildew resistance (Pm) genes is the most effective and economical way to control powdery mildew disease.